Алкмена

Алкмена
Характеристики
Описаниегероиня от древногръцката митология
РодителиЕлектрион
ДецаХеракъл
Херкулес
Ификъл
Алкмена в Общомедия

Алкмена (на старогръцки: Άλκμήνη, Ἀλκμάνα; на латински: Alcmena, Alcumena, Alcmene) в древногръцката митология е дъщеря на Електрион, царя на Микена и син на Персей.[1] Отличавала се с изключителна красота.[2] Заради случайното убийство на своя тъст, Амфитрион и Алкмена били прокудени от Микена и отишли да живеят в Тива.[3] Според някои митографи тя е майка на Евридика.

Легенда

Зевс бил привлечен от красотата на Алкмена и ѝ се явил. През тяхната брачна нощ слънцето три дни не изгрявало. Скоро след това Алкмена родила едновременно двама сина – Ификъл от мъжа си и Херакъл от Зевс.[4] Докато Алкмена била бременна с Херакъл/Херкулес, Хера се опитала да предотврати раждането на героя, който щял да установи нов ред на Олимп. Тя била спасена от прислужница на Алкмена – Галантида, която казала на Хера, че тя вече е родила детето. Хера превърнала вестителката в невестулка.

Мъжът на Алкмена извършил много подвизи, но бил убит в битка. След смъртта му, Алкмена била преследвана от Евристей. След смъртта си, тя била пренесена в Елисейските полета и там срещнала Радамант.

Култ към Алкмена съществувал в Тива, Атика и на други места в Древна Гърция.

Херакъл, Ификъл и Алкмена, Атина/Атена с копието, Амфитрион (вдясно); Стамнос, ок.480/70 пр.н.е. (Париж, Лувър G 192)

Литература

  • Heinrich Wilhelm Stoll: Alkmene. In: Wilhelm Heinrich Roscher: Ausführliches Lexikon der griechischen und römischen Mythologie. Band 1,1, Leipzig 1886, Sp. 246 – 249
  • Konrad Wernicke: Alkmene. In: Paulys Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft (RE). Band I,2, Stuttgart 1894, Sp. 1572 – 1577.
  • Alfonso de Franciscis: Alcmena. In: Enciclopedia dell’Arte Antica, Classica e Orientale. Band 1, Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, Rom 1958.
  • Arthur Dale Trendall: Alkmene. In: Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae (LIMC). Band I, Zürich/München 1981, S. 552 – 556.
  • Bernhard Greiner: Amphitryon und Alkmene. In: Maria Moog-Grünewald (Hrsg.): Mythenrezeption. Die antike Mythologie in Literatur, Musik und Kunst von den Anfängen bis zur Gegenwart (= Der Neue Pauly. Supplemente. Band 5). Metzler, Stuttgart/Weimar 2008, ISBN 978-3-476-02032-1, S. 68 – 76.
  • William Smith (lexicographer): Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London (1873). Alcmene

Източници

  1. ↑ Хезиод, catalogus feminarum, aspis 1 – 56; Аполодор, Митологическа библиотека II 4, 5 – 6
  2. ↑ Хезиод, aspis 4 – 6.
  3. ↑ Аполодор II 4, 6
  4. ↑ Павзаний, Елада V 17, 7
Общомедия
Общомедия разполага с мултимедийно съдържание за
Алкмена.

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