Рэвалюцыя

Рэвалюцыя (ад познелат. Revolutio — паварот, пераварот, ператварэнне, зварот) — радыкальнае, карэннае, глыбокае, якаснае змяненне, скачок у развіцці грамадства, прыроды, або пазнання, спалучанае з адкрытым разрывам з папярэднім станам. Рэвалюцыю як якасны скачок у развіцці, як больш хуткія і істотныя змены, адрозніваюць ад эвалюцыі (дзе развіццё адбываецца больш павольна) і ад рэформы (у ходзе якой вырабляецца змена якой-небудзь часткі сістэмы без закранання існуючых асноў).

Адрозніваюць рэвалюцыі ў прыродзе (геалагічная), у развіцці грамадства (у тым ліку эканамічным - неалітычная рэвалюцыя, прамысловая рэвалюцыя, культурная рэвалюцыя, «зялёная рэвалюцыя», дэмаграфічная рэвалюцыя, і палітычная - сацыяльная рэвалюцыя, палітычная рэвалюцыя), у навуцы («навуковая рэвалюцыя» (тэрмін уведзены ў зварот Томасам С. Кунам) - фізіцы, біялогіі, медыцыне, філасофіі, касмалогіі і тэхніцы. Таксама выкарыстоўваецца тэрмін «навукова-тэхнічная рэвалюцыя». У прынцыпе, рэвалюцыя (як і эвалюцыя) можа адбыцца ў любой сферы.

Літаратура

  • Ollman B. Social and Sexual Revolution. Essayes on Marx and Reich. Boston: South End Press, 1979. — ISBN 0-89608-080-3
  • Brinton C. C. The Anatomy of Revolution. N.Y., 1957.
  • Frankl G. The Failure of the Sexual Revolution. L.: Open Gate Press, 2003. — ISBN 1-871871-61-1
  • Marquez P. Reforma o revolución. Caracas: La muralla, 1968.
  • Urbano Rodrigues M. Da resistência à revolução. Lisboa: Edições «Avante!», 1975.
  • Kenney P. A Carnival of Revolution. Central Europe 1989. Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press, 2003. ISBN 0-691-11627-X

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