Malasia Oriental

Mapa de Malasia. Reparar la Malasia Oriental a la derecha y Malasia Peninsular a la izquierda.
La isla de Borneo, con Malasia Oriental en naranxa.

Malasia Oriental o Malasia del Este o Borneo Malayu ye'l territoriu insular perteneciente al reinu de Malasia alcontráu al norte de la islla de Borneo, nel mar de China. Malasia Oriental consta de los estaos de Sabah y Sarawak. Anque Malasia Oriental atópase relativamente menos poblada y menos desenvuelta que la Malasia Peninsular, la so estensión ye mayor y tien un mayor grau de recursos naturales, que son principalmente reserves de petroleu y gas.

Xeografía

Nesi sentíu, l'estáu de Sarawak contién les Cueves de Mulu emplazadas dientro del Parque Nacional Gunung Mulu (declaráu Patrimoniu de la Humanidá en 2001). Destaca ente elles la cueva de piedra caliar cola cámara más grande del mundu, la cámara de Sarawak. Pela so parte Sabah cuenta col Monte Kinabalu, tamién declaráu Patrimoniu de la Humanidá y la islla de Sipadan importante polos sos recursos marinos.

Historia

Tanto l'estáu de Sarawak como'l de Sabah fueron, enantes a la so anexón a Malasia en 1957, colonies britániques. El respaldu ciudadanu a la unión de dambos estaos a Malasia, nun se produció sicasí sinón hasta 1963, afalaos en parte pola inclusión de Singapur al reinu, anque darréu Singapur sería espulsada en 1965. Amás esistieron intentos d'anexonar Brunéi xunto a estos dos estados pero la iniciativa non fructificó de la mano de la denomada Rebelión de Brunéi.

Los estaos de Sabah y Sarawak caltuvieron históricamente un mayor grau de gobiernu llocal y autonomía llexislativa en comparanza con otros estaos de Malasia Occidental. Por casu, los dos estaos dixebraron los controles d'inmigración, esto supón la esixencia a los ciudadanos de la parte continental de Malasia de llevar pasaportes o documentos d'identidá cuando se visita a Malasia Oriental. Amás, los habitantes de Malasia Oriental amuésense ronciegos a perder les sos llingües natives en favor del malayu, la llingua nacional, y siguen calteniendo les sos distintes traces culturales.

La islla de Labuan foi parte de Sabah hasta 1984, cuando foi incluyida nun territoriu federal, alministráu pol gobiernu federal. Anguaño na islla de Labuan establezse un centru de servicios financieros estraterritoriales, col so propiu sistema fiscal y d'aduanes.

Referencies

Enllaces esternos

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