Idioma chortí

Chortí
'Ch'orti
Faláu en  Guatemala
 Hondures
 El Salvador (estinguíu)
Rexón Chiquimula
Falantes ~30.010
Puestu Non nos 100 mayores (Ethnologue 1996)
Familia Llingües mayenses

   Choleano-Tzeltaleano
    Chol
     Chortí
      Chortí

Alfabetu Alfabetu llatín
Estatus oficial
Oficial en Nengún país. Reconocíu como llingua nacional en Guatemala.[1][2]
Reguláu por L'Academia de Llingües Mayes de Guatemala
Códigos
ISO 639-1 nengún
ISO 639-2 myn
ISO 639-3 caa

El chortí o ch'orti' ye una llingua mayense falada pola población chortí, principalmente nos conceyos de Jocotán y Camotán nel departamentu de Chiquimula, Guatemala. Tien los sos raigaños nel idioma chol. En tiempos prehispánicos tamién foi faláu nel occidente d'Hondures y nel norte d'El Salvador, pero na actualidá ye casi estinguíu nestos dos países. De los 4,200 chortí n'Hondures, quedaron namái 10 falantes del idioma chortí en 1997.[3][4] El grupu cholano de la familia de llingües mayenses ye consideráu como un conxuntu de llingües bastante conservadores. Sostúvose qu'esta llingua, xunto col chontal y el chol, taría rellacionada col idioma maya clásicu utilizada na antigua escritura maya del periodu clásicu.[5]

Historia prehispánica

Mapa de les civilizaciones indigenas d'El Salvador y los sos reinos:      Reinu de los Lenca      Reinu de los Cacaopera      Reinos del Pueblu xinca      Reinu de Maya Poqomam (etnia)      Reindo de los Maya Chortís      Reindo del Idioma alagüilac      Reinu del Pueblu mixe      Reinu del Idioma mangue      Reinu de los Pipil

Pa principios del sieglu XVI los chortís entamar nuna confederación conocida como reinu o señoríu Payaquí.[6] Mientres la conquista española fueron lideraos por Copán Galel quien presentó resistencia na actual Copán Ruines n'Hondures y darréu en Citalá (El Salvador), siendo nesta postrera ganáu colo cual aceptó la rindición y la evanxelización.[7]

Ver tamién

Referencies

  1. Congresu de la República de Guatemala. «Decreto Númberu 19-2003. Llei d'Idiomes Nacionales». ALMG. Archiváu dende l'orixinal, el 29 d'abril de 2009. Consultáu'l 22 de xunu de 2009.
  2. «Proyeutu de Reformes a la Constitución Política» (castellanu). Base de Datos Políticos de les Amériques (Llunes 26 d'ochobre de 1998). Consultáu'l 21 de xunetu de 2006. La Consulta Popular realizóse'l 16 de mayu de 1999. Les Reformes Constitucionales nun fueron aprobaes pol pueblu.
  3. Error de cita: La etiqueta <ref> nun ye válida; nun se conseñó testu pa les referencies nomaes ethnologue
  4. Fhis Los Chortis Archiváu 2008-04-08 en Wayback Machine, Consultáu'l 31 de xunetu de 2009
  5. Houston, S., O. Chinchilla, Stuart D. "The Decipherment of Ancient Maya Writing", O. of Oklahoma Press, 2001.
  6. Chiquimula Online Oríxenes de Chiquimula, consultáu'l 31 de xunetu de 2009
  7. Fuercia Armada d'El Salvador Historia de la Fuercia Armada: Fuercies Armaes Medievales, consultáu'l 31 de xunetu de 2009

Bibliografía

  • Houston, SD, J. Robertson, y DS Stuart, The Language of Classic Maya Inscriptions, Antropoloxía actual 41:321-356 (2000).
  • Hull, Kerry M, (2003). Verbal art and performance in Ch'orti' and Maya hieroglyphic writing electronic resource. Disertación doctoral, Universidá de Texas n'Austin. Disponible en http://hdl.handle.net/2152/1240

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