Zuénoula Department was created in 1980 as first-level subdivision via a split-off from Bouaflé Department.[4] In 1991, regions were introduced as new first-level subdivisions of Ivory Coast;[5] as a result, all departments were converted into second-level subdivisions. Zuénoula Department was included in Centre-Ouest Region. In 1996, this region was split in two and Zuénoula Department was transferred to the Bouaflé Region,[6] renamed Marahoué Region in 1997.[7]
In 2011, districts were introduced as new first-level subdivisions of Ivory Coast. At the same time, regions were reorganised and became second-level subdivisions and all departments were converted into third-level subdivisions. At this time, Zuénoula Department remained part of the retained Marahoué Region in the new Sassandra-Marahoué District.