Transua Department was created in 2008 as a second-level subdivision via a split-off from Tanda Department.[4] At its creation, it was part of Zanzan Region.
In 2011, districts were introduced as new first-level subdivisions of Ivory Coast. At the same time, regions were reorganised and became second-level subdivisions and all departments were converted into third-level subdivisions. At this time, Transua Department became part of Gontougo Region in Zanzan District.