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Zhang Wannian
Zhang Wannian
张万年
Vice Chairman of the Central Military Commission
	In office; Party Commission: ; 28 September 1995 – 15 November 2002 ; State Commission: ; December 1995 – 5 March 2003 Serving with Liu Huaqing, Zhang Zhen, Chi Haotian and Hu Jintao
Chairman	Jiang Zemin
Personal details
Born	1 August 1928; Longkou, Shandong, China
Died	14 January 2015 (aged 86); Beijing, China
Political party	Chinese Communist Party
Spouse	Zhong Peizhao
Military service
Allegiance	People's Republic of China
Branch/service	People's Liberation Army Ground Force
Years of service	1944–2003
Rank	General
Battles/wars	Sino-Vietnamese border war; Chinese Civil War; Korean War
Awards	Order of Liberation (3rd Class; 1955)
Chinese name
Traditional Chinese	張萬年
Simplified Chinese	张万年
Hanyu Pinyin
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin	Zhāng Wànnián
Wade–Giles	Chang Wan-nien

Zhang Wannian (Chinese: 张万年; 1 August 1928 – 14 January 2015) was a general of the People's Liberation Army (PLA) of the People's Republic of China.^[1]

Biography

Zhang Wannian was born in Huang County (now Longkou), Shandong Province of China on 1 August 1928.^[1]^[2]

He joined the Eighth Route Army in August 1944^[3] and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in August 1945.^[1]

From 1958 to 1961, he studied in the preparatory and basic department at the Nanjing Military Academy of PLA.^[1] From 1962-1966, he was the head of the 367th regiment, affiliated to the 123rd division of 41st Army. From 1966-1968, he was the vice director in the battle department in the headquarters of Guangzhou Military Region. From 1968-1978, he was the head of the 127th division of the 43rd Army. From 1978-1981, he was the vice head of the 43rd Army and head of the 127th Division. He was studying at PLA Military Academy from 1978-79. He led the 127th Division of the 43rd Corps during the 1979 Sino-Vietnamese border war. It was reported that due to combat success of the 127th Division in inflicting massive casualties on Vietnamese forces during the war, Vietnam sought to capture Zhang alive. From 1981-82, he was the head of 43rd Corps. From 1982-85, he was the vice commander in Wuhan Military Region.^[4]^[5]

From 1985-87, he was the vice commander of Guangzhou Military Region, and became the commander and vice secretary of CCP's committee there in 1987 till 1990. From 1990-92, he was the commander of Jinan Military Region, and vice secretary of CCP committee there.^[6]

In 1992, he became a member of CCP's Central Military Commission (CMC) and the director as well as the secretary of the party of the General Staff Department of PLA. In September 1995, he was elevated to vice-Chairman of the CMC, along with Chi Haotian. As expected, both were elected as the executive vice Chairmen of the CMC at the 15th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party. He was soon promoted to the Politburo as well as the CCP Secretariat. He attended the handover ceremony in Hong Kong in 1997 as the sole senior military representative (Vice-Chairman of the Central Military Commission), indicating his preeminent position in the military.^[1]

He was a deputy to CCP's 9th National Congress, and an alternative member of 12th and 13th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party. He became a member of the 14th and 15th CCP Central Committees, and a Politburo member and Secretary of the Secretariat in 15th Central Committee.^[1]

He was awarded Third-Class Liberation Medal, and has achieved Great Honors five times.^[1] When he visited Pakistan in September 1993, he was awarded a military medal by the President.^[4]

He was promoted to lieutenant general in September 1988, and to general in June 1993.^[1] He retired in 2003.^[4]

He was married to Zhong Peizhao (钟佩昭).^[4]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h "Biography of Zhang Wannian". China Vitae. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 16 April 2011.
^ "张万年:解放战争中两次把负伤首长背出火线(图)-中新网".
^ "Hawkish top PLA general Zhang Wannian dies, aged 87". South China Morning Post. Retrieved 2017-11-07.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "张万年簡歷". 新華网. 16 January 2002. Archived from the original on October 3, 2003.
^ "Tướng TQ Trương Vạn Niên qua đời". BBC. 2015-01-16. Retrieved 2023-11-21.
^ "Zhang Wannian: A Political Biography" (PDF).

Military offices
Preceded by You Taizhong	Commander of the Guangzhou Military Region 1987–1990	Succeeded by Zhu Dunfa
Preceded by Li Jiulong	Commander of the Jinan Military Region 1990–1992	Succeeded by Zhang Taiheng
Preceded by Chi Haotian	Head of PLA General Staff Department 1992–1995	Succeeded by Fu Quanyou