Whitewood, Saskatchewan

Whitewood
Whitewood Station
Town
Main Street, Whitewood, 1913
Main Street, Whitewood, 1913
Whitewood is located in Saskatchewan
Whitewood
Whitewood
Whitewood is located in Canada
Whitewood
Whitewood
Coordinates: 50°19′52″N 102°16′11″W / 50.33111°N 102.26972°W / 50.33111; -102.26972
CountryCanada
ProvinceSaskatchewan
Census division5
Rural Municipality (RM)Willowdale No. 153
Post office founded1883-11-09
Incorporated Town1892
Named forWhite Poplar (Populus alba) Whitewood tree
Government
 • MayorRhett Parks
 • Governing bodyWhitewood Town Council
 • Member of legislative assemblyKevin Weedmark
 • Member of ParliamentRobert Kitchen
Area
 • Total
3.04 km2 (1.17 sq mi)
Elevation
598.30 m (1,962.93 ft)
Population
 (2021)[1]
 • Total
944
 • Density312.0/km2 (808/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC-6 (CST (UTC))
Postal code
S0G 5C0
Area code306
List of Saskatchewan provincial highwaysSk Hwy 1, Sk Hwy 9
Websitewww.townofwhitewood.ca
[2][3][4]

Whitewood is a town in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. It is approximately 175 kilometres (109 mi) east of Regina on the Trans-Canada Highway Sk Hwy 1. It is situated at the crossroads of two major highways systems — the Trans-Canada, which runs east and west, and Sk Hwy 9, which runs north and south from the US border to Hudson Bay, Saskatchewan. It is located midway between Brandon, Manitoba and Regina.[5]

It is administrative headquarters of the First Nations band governments of the Ochapowace and the Chachacas Cree.

History

Cattle, horses, and sheep were all rounded up for market day in Whitewood, 1901

Before the settlement of the west, Whitewood began as a crossing of trails between the Qu'Appelle Valley to the north and the Moose Mountains to the south. The Hudson's Bay Company trading post was established about the fall of 1891 to approximately the spring of 1906.[6]: 34, 35 

With the settlement of the west and the coming of the Trans-Continental railway, Whitewood quickly grew into a thriving community. The CPR naming was derived from the White Poplar (Populus alba), a deciduous tree with white bark, which was plentiful in the area.[7]

By 1882, the town of Whitewood, Provisional District of Assiniboia, North-West Territories was a major stop on the Canadian Pacific Railway. The town grew steadily from that time and was incorporated as a town in 1892.[5] An interesting note is that while the Town Seal has "Incorporated 1893" on it the actual incorporation took place on 30 December 1892.

Whitewood residential street in the 1910s
The Whitewood band, including some of the French aristocrats from St. Hubert, previously La Rolanderie, 1904

Settlers from many lands came to the area and the multi-national character of the community is seen in the names of the residents. The first Finnish settlement in the west, New Finland is located here, and Hungarians, Swedes, Germans, Poles, Russians, Czechs, English, Scottish and Irish, also made Whitewood their destination in the new world.[8] To quote a prominent writer of that period, and resident of Whitewood John Hawkes, "Whitewood was in the eighties (1880s) the most cosmopolitan point in the west. It came to be a saying that one should know eleven languages to do business in Whitewood."[8] Hawkes penned Saskatchewan and Its People in three volumes.[5][9]

One of the most unusual and glamorous settlements was that of the French Counts of St Hubert, Saskatchewan. Headed by the educated Dr Rudolph Meyer, this group of Belgian and French aristocrats aimed to build a life on the Canadian prairies in the style of the French nobility in Europe.[5] Annually the Counts booked the Whitewood Commercial Hotel for the Frenchman's Ball. "Many pretty dresses of the style of the late eighties were in evidence, souvenirs perhaps of better days across the sea. The vivacious Frenchwomen of gentle birth and breeding in fashionable décolleté gowns and jeweled neck and arms lent an air of distinction in spite of the incongruity of the crude setting".[10]

Remains of this settlement still exist and many residents of the community are proud of their connection to the Most Romantic Settlement in the West.[11]

Geography

Three-metre snow drifts lined the sidewalks in Whitewood, 1904

Whitewood is located in the north eastern section of the topographical area named Wood Hills to the north of Moose Mountain and south of the Qu'Appelle River.[6]: 90, 91  Whitewood is situated in the Melville Plain of the Aspen Parkland ecoregion.[6]: 160 

Burrows, Clayridge, Forest Farm, St. Luke, and St. Hubert Mission are small unincorporated areas near Whitewood. The Ochapowace (Ochapowace) Indian Reserve is nearby.[12]

Climate

Whitewood has a humid continental climate, with extreme seasonal temperatures. It has warm summers and cold winters, with the average daily temperatures ranging from −16.5 °C (2.3 °F) in January to 18.2 °C (64.8 °F) in July. Annually, temperatures exceed 30 °C (86 °F) on an average in late July Typically, summer lasts from late June until late August, and the humidity is seldom uncomfortably high. Winter lasts from November to March, and varies greatly in length and severity. Spring and autumn are both short and highly variable. On 5 July 1937 an extreme high of 41.1 °C (106.0 °F) was recorded, and on 12 January 1916, a record low of −45.6 °C (−50.1 °F).[13]

Climate data for Weyburn
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 9.5
(49.1) 		12.2
(54.0) 		20.6
(69.1) 		32.2
(90.0) 		37.8
(100.0) 		40.6
(105.1) 		41.1
(106.0) 		38.0
(100.4) 		36.7
(98.1) 		29.5
(85.1) 		22.5
(72.5) 		13.0
(55.4) 		41.1
(106.0)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) −11.0
(12.2) 		−7.1
(19.2) 		−0.9
(30.4) 		9.4
(48.9) 		17.6
(63.7) 		22.0
(71.6) 		24.7
(76.5) 		23.7
(74.7) 		17.5
(63.5) 		10.3
(50.5) 		−1.2
(29.8) 		−8.6
(16.5) 		8.0
(46.4)
Daily mean °C (°F) −16.5
(2.3) 		−12.3
(9.9) 		−6.1
(21.0) 		3.5
(38.3) 		11.0
(51.8) 		15.6
(60.1) 		18.2
(64.8) 		16.9
(62.4) 		11.2
(52.2) 		4.6
(40.3) 		−5.7
(21.7) 		−13.5
(7.7) 		2.3
(36.1)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −21.9
(−7.4) 		−17.4
(0.7) 		−11.1
(12.0) 		−2.4
(27.7) 		4.4
(39.9) 		9.3
(48.7) 		11.6
(52.9) 		10.1
(50.2) 		4.9
(40.8) 		−1.2
(29.8) 		−10.3
(13.5) 		−18.4
(−1.1) 		−3.5
(25.7)
Record low °C (°F) −45.6
(−50.1) 		−44.4
(−47.9) 		−44.4
(−47.9) 		−27.8
(−18.0) 		−13.0
(8.6) 		−4.4
(24.1) 		0.0
(32.0) 		−3.0
(26.6) 		−12.8
(9.0) 		−25.6
(−14.1) 		−37.0
(−34.6) 		−41.0
(−41.8) 		−45.6
(−50.1)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 26.0
(1.02) 		19.5
(0.77) 		29.1
(1.15) 		26.8
(1.06) 		55.0
(2.17) 		80.8
(3.18) 		72.3
(2.85) 		68.9
(2.71) 		51.8
(2.04) 		28.3
(1.11) 		21.4
(0.84) 		26.8
(1.06) 		506.6
(19.94)
Source: Environment Canada[14]

Demographics

Historical Population
YearPop.±%
1901 359—    
1906 501+39.6%
1911 447−10.8%
1916446−0.2%
1996 985+120.9%
2001947−3.9%
2006869−8.2%
[15][16][17]

In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Whitewood had a population of 944 living in 411 of its 479 total private dwellings, a change of 9.5% from its 2016 population of 862. With a land area of 3.93 km2 (1.52 sq mi), it had a population density of 240.2/km2 (622.1/sq mi) in 2021.[18]

Canada census – Whitewood, Saskatchewan community profile
2011
Population950 (9.3% from 2006)
Land area3.04 km2 (1.17 sq mi)
Population density312.0/km2 (808/sq mi)
Median age47.4 (M: 44.8, F: 50.1)
Private dwellings474 (total) 
Median household income
References: 2011[19] earlier[20][21]

Government

Whitewood town hall 1913

The town of Whitewood has a mayor as the highest ranking government official. The town also elects aldermen or councillors to form the municipal council. Currently the mayor is Rhett Parks, and is serving with councillors Donna Beutler, Chad Kelly, Chris Ashfield, Brian Waynert, Glenn Mantai, and Shawna Stradeski. The town administrator is Lisa Istace.[22]

Provincially, Whitewood is within the constituency of Moosomin served by their Member of legislative assembly, the honourable Stephen Bonk.[23]

Federally, the Souris—Moose Mountain riding is represented by their Member of Parliament, Robert Kitchen.[24]

Economy

Economically, Whitewood is situated in the Yorkton—Melville economic region.[4] Whitewood along with Broadview, Grenfell, Wolseley are all part of the Mainline Regional Economic Development Authority. REDA's stimulate economic growth in the local area as they are familiar with the inherent needs of the community and stimulate business and government investment resulting in job creation, tourism and recreational facilities.[25]

Infrastructure

Transportation

Whitewood Airport (TC LID: CKY2), is located adjacent to Whitewood.[26] Whitewood was established in the late 19th century on the Canadian Pacific Railway Trans-Continental railway. Currently, Whitewood is situated at the crossroads of two major highways systems — the Trans-Canada Highway Sk Hwy 1, which runs east and west, and Sk Hwy 9, which runs north and south from the US border to Hudson Bay, Saskatchewan.

Media

The Herald Sun is a weekly newspaper. Operating as the Whitewood Herald until 2015, the newspaper has been publishing since 1892, making it one of the oldest weekly newspapers in the province.[8][27] John Hawkes was the editor of the Whitewood Herald from 1897 to 1900.[8] Since 1955, the newspaper has been owned and operated by three different generations of the Ashfield family.

Museums and other points of interest

The Broadview Recreation Site is within 19 kilometres (12 mi) of Whitewood, and Spring Fountain Recreation Site is closer at 17 kilometres (11 mi).[12]

During Whitewood's centennial year of 1992, they collaborated on the history of the French Counts. The Merchant Bank Heritage Centre soon followed which also celebrates the French Count history and displays the welcoming sign The Most Romantic Settlement in the West.[10]

In the fall of 2002, economic development director Janet Blackstock along with Mayor Malcolm Green aimed to restore the homes built in the late 19th century by the French aristocrats and paint outside murals in Whitewood to re-vitalize the local history. One mural was painted in 2000 showing the town in 1890. The area of Whitewood claims that during the late 19th century, there were more aristocrats here than anywhere else in North America.[28]

See also

References

  1. ^ "2016 Community Profiles". Statistics Canada. Government of Canada. 3 May 2017.
  2. ^ National Archives, Archivia Net. "Post Offices and Postmasters". Retrieved 15 August 2014.
  3. ^ Government of Saskatchewan, MRD Home. "Municipal Directory System". Retrieved 15 August 2014.
  4. ^ a b "4705034 – Whitewood, geographical codes and localities, 2006". Standard Geographical Classification (SGC) 2006. Statistics Canada. 16 January 2007. Archived from the original on 6 July 2011. Retrieved 14 June 2009.
  5. ^ a b c d "Town of Whitewood – History of Whitewood". Archived from the original on 19 June 2009. Retrieved 14 June 2009.
  6. ^ a b c Fung, Kai-iu (1999). Barry, Bill; Wilson, Michael (eds.). Atlas of Saskatchewan Celebrating the Millennium (Millennium ed.). Saskatchewan: University of Saskatchewan. ISBN 0-88880-387-7.
  7. ^ Barry, Bill (2005). Geographic Names of Saskatchewan. Regina, SK: People Places Publishing Ltd. ISBN 1-897010-19-2.
  8. ^ a b c d McLennan, David (2006). "Whitewood". Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan. Canadian Plains Research Center University of Regina. Retrieved 14 June 2009.
  9. ^ Hawkes, John (1924). "Saskatchewan and its People" (published online 15 June 2005). published online by Saskatchewan Gen Web. Julia Adamson. Retrieved 14 June 2009.
  10. ^ a b Sullivan, Kristian (6–11 January 2009). "The French Counts of St. Hubert: Local History as Social Commentary" (PDF). Paper presented at the Society for Historical Archaeology Annual Meeting Toronto Ontario. Paper. Department of Archaeology and Anthropology University of Saskatchewan. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 June 2010. Retrieved 23 June 2009.
  11. ^ Grade 7 class at Henry Kelsey Public School (1975). E.T. Russell (ed.). What's in a Name?. Saskatoon: Western Producer Prairie Books. ISBN 0-919306-39-X.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  12. ^ a b "Querying Geographical Names of Canada – Query by name". Natural resources Canada. 28 December 2007. Retrieved 15 June 2009. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)[permanent dead link‍]
  13. ^ "Canadian Climate Normals 1971–2000". Environment Canada.[permanent dead link‍]
  14. ^ Environment Canada – Canadian Climate Normals 1971-2000—Canadian Climate Normals 1971–2000. Retrieved 27 December 2010
  15. ^ "2006 Community Profiles". Statistics Canada. Government of Canada. 24 July 2008. Retrieved 28 September 2008.
  16. ^ "2001 Community Profiles". Statistics Canada. Government of Canada. 1 February 2007. Archived from the original on 11 February 2016. Retrieved 28 September 2008.
  17. ^ Taché, J. de Labroquerie (print version); Adamson, Julia (online version) (17 October 2000) [1918]. "Census of Prairie Provinces Population and Agriculture Manitoba Saskatchewan Alberta". Ottawa: Printer to the King's Most Excellent Majesty: Table 3 Towns page 121 Alameda, Sk to Watson, Sk. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  18. ^ "Population and dwelling counts: Canada, provinces and territories, census divisions and census subdivisions (municipalities), Saskatchewan". Statistics Canada. 9 February 2022. Retrieved 1 April 2022.
  19. ^ "2011 Community Profiles". 2011 Canadian census. Statistics Canada. 21 March 2019. Retrieved 23 December 2012.
  20. ^ "2006 Community Profiles". 2006 Canadian census. Statistics Canada. 20 August 2019.
  21. ^ "2001 Community Profiles". 2001 Canadian census. Statistics Canada. 18 July 2021.
  22. ^ Government of Saskatchewan, MRD Home. "Municipal Directory System". Archived from the original on 21 November 2008. Retrieved 8 May 2009.
  23. ^ Canadian Textiles Institute. (2005). "CTI Determine your provincial constituency". Archived from the original on 11 September 2007. Retrieved 8 May 2009.
  24. ^ Commissioner of Canada Elections, Chief Electoral Officer of Canada (2005). "Elections Canada On-line". Retrieved 8 May 2009.
  25. ^ "MacKinnon praises Mainline REDA for their successes". About Government/News Releases/February 1999/. Government of Saskatchewan. February 1999. Retrieved 15 June 2009.
  26. ^ Canada Flight Supplement. Effective 0901Z 16 July 2020 to 0901Z 10 September 2020.
  27. ^ "Herald Sun". Retrieved 14 June 2009.
  28. ^ "Prairie town looks to the past to save its future". CBC News. 5 October 2002. Retrieved 23 June 2009.
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