Waiatarua Reserve

Waiatarua Reserve
The Waiatarua Reserve wetlands in 2023
Map
TypePublic park
LocationAuckland, New Zealand
Coordinates36°53′03″S 174°49′32″E / 36.88422°S 174.82556°E / -36.88422; 174.82556
Area20 ha (49 acres)[1]
Operated byAuckland Council
StatusOpen year round

The Waiatarua Reserve is a nature reserve on the eastern Auckland isthmus in New Zealand, close to the suburbs of Remuera, Meadowbank and St Johns. Originally the site of a freshwater lake, Waiatarua was drained in 1929. Since 1987, the reserve has been redeveloped as an urban wetland, and is currently the largest urban wetland restoration project in New Zealand.

Geology

Lake Waiatarua in 1918
The former lake-site in 1946, showing the Remuera Golf Course

Lake Waiatarua formed after the eruption of Maungarei / Mount Wellington, when a lava flow blocked the flow of a river valley which flowed into the Tāmaki River, approximately 9,000 years ago.[2][3]

Biodiversity

Since reforestation efforts began, birdlife has returned to the area, including tūī, riroriro and pīwakawaka. Species of native eel can be found at the reserve, as well as native New Zealand red admiral butterflies.[1]

History

The traditional Tāmaki Māori name for the lake, Waiatarua, means the "Waters of Reflection".[2] The lake was an important freshwater resource for Ngāti Whātua Ōrākei, prior to European settlement.[4] During the early colonial period of New Zealand, it was named Lake St John.[2]

The land adjoining the lake was acquired by Bishop Selwyn in 1851, as a part of the grounds of the St John's College.[3] In the 1870s, it was proposed as a source for drinking water for the city of Auckland, however this plan did not eventuate.[3]

In 1908 the Waiatarua Drainage Board was formed, intending to drain the swamplands around the lake,[3] despite wide public opposition to the plan.[2] A tunnel was constructed underneath Remuera Road, in order to drain the lake into the Ōrākei Basin, which was completed by 1929.[3][2] The tunnel led to the lake disappearing, and filled the Ōrākei Basin with considerable amounts of silt.[1] In 1934, the Remuera Golf Club was established on leased land to the east of the site of the drained lake.[5][3]

In 1987, the reserve was developed into an artificial wetland.[2] It is currently the largest wetland restoration project in New Zealand,[6] and in 2006 Auckland City won the Arthur Mead Environmental Award due to the restoration efforts.[3]

References

  1. ^ a b c Janssen, Peter (January 2021). Greater Auckland Walks. New Holland Publishers. p. 97. ISBN 978-1-86966-516-6. OL 34023249W. Wikidata Q118136068.
  2. ^ a b c d e f Cameron, Ewen; Hayward, Bruce; Murdoch, Graeme (2008). A Field Guide to Auckland: Exploring the Region's Natural and Historical Heritage (Revised ed.). Random House New Zealand. p. 224. ISBN 978-1-86962-1513.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g Ōrākei Local Board (December 2019). "Waiatarua Reserve Enhancement Plan" (PDF). Auckland Council. Retrieved 1 September 2021.
  4. ^ Ngāti Whātua Ōrākei (2018). "Te Pou o Kāhu Pōkere Iwi Management Plan for Ngāti Whātua Ōrākei 2018" (PDF). Environmental Protection Authority. Retrieved 22 September 2022.
  5. ^ "About Us". Remuera Golf Club. Retrieved 22 September 2022.
  6. ^ "About Waiatarua Reserve". Auckland Council. Retrieved 22 September 2022.

Read other articles:

Formula 4 Britania Raya

Formula 4 Britania RayaKategoriSingle seatersNegara atau daerahBritania RayaMusim pertama2015KonstruktorMygalePemasok mesinFord EcoBoostPemasok banHankookJuara pembalap Jamie CarolineSitus webmsaformula.com Musim saat ini Formula 4 Britania Raya atau Formula 4 Inggris (nama resmi kejuaraan F4 British Championship certified by FIA — powered by Ford) merupakan sebuah ajang balap mobil roda terbuka kelas Formula 4 yang diselenggarakan di Britania Raya. Ajang balap ini ditujukan untuk para pemb...

 

Cottaer Spitzberg

Basalt dome in Germany Cottaer SpitzbergView of the Cottaer Spitzberg from the northeastHighest pointElevation390.8 m above sea level (HN) (1,282 ft)Coordinates50°53′56″N 13°58′12″E / 50.89889°N 13.97°E / 50.89889; 13.97GeographyCottaer SpitzbergFreistaat Sachsen, Germany Parent rangeSaxon SwitzerlandGeologyMountain typeCone mountainType of rockTrachyte-basalt The Cottaer Spitzberg is a 390.8 m high basalt dome on the western edge o...

 

Nuoto

NuotoUn nuotatore agonistico che pratica lo stile liberoFederazioneWorld Aquatics ContattoNo GenereFemminile e maschile Indoor/outdoorIndoor e outdoor Campo di giocoPiscina, mari, oceani, laghi, fiumi Olimpicodal 1896 ManualeUn padre che abitua la sua bambina alla piscina Il nuoto, cioè l'azione del nuotare, è un'attività individuale che permette all'essere umano di muoversi nell'acqua senza alcuna forza propulsiva diversa dalla propria energia corporea. Comprende, tra le attività umane, ...

Erosi

Erosi di Amerika Serikat. Erosi di Israel. Erosi atau pengikisan[1] (dari bahasa Latin erosionem menggerogoti) adalah suatu peristiwa yang terjadi secara alami oleh pengikisan padatan (endapan, tanah, batuan, dan partikel lainnya) akibat transportasi oleh angin, tanah dan material lain di bawah pengaruh gravitasi[2] atau oleh makhluk hidup semisal hewan yang membuat liang atau pertumbuhan akar tanaman yang mengakibatkan retakan tanah yang dalam hal ini disebut bioerosi.[3&...

 

Garage door opener

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Garage door opener – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (April 2015) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) A residential garage door opener. The motor is in the box on the upper-right. A garage door opener is a motorized device that open...

 

Daftar basilika di Luksemburg

Basilika Santo Wilibrordus di Biara Echternach, Echternach Ini adalah daftar basilika di Luksemburg. Katolik Daftar basilika Gereja Katolik di Luksemburg[1]: Basilika Santo Wilibrordus di Biara Echternach, Echternach Lihat juga Gereja Katolik Roma Gereja Katolik di Luksemburg Daftar katedral di Luksemburg Daftar basilika Biara Echternach Referensi ^ Basilika di seluruh dunia lbsDaftar basilika di EropaNegaraberdaulat Albania Andorra Armenia1 Austria Azerbaijan1 Belanda Belarus Belgia ...

Associazione Del Calcio Di Vicenza 1922-1923

Voce principale: Vicenza Calcio. Associazione Del Calcio Di VicenzaStagione 1922-1923Sport calcio SquadraVicenza Calcio Allenatore Franz Sedlacek Presidente Riccardo Sebellin Seconda Divisione7º posto nel Girone E di Seconda Divisione (Retrocesso in Terza Divisione dopo aver perso lo spareggio a Ferrara contro il Grion Pola) 1921-1922 1923-1924 Si invita a seguire il modello di voce Stagione Lo stesso argomento in dettaglio: Storia del Vicenza Calcio. In questa stagione il Vicenza retrocede...

 

Tisha B'Av

Tisha B'AvHancurnya Bait Allah di YerusalemNama resmiTanggal 69 bulan Abbahasa Ibrani: תשעה באב bahasa Inggris: Ninth of AvDirayakan olehOrang YahudiJenisHari Keagamaan dan Hari Nasional YahudiMaknaKehancuran Bait Suci dan bencana yang menimpa orang-orang YahudiKegiatanpuasa, doaTanggal69 bulan Ab (kalau jatuh pada hari Sabat, diganti tanggal 69 Ab)Tahun 2024date missing (please add)Terkait denganPuasa pada tanggal 00 Tevet dan 97 Tammuz, Peringatan 343 Minggu dan Peringatan 9 Har...

 

Navikula

Sebuah navikula yang berisi dupa Navikula (disebut juga Wadah Dupa) adalah bejana tempat menyimpan serbuk dupa yang akan dipakai di turibulum. Dalam penggunaannya, navikula tidak pernah terpisah dari turibulum. lbsLiturgi dalam Gereja KatolikUpacara liturgi Perayaan Ekaristi Baptis Ibadat harian Phos Hilaron Perarakan Misa Arwah Adorasi Ekaristi Kidung Gregorian Peralatan liturgi Piala Patena Sibori Krisma Monstrans Cruet Turibulum Navikula Aspersorium Aspergilum Lonceng altar Pax Tintinnabul...

List of Indian state trees

India, officially the Republic of India is a country in South Asia. It is made up of 28 states and 8 union territories. All Indian states have their own government and the Union territories come under the jurisdiction of the Central Government. As most of the other countries India too has a national emblem—the Lion Capital of Sarnath. Apart from India's national emblem, each of its States and Union Territories have their own state seals and symbols which include state animals, birds, trees...

 

Environmental education in the United States

Education in the United States This article uses bare URLs, which are uninformative and vulnerable to link rot. Please consider converting them to full citations to ensure the article remains verifiable and maintains a consistent citation style. Several templates and tools are available to assist in formatting, such as reFill (documentation) and Citation bot (documentation). (June 2022) (Learn how and when to remove this message) This article is part of a series onEducation in theUnited State...

 

Milkha Singh

Indian athlete (1929–2021) For the Indian Test cricketer, see A. G. Milkha Singh. Milkha SinghSingh in 2012Personal informationNicknameThe Flying SikhNationalityIndianBorn(1929-11-20)20 November 1929Govindpura, Punjab, British India (now Punjab, Pakistan)Died18 June 2021(2021-06-18) (aged 91)Chandigarh, IndiaOccupationAthleteEmployer(s)Retired; formerly of the Indian Army and Government of Punjab, IndiaSpouse Nirmal Saini ​ ​(m. 1963; died 2021)...

Associazione Calcio Femminile Marmi Trani 80 1983

Voce principale: Associazione Calcio Femminile Trani 80. A.C.F. Marmi Trani 80Stagione 1983Sport calcio Squadra Marmi Trani 80 Allenatore Santino Barbato Presidente Antonio Gusmai Serie A2º posto. Coppa ItaliaVincitore Maggiori presenzeCampionato: 7 calciatrici (22)Totale: Marrazza, Russo e Sánchez (30) Miglior marcatoreCampionato: Sánchez (19)Totale: Sánchez (26) 1982 1984 Si invita a seguire il modello di voce Questa voce raccoglie le informazioni riguardanti l'Associazione Calcio...

 

乔冠华

乔冠华 中华人民共和国外交部部长 中国人民对外友好协会顾问 任期1974年11月—1976年12月总理周恩来 → 华国锋前任姬鹏飞继任黄华 个人资料性别男出生(1913-03-28)1913年3月28日 中華民國江蘇省盐城县逝世1983年9月22日(1983歲—09—22)（70歲） 中华人民共和国北京市籍贯江蘇鹽城国籍 中华人民共和国政党 中国共产党配偶明仁（1940年病逝） 龚澎（1970年病逝） 章含�...

 

Spanish invasion of Portugal (1762)

Major campaign of the Seven Years' War See also: Anglo-Spanish War (1762–1763) See also: Fantastic War Spanish invasion of Portugal (1762)Part of the Fantastic WarWilliam, Count of Schaumburg-Lippe, generalissimus of the Anglo-Portuguese forces that thrice defeated the Spanish and French offensives against Portugal.Painting by Joshua Reynolds.Date5 May — 24 November, 1762LocationNorth and East Portugal, SpainResult Portuguese and English victory[Note A] Invasion thrice defeated[Note B] De...

County of Holland

Former State of the Holy Roman Empire and part of the Habsburg Netherlands (1091–1795) This article is about the State in the Netherlands abolished in 1795. For the administrative county in Lincolnshire, England abolished in 1974, see Parts of Holland. County of HollandComitatus Hollandiae (Latin)Graafschap Holland (Dutch)1091/1190–1431/1795 Coat of arms Motto: Vigilate Deo confidentes (Latin)Watch, trusting in GodThe County of Holland around 1350.StatusState of the Ho...

 

حادثة مكة 1987

حادثة مكة 1987 المتظاهرون في أحد الشوارع قرب الحرم المكي المعلومات البلد  السعودية الإحداثيات 21°26′07″N 39°49′45″E / 21.4353°N 39.8291°E / 21.4353; 39.8291   التاريخ 31 يوليو 1987 الخسائر الوفيات 402 الإصابات 649 تعديل مصدري - تعديل   أحداث حج مكة 1407هـ/1987م هي اشتباكات عنيفة وقعت في...

 

Perdagangan rempah

Jalur Sutra (merah) yang secara finansial penting dan rute perdagangan rempah-rempah (biru) diblokir oleh Kesultanan Utsmaniyah sekitar 1453 dengan jatuhnya Kekaisaran Bizantium, memacu eksplorasi yang awalnya termotivasi oleh temuan rute laut memutari Afrika dan memicu Zaman Penjelajahan. Perdagangan rempah mengacu pada perdagangan antara peradaban-peradaban bersejarah di Asia, Afrika Timur, dan Eropa. Rempah-rempah seperti kayu manis, cengkeh, kayu manis cina, kapulaga, jahe, dan kunyit sec...

Intrinsity

Semiconductor company IntrinsityFormerlyEVSXCompany typePrivateIndustrySemiconductorsFounded1997; 27 years ago (1997) in Austin, Texas, United StatesDefunctApril 2010 (2010-04)FateAcquired by Apple Inc.HeadquartersAustin , United States Websitewww.intrinsity.com  Intrinsity was a privately held Austin, Texas based fabless semiconductor company; it was founded in 1997 as EVSX on the remnants of Exponential Technology and changed its name to Intrinsity...

 

Shatter (EP)

2010 EP by TriptykonShatterEP by TriptykonReleased25 October 2010GenreBlack metal, death metal, doom metal, gothic metal, avant-garde metal[1]Length27:43LabelProwling Death, Century MediaProducerThomas Gabriel FischerTriptykon chronology Eparistera Daimones(2010) Shatter(2010) Melana Chasmata(2014) Professional ratingsReview scoresSourceRatingAbout.com[2]AllMusic[3] Shatter is an EP by Swiss extreme metal band Triptykon, released on 25 October 2010.[4]...