In Vietnamese history, the position of viceroy (總鎮; Tổng Trấn) existed for 30 years, during the reign of the Gia Long Emperor and the early years of the Minh Mạng Emperor of the Nguyễn dynasty. They were abolished by the Minh Mạng Emperor in 1831, and replaced with provincial governors.
Woodside, Alexander (1988). Vietnam and the Chinese model: a comparative study of Vietnamese and Chinese government in the first half of the nineteenth century. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. ISBN0-674-93721-X.
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