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Tlayúa Formation
Tlayúa Formation
Stratigraphic range: Albian PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Type	Geological formation
Sub-units	Lower, Middle and Upper Members
Underlies	Unconformity with Eocene-Oligocene Pie de Vaca Formation
Overlies	Orizaba Formation
Thickness	Lower: 50 m Middle: 35 m Upper: 40 m
Lithology
Primary	Limestone
Other	Mudstone
Location
Coordinates	19°06′N 98°12′W / 19.1°N 98.2°W
Approximate paleocoordinates	17°06′N 61°36′W / 17.1°N 61.6°W
Region	Puebla
Country	Mexico
Type section
Named for	Tlayúa Quarry
	Tlayúa Formation (Mexico)

The Tlayúa Formation is an Early Cretaceous (late Albian) geological formation near Tepexi de Rodríguez, Puebla.^[1]

Paleobiota

The formation contains a diverse array of vertebrate and invertebrate fossils. About 70% of the macrofossils are osteichthyan fish.^[2] Other vertebrates include chelonians, pterosaurs, lepidosaurs, and crocodiles.^[3] Cyanobacteria, foraminifera, algae, gymnosperms, sponges, cnidarians, annelids, gastropods, ammonites, bivalves, arachnids, insects, isopods, anomurans, brachyurans, crinoids, echinoids, holothuroids, stelleroids, and ophiuroids, have also been recovered from the Tlayúa Formation.^[3]^[4]^[5]

Lepidosaurs

Genus	Species	Notes
Huehuecuetzpalli	H. mixtecus	A primitive lizard
Pamizinsaurus	P. tlayuaensis	An osteoderm-covered sphenodontian
Ankylosphenodon^[6]	A. pachyostosus	An aquatic sphenodontian
Tepexisaurus^[7]	T. tepexii	A basal scincomorph

Fish

Mainly after González-Rodríguez (2016)^[8] and Applegate et al. (2006)^[9]

Other vertebrates

Testudines indet. (at least two taxa)
Pterosauria indet. (tentatively assigned as Nyctosaurus and Pteranodon)
Crododylia indet.

Arthropods

Mollusks

Inoceramus sp.
Pectinidae indet.
Osteridae indet.
Gastropoda indet.
Neohibolites minimus obtusus
Neohibolites minimus pinguis
Neohibolites minimus claviformis
Neohibolites praeultimus
Mesohibolites semicanaliculatus
Martoniceras sp.
Hysteroceras sp.
Anisoceras sp.

Echinoderms

Other invertebrates

Plants

References

^ Applegate, S. (1988). "A new genus and species of a holostean belonging to the family Ophiopsidae, Teoichthys kallistos, from the Cretaceous, near Tepexi de Rodriguez, Puebla" (PDF). Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas. 7 (2): 200–205.
^ Alvarado-Ortega J, González-Rodríguez KA, Blaco-Piñón A, Espinosa-Arrubarrena L, Ovalles-Damián E (2006). "Mesozoic Osteichthyans of Mexico". In Vega, FJ, TG Nyborg, MC Perrilliat, M. Montellano-Ballesteros, SRS Cevallos-Ferriz. (eds.). Studies on Mexican Paleontology, Topics on Geobiology 24. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Springer Verlag. pp. 169–207. ISBN 1402039859.
^ ^a ^b Vega FJ, Bruce NL, Serrano L, Bishop GA, Perrilliat MD (2005). "A review of the Lower Cretaceous (Tlayúa Formation: Albian) Crustacea from Tepexi de Rodríguez, Puebla, Central Mexico" (PDF). Bulletin of the Mizunami Fossil Museum (32): 25–30. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-06-12.
^ Buitrón-Sánchez, Blanca Estela; Durán-Gónzalez, Alicia; Martín-Cao-Romero, Carolina; Solís-Marín, Francisco Alonso; Laguarda-Figueras, Alfredo. "Lower Cretaceous (Albian) Asteroidea (Echinodermata) from Tepexi de Rodriguez, Puebla, Mexico". Revista de Biología Tropical. 63 (2): 7–15.
^ Solé, Jesús; Pi-Puig, Teresa; Bermúdez-Chávez, Cynthia; Garduño-Martínez, Diana; Alvarado-Ortega, Jesús (2022-12-05). "Mineralogy, geochemistry, and K-Ar dating of feldspars and clays from an exceptional Cretaceous fossil locality (Tlayúa, Puebla, Mexico): Insights into the depositional and diagenetic ages and processes". Chemical Geology. 612: 121134. doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2022.121134. ISSN 0009-2541.
^ Reynoso, V. H. (2000). "An Unusual Aquatic Sphenodontian (Reptilia: Diapsida) from the Tlayua Formation (Albian), Central Mexico". Journal of Paleontology. 74 (1): 133–148. doi:10.1017/S0022336000031310. JSTOR 1306891.
^ Vega, Francisco J.; Nyborg, Torrey G.; María del Carmen Perrilliat; Marisol Montellano-Ballesteros; Sergio R.S Cevallos-Ferriz; Sara A. Quiroz-Barroso (2006). "Research on Fossil Amphibians and Reptiles". In Landman, Neil H. (ed.). Studies on Mexican Paleontology. Vol. 24. Douglas S. Jones. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Springer. p. 214. ISBN 1-4020-3882-8. Retrieved 31 May 2011.
^ Rodríguez, Katia González; Fielitz, Christopher. "CRETACEOUS OSTEICHTHYAN FISH ASSEMBLAGES FROM MEXICO". Cretaceous Period: Biotic Diversity and Biogeography. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin. 71.
^ Applegate, Shelton P.; Espinosa-Arrubarrena, Luis; Alvarado-Ortega, Jesús; Benammi, Mouloud (2006), Vega, Francisco J.; Nyborg, Torrey G.; Perrilliat, María Del Carmen; Montellano-Ballesteros, Marisol (eds.), "Revision of Recent Investigations in the Tlayúa Quarry", Studies on Mexican Paleontology, Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, pp. 275–304, doi:10.1007/1-4020-3985-9_13, ISBN 978-1-4020-3985-0, retrieved 2024-07-16