Supiori Island

Supiori
	Supiori
Geography
Location	Melanesia; Oceania
Coordinates	0°45′S 135°30′E / 0.750°S 135.500°E
Archipelago	Schouten Islands
Area	514.49 km2 (198.65 sq mi)
Highest elevation	1,034 m (3392 ft)
Administration
	Indonesia
Province	Papua
Regency	Supiori
Demographics
Population	17,048 (2020 Census)
Pop. density	33/km2 (85/sq mi)
Additional information
Time zone	Indonesia Eastern Standard Time (UTC+09:00);

Supiori is an island of the Schouten Islands archipelago in Cenderawasih Bay, just west of Biak island in Papua Province, Western New Guinea, northeastern Indonesia.

Description

The island has a rugged terrain, largely covered in tropical rainforest. It is about forty kilometres (25 miles) long and 25 km (16 mi) wide, covering a total area of 514.49 square kilometres (199 square miles) (including small offshore islands such as Rani but excluding the neighbouring Aruri Archipelago. Its highest point is 1,034 metres (3,392 ft) in elevation.

Principal settlements include Korido on the south coast and Yenggarbun on the north coast. South of Supiori lie the small coral islands Aruri (Insumbabi) and Rani. Before 1963, the island was part of the colonial Netherlands New Guinea. It comprises Supiori Regency within Papua Province.

History

The island was first sighted by Europeans by the Portuguese Jorge de Menezes in 1526. Menezes landed at Biak Islands, where he was forced to winter.^[1] One of the first sightings was also made by the Spanish navigator Álvaro de Saavedra on 24 June 1528, when trying to return from Tidore to New Spain. The Schoutens were charted as Islas de Oro (Golden Islands in Spanish).

Its sighting was again reported by Spanish navigator Íñigo Órtiz de Retes in 1545. It was charted as Los Martires by the Spaniards, possibly because it was where Spanish navigator Hernando de Grijalva was murdered by his mutinied crew.^[2]

References

^ Kratoska, Paul H. (2001). South East Asia, Colonial History: Imperialism before 1800, Volume 1 de South East Asia, Colonial History. Taylor & Francis. p. 56.[1]
^ Hamy, Ernst T. "Comentarios sobre algunas cartas antiguas de la Nueva Guinea para servir a la historia del descubrimiento de aquel país por los navegantes españoles (1528-1606)," translated by Martín Ferreiro and included in the work of Justo Zaragoza in Boletín de la Sociedad Geográfica de Madrid, tIV, primer semestre, 1878, p.44