Stephen Sewall

Stephen Sewall
Stephen Sewall
Chief Justice of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court
	In office; 1752–1760
Appointed by	William Shirley
Preceded by	Paul Dudley
Succeeded by	Thomas Hutchinson
Associate Justice of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court
	In office; 1739–1752
Appointed by	Jonathan Belcher
Preceded by	Thomas Graves
Succeeded by	Chambers Russell
Personal details
Born	December 13, 1702; Salem, Massachusetts
Died	September 10, 1760 (aged 57); Boston, Massachusetts
Education	Harvard University

Stephen Sewall (December 14, 1702 – September 10, 1760) was a judge in colonial Massachusetts. Born in Salem, Massachusetts, he was the son of Stephen Sewall, the clerk of court at the Salem witchcraft trials, and a nephew of Chief Justice Samuel Sewall, who presided at the witchcraft trials. He was the uncle of lawyer Jonathan Sewall and of the poet, lawyer and patriot, Jonathan Mitchell Sewall of Portsmouth, NH.

He attended Harvard University, graduating in 1721.^[1] Although never formally trained as a lawyer or admitted to the bar, he was appointed first as an associate justice, and then as Chief Justice of the Massachusetts Superior Court of Judicature, the highest court in the colony.^[2] He also served on the Massachusetts Governor's Council, which was then the upper house of the Massachusetts General Court. He was generally respected by both friends (the "court party") and foes (the "popular party") of royal government.

Sewall's death in Boston in 1760 was followed by controversy. James Otis, Jr. believed that his father, James Otis, Sr., had been promised the office of chief justice, but Governor Francis Bernard appointed Crown supporter Thomas Hutchinson instead, creating a political rift that would have important implications in the development of the American Revolution. While Sewall had expressed doubts about the legality of writs of assistance, which were controversial general search warrants, Hutchinson authorized them—over the objections of Otis—in the famous "writs of assistance case" of 1761.

References

^ "[Spring 1759.] [from the Diary of John Adams]". founders.archives.gov.
^ "Wetmore's Minutes of the Argument: Essex Superior Court, Ipswich, June 1772". founders.archives.gov.

Wroth, L. Kinvin. "Sewall, Stephen". American National Biography Online, Feb. 2000.

Legal offices
Preceded by Thomas Graves	Associate Justice of the Massachusetts Superior Court of Judicature 1739–1752	Succeeded by Chambers Russell
Preceded by Paul Dudley	Chief Justice of the Massachusetts Superior Court of Judicature 1752–1760	Succeeded by Thomas Hutchinson