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The Right Honourable
Sir Stephen Cave
GCB JP DL FSA
The Right Honourable Sir Stephen Cave GCB JP DL FSA
	"Amends"; The Rt Hon Stephen Cave MP as caricatured by Ape (Carlo Pellegrini) in Vanity Fair, October 1874
Paymaster General
	In office; 10 July 1866 – 1 December 1868
Monarch	Queen Victoria
Prime Minister	The Earl of Derby; Benjamin Disraeli
Preceded by	William Monsell
Succeeded by	The Earl of Dufferin
	In office; 20 April 1874 – 21 April 1880
Monarch	Queen Victoria
Prime Minister	Benjamin Disraeli
Preceded by	William Patrick Adam
Succeeded by	Hon. David Plunket
Vice-President of the Board of Trade
	In office; 10 July 1866 – 12 August 1867
Monarch	Queen Victoria
Prime Minister	The Earl of Derby
Preceded by	William Monsell
Succeeded by	Marcus Fysh (2020)
Judge Advocate General
	In office; 7 March 1874 – 24 November 1875
Monarch	Queen Victoria
Prime Minister	Benjamin Disraeli
Preceded by	Acton Smee Ayrton
Succeeded by	George Cavendish-Bentinck
Personal details
Born	28 December 1820; Clifton, near Bristol, England
Died	6 June 1880 (aged 59); Chambéry, Savoy (now France)
Political party	Conservative
Spouse	Emma Smyth (d. 1905)
Alma mater	Balliol College, Oxford

Sir Stephen Cave GCB PC JP DL FSA (28 December 1820 – 6 June 1880) was a British lawyer, writer and Conservative politician. He notably served as Paymaster General between 1866 and 1868 and again between 1874 and 1880 and as Judge Advocate General between 1874 and 1875.

Background and education

Born at Clifton, Cave was the eldest son of Daniel Cave, of Cleve Hill, near Bristol (d. 9 March 1872), by his marriage on 15 April 1820 to Frances, only daughter of Henry Locock, MD, of London. The banker Sir Charles Cave, 1st Baronet, was his younger brother. He was educated at Harrow and Balliol College, Oxford, where he graduated BA in 1843 and MA in 1846.^[1]^[2] He was the grandson of Stephen Cave, the slave owner. ^[3]

Legal and political career

Being called to the bar at the Inner Temple on 20 November 1846, Cave started his career by going the western circuit.^[1] On 29 April 1859 he entered parliament as Conservative Member of Parliament for New Shoreham, and retained this seat until 24 March 1880.^[1]^[2] He was sworn of the Privy Council on 10 July 1866,^[1]^[4] and served as Vice-President of the Board of Trade under the Earl of Derby between 1866 and 1867, when the office was abolished, and as Paymaster General under Derby and then Benjamin Disraeli from 1866 until the fall of the Conservative government in December 1868. In 1866 he was appointed chief commissioner for negotiating a fishery convention in Paris.^[1]

When the Conservatives returned to power under Disraeli in February 1874, Cave was appointed Judge Advocate General and Paymaster-General. He relinquished the former office in November 1875 but continued as Paymaster-General until 1880. In December 1875 he was sent on a special mission to Egypt by Benjamin Disraeli to report on the financial condition of that country together with John Stokes.^[5]^[6] He returned in March 1876.^[1] On 20 March 1880 he was appointed a Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath (GCB).^[7]

Cave was also a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries, of the Zoological Society, and of other learned societies, chairman of the West India Committee, a director of the Bank of England and of the London Dock Company^[1] and a deputy lieutenant and justice of the peace for Gloucestershire.

Family

Cave married Emma Jane, eldest daughter of the Reverend William Smyth of Elkington Hall, Lincolnshire, on 7 September 1852. They had no children. He died at Chambéry, Savoy, on 6 June 1880, aged 60.^[1] Lady Cave died in November 1905.

Publications

A Few Words on the Encouragement given to Slavery and the Slave Trade by recent Measures, and chiefly by the Sugar Bill of 1846 (1849).
Prevention and Reformation the Duty of the State or of Individuals? With some account of a Reformatory Institution (1856).
On the distinctive Principles of Punishment and Reformation (1857).
Papers relating to Free Labour and the Slave Trade (1861).^[1]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ Stephen, Leslie, ed. (1887). "Cave, Stephen" . Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 9. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
^ ^a ^b Foster, Joseph (1888–1892). "Cave, Sir Stephen" . Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715–1886. Oxford: Parker and Co – via Wikisource.
^ https://www.ucl.ac.uk/lbs/person/view/17962 accessed on 4/9/2024
^ "No. 23136". The London Gazette. 11 July 1866. p. 3981.
^ "CHAPTER Xll". 28 May 2009. Archived from the original on 28 May 2009.
^ Foretek, Nick (2023). "The Cave Mission of 1876 and Britain's Imperial Information Strategies". Past & Present. doi:10.1093/pastj/gtac045. ISSN 0031-2746.
^ "No. 24825". The London Gazette. 20 March 1880. p. 2189.

External links

Parliament of the United Kingdom
Preceded by Sir Charles Burrell, Bt Lord Alexander Gordon-Lennox	Member of Parliament for New Shoreham 1859–1880 With: Sir Charles Burrell, Bt 1859–1862 Sir Percy Burrell, Bt 1862–1876 Sir Walter Burrell, Bt 1876–1880	Succeeded by Sir Walter Burrell, Bt Robert Loder
Political offices
Preceded by William Monsell	Paymaster General 1866–1868	Succeeded by The Earl of Dufferin
Preceded by William Monsell	Vice-President of the Board of Trade 1866–1867	Office abolished
Preceded by William Patrick Adam	Paymaster General 1874–1880	Succeeded by Hon. David Plunket
Legal offices
Preceded by Acton Smee Ayrton	Judge Advocate General 1874–1875	Succeeded by George Cavendish-Bentinck