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	Marxist in 1923–1924
History
Soviet Navy
Name	A-3 Marxist
Owner	Soviet Union Navy
Builder	Associated Factories And Shipyards Of Nikolayev
Laid down	11 July 1921
Launched	5 April 1922
Completed	May 1922
Acquired	24 May 1922
In service	22 May 1922
Out of service	28 October 1943
Fate	Sunk by unknown reason
General characteristics
Class and type	A (AG)-class submarine
Displacement	520 t (510 long tons) submerged
Length	46 m (150 ft 11 in)
Installed power	960 nhp (surfaced); 480 nhp (submerged);
Propulsion	Batteries and diesel
Speed	14.5 knots (26.9 km/h; 16.7 mph) surfaced; 10.5 knots (19.4 km/h; 12.1 mph) submerged;
Complement	32
Armament	4 × torpedo tubes (all bow); 8 × torpedoes ; 1 × 4.5 cm (1.77 in) deck gun (200 rounds); 1 × machine gun;
Service record
Operations:	19 patrols
Victories:	1 ship sunk

Soviet submarine A-3 (AG-25, Marxist) was a Soviet submarine from the 1922 constructed A (AG) class and served during World War II.^[1]

Construction

AG-25 was ordered on 14 September 1916 by the Soviet Navy. She was constructed in 1922 as part of the A (AG) Class along with her four sister submarines at the Associated Factories And Shipyards Of Nikolayev shipyard. AG stands for Amerikansky Golland (American, Holland design). She was launched on 5 April 1922 and was completed on 24 May 1922. The ship was 46 metres (150 ft 11 in) long and was assessed at 520 t (512 long tons) when submerged. The engine was rated at 960 nhp when surfaced. She was also renamed a number of times to AG-25 im. tov. Trotskogo, PL-18 and Marxist before she gained name A-3.^[1]

War career

A-3 became part of the Black Sea fleet of the Soviet Navy at the start of the Second World War. In total she made 19 war patrols during the conflict with some notable events. On 2 May 1942 A-3 fired a few torpedoes at the German merchant ships Arkadia and Salzburg when she was near Odessa, yet no torpedoes hit their targets. On 29 May 1942 A-3 successfully sank the Romanian merchant ship Sulina when she was off Odessa. On 11 May 1943 the A-3 fired two torpedoes at the German barges Mal 1, Mal 2, and Mal 3 when they were off Yalta, but failed to hit any of them. The following day while the submarine was near Crimea she mistakenly fired two torpedoes at the wreck of the Soviet transport ship Fabritsius which had been sunk by a German bomber aircraft on 2 March 1942.^[2]

Sinking

Although the fate of the A-3 is still unsure, it is assumed that the submarine was sunk by depth charges on 28 October 1943 by the German auxiliary anti-submarine ship Shiff 19 at Karkinit Bay at 46°10′N 31°55′E / 46.167°N 31.917°E / 46.167; 31.917 with the loss of all 32 crew. The wreck's condition is unknown.^[3] Russian sources states, that position of attack is too far both from designated position of A-3 and from actual position of A-3, which could be en route to base. Thus a reason of loss is still disputed.^[4]