South Gloucestershire was created in 1996 to replace the Northavon district of the abolished county of Avon. It is separate from Gloucestershire County Council, but is part of the ceremonial county and shares Gloucestershire's Lord Lieutenant (the Sovereign's representative to the county).[3] Because of its history as part of the county of Avon, South Gloucestershire works closely with the other unitary authorities that took over when that county was abolished, including shared services such as Avon Fire and Rescue Service[4] and Avon and Somerset Police,[5] together with co-operation in planning strategy for transport, roads and housing.
In 1996, the county of Avon was abolished, and South Gloucestershire was created as a unitary authority area comprising the former districts of Kingswood and Northavon. The area borders the city and county of Bristol, the Bath and North East Somerset unitary authority area, and the shire counties of Gloucestershire and Wiltshire.
The geographic area currently known as South Gloucestershire should not be confused with Southern Gloucestershire. Nor should organisations or bodies in the past titled 'South Gloucestershire' (meaning Southern Gloucestershire) be confused with the area covered by the unitary authority.
Demographic
At the 2001 census, the population of South Gloucestershire was 245,641.[6]
At the 2011 census, the population had increased to 262,767.[citation needed]
At the 2021 census, the population estimate for South Gloucestershire is 290,400.[7]
According to the 2001 census estimates, 97.6 percent of the population was described as white, 0.8 percent as dual heritage, 0.7 percent as Asian or Asian British, 0.4 percent as Black or Black British and 0.5 percent as Chinese or other.[6]
Many employers operate in the heavily developed area between the northern edge of Bristol and the M5 motorway, an area sometimes described as the North Fringe of Bristol. This includes the Cribbs Causeway shopping centre, comprising The Mall regional shopping centre and the surrounding retail parks. East of Patchway are the Aztec West and Almondsbury business parks either side of the A38, extending to Bradley Stoke and the M4/M5 Almondsbury Interchange. Employers with sites in this area include EE and the RAC.
South Gloucestershire is home to 99 primary schools, 16 secondary schools, and post-16 colleges and centres.[9] There is one university, the University of the West of England, which was a former polytechnic. In 2008, DCSF figures revealed that there was a 6.6% overall absence in the district's secondary schools, whilst 7.4% is the national average.[10]
5 or more grades A*-C including English and maths GCSEs %
Level 2 in functional English and maths
Level 1 in functional English and maths
Level 2 (5 or more grades A*-C)
Level 1 (5 or more grades A*-G)
2 grades A*-C which cover the Key Stage 4 science programme of study
A*C in a modern foreign language
A*G in a modern foreign language
At least one qualification
Local Authority average
48.1%
56.9%
92.8%
63.6%
93.0%
50.3%
30.6%
49.7%
98.0%
England average
48.1%
52.0%
90.2%
65.3%
91.6%
50.3%
30.7%
44.8%
98.6%
In 2005, the then Chancellor of the Exchequer recognised the City of Bristol's ties to science and technology by naming it one of six "science cities", and promising funding for further development of science in the city,[12] with a £300 million science park planned at Emersons Green, in South Gloucestershire.[13]
The River Severn forms the north-western edge of the area, with a wide coastal plain terminated by an escarpment. East of this is the wide River Frome Valley drainage area. Further east is another escarpment running roughly north–south, passing between Yate and Chipping Sodbury and west of Pucklechurch. The Cotswolds Escarpment forms the eastern edge of South Gloucestershire, while the western half is mainly urbanised.
A small part of the Cotswolds and the National Trust site of Dyrham Park are also in the district. South of the motorways are suburbs of Bristol while areas north are rural. Some of the inner green belts have been taken away by developments like the new town of Bradley Stoke.
Transport
Map of South Gloucestershire; the blue lines are motorways
Many areas of South Gloucestershire have easy commuting access to Bristol (via the A38 and M32) and to Bath, as well as westward to South Wales and Cardiff via the two Severn bridges. The M5 and M4 motorways provide access to Gloucester and London. Bristol's northern and eastern ring road, the A4174, passes through South Gloucestershire. The Metrobus express bus network extends from Bristol into South Gloucestershire, and is supported by the district council.[16]
The area also has an important and well used railway network, with many direct routes to towns and cities across the UK. This includes eastward to London and westward through the Severn Tunnel to Cardiff and the rest of South Wales. There are also routes to the South-West counties and north to England's second city, Birmingham. Many routes cross in Stoke Gifford at Bristol Parkway station. There are six stations within the district, mainly located near the border with Bristol in the west of the district.
This section needs to be updated. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.(February 2024)
The Conservatives held an overall majority on the council from 2015 until 2023; previously no party had overall control, except for 1999–2003 when the Liberal Democrats had a majority. After the 2023 elections, Labour and the Liberal Democrats formed a coalition which took control of the council,[17] this being Labour's first time in control and the Liberal Democrats for the first time in twenty years.
In 2012, it became one of the first authorities in the UK to return to a Committee System, abolishing the single party Cabinet, as allowed under the Localism Act.[18] This was later reverted to a leader and cabinet system in 2017 during the Conservative majority.[19]
For Westminster elections, the area is covered by three constituencies, all lying within the authority boundary. These are:
