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Sisyphi Montes
Location	Sisyphi Planum
Coordinates	69°39′S 13°05′E / 69.65°S 13.08°E

Sisyphi Montes is a mountain range within the Sisyphi Planum on the planet Mars. The mountain range various degrees of degradation.^[1] It has a diameter of 200 kilometres (124 mi). The name Sisyphi Montes is a classical albedo name. This was approved by International Astronomical Union in 1985.^[2]^[3] The classical name comes from the myth of Sisyphus, in Greek mythology. Sisyphus, the king of Corinth, was punished in Hades by having to roll a huge stone up a hill only to have it roll down again as soon as he had brought it to the top. He had to do this over and over again.^[4] There are a number of mountains in this range, hence the plural form of Sisyphus is used for this group of mountains.^[5]

Sisyphi Montes are located in the Mare Australe quadrangle, between Argyre and Hellas impact basins.^[6]

Map showing location of Sisyphi Montes and other nearby features

CTX image of possible Tuya--a volcano that erupted under ice

Ice Sheet

Some researchers have suggested that a large ice sheet covered much of the Mare Australe quadrangle.^[7] ^[8]^[9] Sisyphi Montes consists of about 100 dome-like structures that resemble volcanoes that have erupted under ice sheets on the Earth.^[10] Similar shapes are present in Iceland. These domes are quite far from the present ice sheet (1,600 kilometers). The current cap is only about 350 kilometres across, so the ice cap in the past would have been way bigger and held much more water.^[11]

Measurements with the Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars CRISM detected minerals that are formed when a volcano erupts under an ice sheet. Some of the minerals found are clays, sulfates, Iron oxides, and zeolites. This combination is often called palagonite.^[12] ^[13]

When volcanoes erupt under an ice sheet large masses of warm water are created. Masses of warm water under Martian ice could provide suitable places for life to exist. Such environments are also good for preserving fossils.^[14]

References

^ "Sisyphi Montes" (PDF). Retrieved 17 November 2012.
^ "Sisyphi Montes". IAU. Retrieved 17 November 2012.
^ Peter Grego (1 June 2012). Mars and How to Observe It. Springer. pp. 135–. ISBN 978-1-4614-2302-7. Retrieved 17 November 2012.
^ "Sisyphus | Characteristics, Family, & Myth | Britannica". 27 December 2023.
^ "Redirecting to Google Groups".
^ "Mineralogic Evidence for Subglacial Volcanism in the Sisyphi Montes Region of Mars". 24 April 2018.
^ Cassanelli, J.; Head, J. (2015). "Firn densification in a Late Noachian "icy highlands" Mars: implications for ice sheet evolution and thermal response". Icarus. 253: 243–255. Bibcode:2015Icar..253..243C. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.03.004.
^ Fastook, J.; Head, J. (2015). "Glaciation in the Late Noachian Icy highlands: ice accumulation, distribution, flow rates, basal melting, and top-down melting rates and patterns". Planetary and Space Science. 106: 82–98. Bibcode:2015P&SS..106...82F. doi:10.1016/j.pss.2014.11.028.
^ Smellie, J.; Edwards, B. (2016). Glaciovolcanism on Earth and Mars. Cambridge University Press.
^ Campbell, A.; et al. (2016). Morphology of Possible Subglacial Volcanoes in the Sysphi Montes Region of Mars. 47th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, held March 21-25, 2016 at The Woodlands, Texas. LPI Contribution No. 1903. Vol. 47. p. 1554.
^ "CRISM Web Site".
^ Ackiss, E.; et al. (2016). Mineralogical Evidence for Subglacial Volcanoes in the Sisyphi Montes Region of Mars Sixth Mars Polar Science Conference. The Sixth International Conference on Mars Polar Science and Exploration, held 5-9 September, 2016 in Reykjavik, Iceland. LPI Contribution No. 1926. id. 6086. Bibcode:2016LPICo1926.6086A.
^ Ackiss, S.; et al. "Mineralogic evidence for subglacial volcanism in the Sisyphi Montes region of Mars". Icarus. 311: 357–370. Bibcode:2018Icar..311..357A. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2018.03.026.
^ Cousins, C.; Crawford, I. (2011). "Volcano-ice interaction as a microbial Habitat on Earth and Mars". Astrobiology. 11: 695–710. Bibcode:2011AsBio..11..695C. doi:10.1089/ast.2010.0550. hdl:10023/8744.