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Scutiger; Temporal range: Oligocene - Present
	Scutiger boulengeri
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Amphibia
Order:	Anura
Family:	Megophryidae
Genus:	Scutiger; Theobald, 1868
Type species
	Bombinator sikimmensis; Blyth, 1855

Scutiger is a genus of toads in the family Megophryidae. Common name lazy toads has been coined for them. They occur in China, Burma, Nepal, and northern India in high-altitude habitats.^[2] Most are endemic to China.^[3]

Evolution

A 2017 molecular phylogenetic study found that Scutiger originated in Paleo-Tibet during the Oligocene.^[1]

Species

The following species are recognised in the genus Scutiger:^[2]^[4]

Scutiger adungensis Dubois, 1979 – Adung lazy toad
Scutiger bhutanensis Delorme and Dubois, 2001
Scutiger boulengeri (Bedriaga, 1898) – Boulenger's lazy toad, Xizang alpine toad, Himalayan stream frog
Scutiger brevipes (Liu, 1950)
Scutiger chintingensis Liu and Hu, 1960 – Chinting lazy toad, Chinting alpine toad
Scutiger ghunsa Khatiwada, Shu, Subedi, Wang, Ohler, Cannatella, Xie, and Jiang, 2019 – Ghunsa high altitude toad
Scutiger glandulatus (Liu, 1950) – Hopachai lazy toad, chest gland cat-eyed toad
Scutiger gongshanensis Yang and Su, 1979 – Gongshan lazy toad, Gongshan cat-eyed toad
Scutiger jiulongensis Fei, Ye, and Jiang, 1995 – Jiulong cat-eyed toad
Scutiger liupanensis Huang, 1985 – Liupan lazy toad, Liupan alpine toad
Scutiger maculatus (Liu, 1950) – spotted lazy toad, piebald alpine toad
Scutiger mammatus (Günther, 1896) – Tungsolo lazy toad
Scutiger muliensis Fei and Ye, 1986 – Muli cat-eyed toad
Scutiger nepalensis Dubois, 1974 – Nepal lazy toad, mountain pelobatid toad, Asiatic spadefoot toad
Scutiger ningshanensis Fang, 1985 – Ningshan lazy toad, Ningshan alpine toad
Scutiger nyingchiensis Fei, 1977 – Nyingchi lazy toad, Ladakh pelobatid toad, Nyingshi alpine toad
Scutiger occidentalis Dubois, 1978 – Ladakh high altitude toad
Scutiger pingwuensis Liu and Tian, 1978 – Pingwu lazy toad, Pingwu alpine toad
Scutiger sikimmensis (Blyth, 1855) – Sikkim lazy toad, Sikkim high altitude toad, Blyth's short-limbed frog
Scutiger spinosus Jiang, Wang, Li, and Che, 2016 – spiny lazy toad
Scutiger tengchongensis Yang & Huang, 2019^[5]^[6]
Scutiger tuberculatus Liu and Fei, 1979 – bumpy lazy toad, round-tubercled cat-eyed toad
Scutiger wanglangensis Ye and Fei, 2007 – Wanglang alpine toad
Scutiger wuguanfui Jiang, Rao, Yuan, Wang, Li, Hou, Che, and Che, 2012^[3] – Wu's lazy toad, Medog lazy toad

Endemic ranges

Many Scutiger species are endemic to highly restricted geographical areas in the Eastern Himalayas. The ranges often overlap with those of Oreolalax species.

Ningxia, China
- Scutiger liupanensis: Liupanshan National Nature Reserve, Jingyuan County, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
Shaanxi, China
- Scutiger ningshanensis: Ningshan County, Shaanxi
Sichuan, China
- Scutiger brevipes: Dawu County, Sichuan
- Scutiger chintingensis: Mount Emei area, Sichuan
- Scutiger jiulongensis: Jiulong County, Sichuan
- Scutiger maculatus: Garze, Sichuan and Jiangda, Tibet
- Scutiger muliensis: Muli County, Sichuan
- Scutiger pingwuensis: Pingwu County, Sichuan
- Scutiger wanglangensis: Sichuan
Yunnan, China
- Scutiger gongshanensis: Gongshan County, Yunnan
Tibet
- Scutiger maculatus: Garze, Sichuan and Jiangda, Tibet
- Scutiger nyingchiensis: Nyingchi Prefecture, Tibet
- Scutiger spinosus: Medog County, Tibet and Tawang District, Arunachal Pradesh
- Scutiger wuguanfui: Medog County, Tibet
Bhutan
- Scutiger bhutanensis: Bhutan
Sikkim, India
- Scutiger sikimmensis: Sikkim, India

References

^ ^a ^b Hofmann, Sylvia; Stöck, Matthias; Zheng, Yuchi; Ficetola, Francesco G.; Li, Jia-Tang; Scheidt, Ulrich; Schmidt, Joachim (12 June 2017). "Molecular Phylogenies indicate a Paleo-Tibetan Origin of Himalayan Lazy Toads ( Scutiger )". Scientific Reports. 7 (1): 3308. Bibcode:2017NatSR...7.3308H. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-03395-4. PMC 5468327. PMID 28607415.
^ ^a ^b Frost, Darrel R. (2016). "Scutiger Theobald, 1868". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 18 January 2017.
^ ^a ^b Jiang, Ke; Rao, Dingqi; Yuan, Siqi; Wang, Jishan; Li, Pipeng; Hou, Mian; Che, Maihe; Che, Jing (13 July 2012). "A new species of the genus Scutiger (Anura: Megophryidae) from southeastern Tibet, China". Zootaxa. 3388 (1): 29–40. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3388.1.3.
^ "A New Species of Scutiger (Anura: Megophryidae) from the Gaoligongshan Mountain Range, China". Novataxa. 25 January 2019. Retrieved 11 February 2019.
^ Yang, Jian-Huan; Huang, Xiang-Yuan (18 January 2019). "A New Species of Scutiger (Anura: Megophryidae) from the Gaoligongshan Mountain Range, China". Copeia. 107 (1): 10. doi:10.1643/CH-17-661. S2CID 92290325.
^ Scutiger tengchongensis.