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Saul Steinberg
Saul Steinberg
Born	Saul Erik Steinberg; June 15, 1914; Râmnicu Sărat, Kingdom of Romania
Died	May 12, 1999 (aged 84); New York City, U.S.
Nationality	American; Romanian;
Alma mater	Polytechnic University of Milan; University of Bucharest;
Known for	The New Yorker
Style	Conceptual art
Spouse	Hedda Sterne (m. 1944; sep. 1960)
Website	SaulSteinberg

Saul Steinberg (June 15, 1914, Rm. Sărat, Romania – May 12, 1999, New York City)^[1]^[2] was a Romanian-born American artist, best known for his work for The New Yorker, most notably View of the World from 9th Avenue. He described himself as "a writer who draws".^[3]^[2]^[4]

Biography

Steinberg was born in Râmnicu Sărat, Buzău County, Romania to a family of Jewish descent.^[5] In 1932, he entered the University of Bucharest. In 1933, he enrolled at the Polytechnic University of Milan to study architecture; he received his degree in 1940. In 1936, he began contributing cartoons to the humor newspaper Bertoldo.^[6]^[7]^[8]^[9] Two years later, the anti-Semitic racial laws promulgated by the Fascist government forced him to start seeking refuge in another country.

In 1941, he fled to the Dominican Republic, where he spent a year awaiting a US visa. By then, his drawings had appeared in several US periodicals; his first contribution to The New Yorker was published in October 1941. Steinberg arrived in New York City in July 1942; within a few months he received a commission in the US Naval Reserve and was then seconded to the Office of Strategic Services (OSS). He worked for the Morale Operations division in China, North Africa, and Italy. Shipped back to Washington in 1944, he married the Romanian-born painter Hedda Sterne.^[10]^[2]

After World War II, Steinberg continued to publish drawings in The New Yorker and other periodicals, including Fortune, Vogue, Mademoiselle, and Harper's Bazaar.^[11] At the same time, he embarked on an exhibition career in galleries and museums.^[12] In 1946, he was included in the critically acclaimed "Fourteen Americans" show at The Museum of Modern Art, New York, exhibiting along with Arshile Gorky, Isamu Noguchi, and Robert Motherwell, among others. Steinberg went on to have more than 80 one-artist shows in galleries and museums throughout the US, Europe, and South America. He was affiliated with the Betty Parsons and Sidney Janis galleries in New York and the Galerie Maeght in Paris. A dozen museums and institutions have in-depth collections of his work, and examples are included in the holdings of more than eighty other public collections.

He and Sterne separated in 1960, but remained close friends.^[13]^[14] However, toward the end of Sterne's life, she called their marriage license “the first of Saul’s phony documents, maybe.”^[15]

Steinberg's long, multifaceted career encompassed works in many media and appeared in different contexts. In addition to magazine publications and gallery art, he produced advertising art, photoworks, textiles, stage sets, and murals. Given this many-leveled output, his work is difficult to position within the canons of postwar art history. He himself defined the problem: "I don't quite belong to the art, cartoon or magazine world, so the art world doesn't quite know where to place me."^[16]

He is best described as a "modernist without portfolio, constantly crossing boundaries into uncharted visual territory. In subject matter and styles, he made no distinction between high and low art, which he freely conflated in an oeuvre that is stylistically diverse yet consistent in depth and visual imagination."^[16]

After Steinberg's death on May 12, 1999, The Saul Steinberg Foundation was established in accordance with the artist's will. The Foundation's mission is "to facilitate the study and appreciation of Saul Steinberg's contribution to 20th-century art" and to "serve as a resource for the international curatorial-scholarly community as well as the general public".

Bibliography

The Saul Steinberg Foundation website, “Selected Bibliography."
Joel Smith, with an introduction by Ian Frazier, Steinberg at The New Yorker. New York: Harry N. Abrams, 2005.
Iain Topliss, The Comic Worlds of Peter Arno, William Steig, Charles Addams, and Saul Steinberg. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2005.
Joel Smith, with an introduction by Charles Simic, Saul Steinberg: Illuminations. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2006.
Saul Steinberg: L'Écriture visuelle. Strasbourg: Musée Tomi Ungerer, 2009.
’’Saul Steinberg: cartoons’’ New York, Penguin Books, 1947
Mario Tedeschini Lalli, "Descent from Paradise: Saul Steinberg's Italian Years, 1933-1941." Published in Issues in Contemporary Jewish History, no. 2, October 2011.^{[permanent dead link‍]}
Bair, Deidre. Saul Steinberg: A Biography. Nan A. Talese/Doubleday (2012)
Corrections to Deirdre Bair, Saul Steinberg: A Biography
Melissa Renn, Andreas Prinzing, Iain Topliss, et al., Saul Steinberg: The Americans. Cologne: Museum Ludwig, 2013
Will Norman, Transatlantic Aliens: Modernism, Exile, and Culture in Midcentury America. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2016. Chapter 5, "Saul Steinberg's Vanishing Trick."

References

^ Plimmer, Martin (18 May 1999). "Obituary: Saul Steinberg". The Independent. Retrieved 27 April 2019.
^ ^a ^b ^c Boxer, Sarah (1999-05-13). "Saul Steinberg, Epic Doodler, Dies at 84". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2023-09-12.
^ Nicholas Garland (2 December 2008). "Saul Steinberg: Illuminations at the Dulwich Picture Gallery". The Telegraph.
^ "Artist Info". www.nga.gov. Retrieved 2024-06-06.
^ National Gallery of Art, Saul Steinberg'
^ Joel Smith, Saul Steinberg: Illuminations (Yale, 2006), pp. 24-29
^ Mario Tedeschini Lalli, "Descent from Paradise: Saul Steinberg's Italian Years, 1933-1941," Published in Quest: Issues in Contemporary Jewish History, no. 2, October 2011. http://www.quest-cdecjournal.it/focus.php?id=221/^{[permanent dead link‍]}
^ "Early Years: Bucharest & Milan". Saul Steinberg Foundation. Retrieved February 1, 2022.
^ "1914". Saul Steinberg Foundation. Retrieved February 1, 2022.
^ Smith, Saul Steinberg: Illuminations, pp. 31-32
^ "World War II". Saul Steinberg Foundation. Retrieved February 1, 2022.
^ "Selected Exhibitions". Saul Steinberg Foundation. Retrieved February 1, 2022.
^ "1960s Introduction". Saul Steinberg Foundation. Retrieved November 16, 2020.
^ Boxer, Sarah. "The Last Irascible | Sarah Boxer". ISSN 0028-7504. Retrieved 2023-09-12.
^ Boxer, Sarah (January 2013). "Sarah Boxer on Deirdre Bair's Saul Steinberg". www.artforum.com. Retrieved 2023-09-12.
^ ^a ^b "Introduction". Saul Steinberg Foundation. Retrieved February 1, 2022.