Sandite

For the school nickname, see Charles Page High School.

Sandite is a substance used on railways in the UK, Ireland,[1] US,[2] the Netherlands[3] and Belgium[4] to combat leaves on the line,[5] which can cause train wheels to slip and become damaged with flat spots. Sandite consists of a mixture of sand, antifreeze and steel shot.[6]

Leaf build up on the railhead can also cause signalling issues and 'disappearing trains' on the rail control systems (because of the electrically insulating effect of the leaves, which can prevent operation of track circuits).

British Rail conducted research, in 1976, to determine the suitability of Sandite for use as an adhesion improver.[5]

Application

Sandite being applied on Long Island Rail Road tracks.

Sandite is usually applied by a special train which first clears fallen leaves from the rails using high-pressure water, then sprays the sandite onto the rail surface.[7] To assist the staff on the Sandite train in locating the sites concerned, in England and Wales black on yellow lineside markers were installed:[8]

  • The first sign, with three stripes gives advance warning of a Sandite application site
  • The second sign, with two stripes points where application should begin
  • The third sign, with one stripe points where application should end

From 1992, lineside marker boards were installed on the Scottish Region, based on alternative white octagonal boards to denote the commencement and finish points, with no warning sign.[9]

In The Netherlands, Sandite is applied by the first passenger trains of the day,[10] with special maintenance trains available too.

Belgian Infrabel operates a dedicated train, with a diesel engine at either end.[11]

Equipment

GB Railfreight operated Sandite train top and tailed by Class 73s in October 2014

British Rail initially used converted diesel and electric multiple units.[12][13] Successor Network Rail built a fleet of dedicated sandite wagons which are hauled in top and tail formation by Colas Rail and, DB Cargo UK and Direct Rail Services locomotives. Network Rail also uses its MPVs. As at October 2021, 67 sets were operated.[14][15]

See also

References

  1. ^ "LLOYD RAIL - Improving rail networks world wide". www.lloydrail.ie.
  2. ^ "MTA LIRR - Slippery Rail". web.mta.info.
  3. ^ "ProRail start werkzaamheden tegen herfstgladheid". NU. 16 October 2012.
  4. ^ ""Schuurtrein" moet sporen deze winter ijsvrij houden". deredactie.be. Retrieved 15 November 2016.
  5. ^ a b "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 October 2004. Retrieved 13 October 2007.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  6. ^ "sandite | Safety Central". safety.networkrail.co.uk. 19 May 2016.
  7. ^ Rail Head Treatment Train @ Fotopic.Net[permanent dead link‍]
  8. ^ "Section 29: Signs for Engineering Trains and Test Trains". Railway Signs and Signals of Great Britain. Sections: 29.6, 29.7, 29.8. Retrieved 8 September 2018.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: location (link)
  9. ^ "Section 29: Signs for Engineering Trains and Test Trains". Railway Signs and Signals of Great Britain. Sections: 29.11, 29.12. Retrieved 8 September 2018.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: location (link)
  10. ^ Archived at Ghostarchive and the Wayback Machine: Sandite: slim recept tegen blad op het spoor. YouTube.
  11. ^ "Infrabel maakt zich klaar voor de winter: speciale treinen moeten sporen berijdbaar houden". De Standaard Mobile.
  12. ^ Merseyrail's Class 501 Rail Enthusiast issue 50 November 1985 page 11
  13. ^ First ScotRail Electric Sandite Unit The Railway Magazine issue 1090 February 1992 page 5
  14. ^ Leaf-busting trains prepare or autumn Network Rail 19 October 2021
  15. ^ Dry ice to help cut train delays caused by leaves on tracks BBC News 4 October 2021

https://ireland.rhomberg-sersa.com/en/leaves-on-the-rail-lines


Stub icon

This United Kingdom rail transport related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

Read other articles:

Joseph Kabila

Perlindungan dari anon Joseph Kabila Presiden Republik Demokratik KongoMasa jabatan26 Januari 2001Pelaksana tugas: 17 Januari 2001 – 26 Januari 2001 – 18 Januari 2019Perdana MenteriAntoine GizengaAdolphe MuzitoLouis Alphonse Koyagialo (Pelaksana tugas)Augustin Matata PonyoSamy BadibangaBruno Tshibala PendahuluLaurent-Désiré KabilaPenggantiFélix Tshisekedi Informasi pribadiLahirJoseph Kabila Kabange4 Juni 1971 (umur 52)Fizi, Kongo-Léopoldville(sekarang Republik Demokrati...

 

Exile (grup musik)

ExileInformasi latar belakangNama lainEguJ Soul Brothers (1999-2001)Asal TokyoGenreJ-popTahun aktif2001–sekarang (1999-2001 sebagai J Soul Brothers)Labelrhythm zoneSitus webexile.jpAnggotaExile HiroExile MakidaiToshio Matsumoto (Matsu)Exile UsaExile AtsushiExile AkiraExile TakahiroKenchi Tachibana(Kenchi)Keiji Kuroki (Keiji)Exile TetsuyaExile NaotoNaoki Kobayashi (Naoki)Exile NesmithExile ShokichiNaoki KobayashiTakanori IwataAlan ShirahamaMandy SekiguchiSekaiTaiki SatoMantan anggotaShun Exi...

 

Ekonomi Barbados

Ekonomi BarbadosBank Sentral BarbadosMata uangDolar Barbados (BBD)Tahun fiskal1 April – 31 MaretOrganisasi perdaganganWTOStatistikPDB $5.087 miliar (nominal, 2018)[1] $5.344 miliar (PPP, 2018)[1] Pertumbuhan PDB 2.5% (2016) 0.5% (2017) −0.6% (2018) −0.1% (2019) -7.6% (2020)[1] PDB per kapita $17,758 (nominal, 2018)[1] $18,655 (PPP, 2018)[1] PDB per sektor Agrikultur: 1.5% Industri: 9.8% Servis: 88.7% (perkiraan 2017)[2] Inflasi (IHK)3...

Bhilarwadi

Village in Maharashtra This article is an orphan, as no other articles link to it. Please introduce links to this page from related articles; try the Find link tool for suggestions. (February 2018) Village in Maharashtra, IndiaBhilarwadivillageCountry IndiaStateMaharashtraDistrictSolapur districtLanguages • OfficialMarathiTime zoneUTC+5:30 (IST) Bhilarwadi is a village in the Karmala taluka of Solapur district in Maharashtra state, India. Demographics Covering 993 hectares (2...

 

Stasiun Higashi Takasaki

Stasiun Higashi Takasaki東高崎駅Stasiun Higashi Takasaki pada 2010LokasiMiyakonojō, MiyazakiJepangKoordinat31°50′27″N 131°03′55″E / 31.84083°N 131.06528°E / 31.84083; 131.06528Koordinat: 31°50′27″N 131°03′55″E / 31.84083°N 131.06528°E / 31.84083; 131.06528Operator JR KyushuJalur■ Jalur KittoLetak13.5 km dari MiyakonojōJumlah peron1 peron sampingJumlah jalur1KonstruksiJenis strukturAtas tanahInformasi lainStatusTan...

 

Seconda Internazionale

Disambiguazione – Se stai cercando l'Internazionale Socialista formata nel 1951 e tuttora attiva, vedi Internazionale Socialista. Seconda Internazionale Stato Internazionale Fondazione1889 Dissoluzione1916 IdeologiaSocialismoMarxismo CollocazioneSinistra Colori     Rosso Modifica dati su Wikidata · Manuale La Seconda Internazionale è stata un'organizzazione internazionale fondata nel 1889 a Parigi dai partiti socialisti e laburisti europei e sciolt...

Luca Martini

Luca Martini, by Bronzino Luca Martini (February 8, 1507 – January 9, 1561) was an Italian engineer, academic, poet, and art patron known for commissioning projects from among other artists Pierino da Vinci and Giorgio Vasari. Biography He was born in Florence to Angelo di Guglielmo and Elena di Filippo Bracciolini, granddaughter of the famous humanist Poggio Bracciolini. Martini was made a member of literary academies at the court of Cosimo I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany in Florence a...

 

Юрта

У этого термина существуют и другие значения, см. Юрта (значения). Юрта на почтовой марке Киргизии Текинская кибитка Казахский шанырак Деревянный каркас юрты Киргизская юрта Ю́рта (также устар. «кибитка») — переносное каркасное жилище с войлочным покрытием у тюркск...

 

Raphaël Collin

French painter This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages) This article includes a list of references, related reading, or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. Please help improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (June 2015) (Learn how and when to remove this message) This article needs additional citations for verificati...

Minister for Defence (Australia)

Australian cabinet position Minister for DefenceCommonwealth Coat of ArmsMinister for Defence PennantIncumbentRichard Marlessince 1 June 2022Department of DefenceStyleThe Honourable (formal)Minister (spoken)Member ofParliamentCabinetFederal Executive CouncilNational Security CommitteeSeatCanberraAppointerGovernor-Generalon the advice the prime ministerTerm lengthAt the Governor-General's pleasureFormation1 January 1901First holderJames DicksonSalary$364,406[1]Websitewww.minister....

 

Pendidikan kimia

Pembelajaran kimia di laboratorium kepada siswa Pendidikan kimia (atau kimia pendidikan) adalah studi tentang pengajaran dan pembelajaran dari kimia di semua sekolah, perguruan tinggi dan universitas. Topik dalam kimia pendidikan mungkin termasuk memahami bagaimana siswa belajar kimia, cara terbaik untuk mengajar kimia, dan bagaimana untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar dengan mengubah metode pengajaran dan pelatihan yang sesuai dalam mengajar kimia, dengan berbagai cara, termasuk ceramah, demons...

 

Happy Meal

A Cajita Feliz Happy Meal box Happy Meal adalah makanan anak-anak yang biasanya dijual di jaringan restoran cepat saji Amerika McDonald's sejak Juni 1979.[1] Sebuah mainan kecil atau buku disertakan dengan makanan, yang keduanya biasanya dimasukkan ke dalam kotak karton merah dengan wajah tersenyum kuning dan logo McDonald's. Kemasan dan mainan sering kali merupakan bagian dari ikatan pemasaran dengan serial televisi, film, atau mainan yang ada. Happy Meal berisi item utama (hamburger...

Senior master sergeant

Military rank for a senior non-commissioned officer in the armed forces of some countries This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Senior master sergeant – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (January 2022) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Senior master sergeant is the military rank...

 

Сухопутні війська Китайської Народної Республіки

Сухопутні війська Народно-визвольної армія Китаю 中国人民解放军陆军 Zhōngguó Rénmín Jiěfàngjūn Lùjūn Емблема Сухопутних військ Народно-визвольної армії КитаюЗасновано 1927; 97 років тому (1927)Країна  КНРНалежність Комуністична партія КитаюТип Сухопутні військаРоль Сухопут...

 

Mahuangliang station

Chongqing Rail Transit station Mahuangliang蚂蝗梁Platform of Line 9General informationLocationChongqingChinaOperated byChongqing Rail Transit Corp., LtdLine(s)     Line 9Platforms2 (1 island platform)ConstructionStructure typeUndergroundOther informationStation code9/11HistoryOpened25 January 2022[1]Services Preceding station Chongqing Rail Transit Following station Lijiapingtowards Gaotanyan Line 9 Guanyinqiaotowards Huashigou Mahuangliang Station is a sta...

Fort Hill (Clemson, South Carolina)

Historic house in South Carolina, United States United States historic placeFort Hill (John C. Calhoun House)U.S. National Register of Historic PlacesU.S. National Historic LandmarkU.S. Historic districtContributing property Show map of South CarolinaShow map of the United StatesLocationClemson University campus, Clemson, South CarolinaCoordinates34°40′40.5″N 82°50′20″W / 34.677917°N 82.83889°W / 34.677917; -82.83889Built1802[1]Architectural st...

 

Menembak pada Pekan Olahraga Nasional 2016

Menembak pada Pekan Olahraga Nasional 2016LokasiLapang Tembak Cisangkan, Kota Cimahi dan Lapangan Tembak Lanud Sulaiman, Margahayu, Kabupaten Bandung, Jawa Barat.Tanggal20-24 September 2016← 20122021 → Menembak pada PON XIX/2016 akan berlangsung dari 20 sampai 24 September 2016 di Lapang Tembak Cisangkan, Kota Cimahi, Jawa Barat untuk nomor rifle dan pistol dan Lapangan Tembak Lanud Sulaiman, Margahayu, Kabupaten Bandung, Jawa Barat untuk nomor multi ring dan 300 m high ...

 

Tandem bicycle

Type of bicycle Bicycle built for two redirects here. For the song, see Daisy Bell. Single speed tandem bicycle in India Fat Tandem Bike A tandem mountain bike A tandem loaded for bicycle touring with front and rear racks and panniers A large tandem, or more specifically, a quint (for five people) Tandem bicycle in use in Tokyo A tandem bicycle or twin is a form of bicycle (occasionally a tricycle) designed to be ridden by more than one person. The term tandem refers to the seating arrangemen...

班傑明康斯坦 (亞馬遜州)

04°22′58″S 70°01′51″W / 4.38278°S 70.03083°W / -4.38278; -70.03083 班傑明康斯坦 班傑明康斯坦（葡萄牙語：Benjamin Constant）是巴西的城鎮，位於該國北部，由亞馬遜州負責管轄，始建於1898年1月29日，面積8,793平方公里，2014年人口38,533，人口密度每平方公里4.38人。 參考資料 IBGE website （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） 这是一篇與巴西相關的地理小作品。您可�...

 

BMW M3

BMW M3 Datos generalesEmpresa matriz BMWFabricante BMW MFábricas Alemania Alemania: Ratisbona, Múnich Sudáfrica: Rosslyn, Pretoria[1]​[2]​[3]​Período 1986-presenteConfiguraciónTipo Automóvil deportivo (S) (D)Configuración Motor delantero longitudinal, tracción trasera o totalDimensionesLongitud 4345 milímetrosOtros modelosRelacionado BMW Serie 3, BMW Serie 4Sitio web Página oficial[editar datos en Wikidata] El BMW M3 es la versión deportiva del...