In medieval times the area was ruled by many lords. Brandenburg-Ansbach and Nuremberg owned possessions in the territory, and other parts were the property of clerical states. When these clerical states were dissolved in 1803, the territory fell to Bavaria.
The district was established in 1972 through the merger of the former districts of Roth, Schwabach and Hilpoltstein.
Coat of arms
The coat of arms displays:
the black and white pattern of the Hohenzollern family, symbolising Brandenburg-Ansbach