Robert Donat

Robert Donat
Donat in 1935
Born
Friedrich Robert Donat

(1905-03-18)18 March 1905
Withington, Manchester, England
Died9 June 1958(1958-06-09) (aged 53)
London, England
OccupationActor
Years active1921–1958
Spouses
Ella Annesley
​
​
(m. 1929; div. 1946)​
​
​
(m. 1953)​
Children3
RelativesPeter Donat (nephew)
Richard Donat (nephew)

Friedrich Robert Donat (/ˈdoʊnæt/ DOH-nat; 18 March 1905 – 9 June 1958) was an English actor.[1] He is best remembered for his roles in Alfred Hitchcock's The 39 Steps (1935) and Goodbye, Mr. Chips (1939), winning for the latter the Academy Award for Best Actor.

In his book, The Age of the Dream Palace, Jeffrey Richards wrote that Donat was "British cinema's one undisputed romantic leading man in the 1930s".[2] "The image he projected was that of the romantic idealist, often with a dash of the gentleman adventurer."[3]

Donat suffered from chronic asthma, which affected his career and limited him to appearing in only 19 films.[4]

Early life

Friedrich Robert Donat was born and baptised in Withington, Manchester,[5][6] the fourth and youngest son of Ernst Emil Donat, a civil engineer of German origin from Prussia, and his wife, Rose Alice Green.[7][8] He was of English, Polish, German and French descent and was educated at Manchester Central Grammar School for Boys. His older brother was Philip Donat, father of actors Richard and Peter Donat.[9]

To cope with a bad stammer, he took elocution lessons with James Bernard, a leading teacher of "dramatic interpretation". He left school at 15, working as Bernard's secretary to fund his continued lessons.[10]

Stage career

Donat made his first stage appearance in 1921, at the age of 16, with Henry Baynton's company at the Prince of Wales Theatre, Birmingham, playing Lucius in Julius Caesar. His break came in 1924 when he joined the company of Shakespearean actor Sir Frank Benson, where he stayed for four years.[11] He also worked in provincial repertory theatre.[citation needed]

In 1928, he began a year at the Liverpool Playhouse, starring in plays by John Galsworthy, George Bernard Shaw and Harold Brighouse, among others.[12] In 1929, he played at the Festival Theatre in Cambridge under the direction of Tyrone Guthrie. He appeared in a number of plays, some with Flora Robson, and also directed.[12]

In 1929, Donat married Ella Annesley Voysey (1903 West Bromwich, Staffordshire – 1994), the daughter of Rev. Ellison Annesley Voysey and Rachel Voysey née Enthoven.[13] Ellison was the youngest son of the theist Rev. Charles Voysey. The couple had two sons and a daughter, but divorced in 1946.

In 1930, Donat and his wife moved to London,[14] where he eventually made his debut in Knave and Quean at the Ambassadors Theatre.[15] He received acclaim for a performance in a revival of Saint Joan.[16]

In 1931, he achieved notice as Gideon Sarn in a dramatisation of the Mary Webb novel, Precious Bane, and he played various roles at the 1931 Malvern Festival.[17] In the early 1930s, he was known in the industry as "screen test Donat" because of his many unsuccessful auditions for various film producers.[18] MGM producer Irving Thalberg spotted him on the London stage in Precious Bane, and offered him a part in the 1932 film Smilin' Through, which he declined.[3][19]

Film appearances

Donat made his film debut in a quota quickie Men of Tomorrow (1932) for Alexander Korda's London Films. An abysmal screen test for Korda had ended with Donat's laughter.[20] Reputedly, Korda reacted by exclaiming: "That's the most natural laugh I have ever heard in my life. What acting! Put him under contract immediately."[18]

Korda cast Donat in the lead in That Night in London (1932), directed by Rowland V. Lee. He had a key role in Cash (1933), directed by Zoltan Korda, co-starring Edmund Gwenn.

Donat's first great screen success came in his fourth film, playing Thomas Culpeper in The Private Life of Henry VIII (1933) for the same producer.[21] The film, starring Charles Laughton in the title role, was an enormous success around the world, including Hollywood. Donat started receiving Hollywood offers.[citation needed]

At the 1933 Malvern Festival, Donat received good reviews for his performance in A Sleeping Clergyman, which transferred to the West End. He was also in Saint Joan.[22]

Donat and Elissa Landi in The Count of Monte Cristo (1934)

Korda loaned Donat to Edward Small for the only film Donat made in Hollywood, The Count of Monte Cristo (1934).[23] In exchange, Leslie Howard was sent to Korda to make The Scarlet Pimpernel.[24]

The Count of Monte Cristo was successful and Donat was offered the lead role in a number of films for Warners, including Anthony Adverse (1935) and another swashbuckler, Captain Blood (1935). However, he did not like America and returned to Britain.[25][26]

In 1934, he appeared in the West End stage production of Mary Read, opposite Flora Robson.[27]

Theatrical release poster for The 39 Steps (1935)

In England, Donat had the star role in Alfred Hitchcock's The 39 Steps (1935) opposite Madeleine Carroll.[25] His performance was well-received: "Mr. Donat, who has never been very well served in the cinema until now, suddenly blossoms out into a romantic comedian of no mean order", wrote the film critic C. A. Lejeune in The Observer at the time of the film's release. Lejeune observed that he possessed "an easy confident humour that has always been regarded as the perquisite of the American male star. For the first time on our screen we have the British equivalent of a Clark Gable or a Ronald Colman, playing in a purely national idiom. Mr. Donat, himself, I fancy, is hardly conscious of it, which is all to the good."[28]

Hitchcock wanted Donat for the role of Edgar Brodie in Secret Agent (1936) and Detective Ted Spencer in Sabotage (1936), but this time Korda refused to release him. John Gielgud replaced him in Secret Agent, while John Loder took the role in Sabotage.[29] MGM wanted him for Romeo and Juliet but he turned them down. Sam Goldwyn made several offers which were also turned down, as was an offer from David O. Selznick to appear in The Garden of Allah, and from Small to make The Son of Monte Cristo.[30]

Donat's next film was for Korda, The Ghost Goes West (1935), a comedy directed by René Clair.

In 1936, Donat took on the management of the Queen's Theatre in Shaftesbury Avenue, where he produced Red Night by J. L. Hodson.[8][12][31]

Korda wanted Donat to make Hamlet.[32] Instead, the actor appeared in Korda's Knight Without Armour (1937). Korda became committed to the latter project because of Donat's indecision. Madeleine Carroll had read the James Hilton novel while shooting The 39 Steps, and had persuaded Donat that it could be a good second film for them to star in together. Donat acquired the rights and passed them on to Korda, although Carroll was unavailable by then.[33] His eventual co-star, Marlene Dietrich, was the source of much attention when she arrived in Britain. Donat was caught up in the furore, and the stress was so great that he suffered a nervous collapse a few days into the shooting and had to enter a nursing home.[33] The production delay caused by Donat's asthma led to talk of replacing him. Dietrich, whose contract with Korda was for $450,000, threatened to leave the project if that happened, and production was halted for two months, until Donat was able to return to work.[34]

He planned to return to the U.S. in 1937 to make Clementine for Small at RKO but changed his mind, fearing legal reprisals from Warners.[35]

Promotional photograph of Greer Garson and Donat in Goodbye, Mr. Chips (1939)

In 1938, Donat signed a contract with MGM British for £150,000 with a six-film commitment.[36][37]

In The Citadel (1938), he played Andrew Manson, a newly qualified Scottish doctor, a role for which he received his first Best Actor Oscar nomination.[citation needed]

He played in Shaw's The Devil's Disciple (1938) on stage at the Piccadilly Theatre in London and the Old Vic.[citation needed]

Donat is best remembered for his role as the school master in Goodbye, Mr. Chips (1939). Australian film critic Brian McFarlane writes: "Class-ridden and sentimental perhaps, it remains extraordinarily touching in his Oscar-winning performance, and it ushers in the Donat of the postwar years."[38] His rivals for the Best Actor Award were Clark Gable for Gone with the Wind, Laurence Olivier for Wuthering Heights, James Stewart for Mr. Smith Goes to Washington and Mickey Rooney for Babes in Arms.[citation needed]

The Second World War

MGM wanted Donat to star in a movie about Beau Brummell and a new version of Pride and Prejudice but that was delayed by the war.[39]

During the early days of the Second World War Donat focused on the stage. He played three roles at the 1939 Buxton Festival, including a part in The Good-Natur’d Man.[citation needed]

He had the title role in the film The Young Mr. Pitt (1942) for 20th Century Fox and played Captain Shotover in a new staging of Heartbreak House at the Cambridge Theatre in London from 1942 to 1943. For MGM British he starred in the film The Adventures of Tartu (1943), with Valerie Hobson. Donat wanted to play the Chorus in Olivier's Henry V,[citation needed] but the role went to Leslie Banks.

In 1943, he took over the lease of the Westminster Theatre, staging a number of plays there until 1945, including An Ideal Husband (1943–44), The Glass Slipper (1944) and The Cure for Love (1945) by Walter Greenwood. With the latter, which he directed, he began his professional association with Renée Asherson, later his second wife.[40][41]

Donat was reunited with Korda for the film Perfect Strangers (1945), known in the United States as Vacation from Marriage, with Deborah Kerr. It was his last film for MGM British.

Later career

In 1946, Donat and Asherson appeared at the Aldwych Theatre in a production of Much Ado About Nothing, directed by Donat. He also directed The Man Behind the Statue by Peter Ustinov. Both lost money. In early 1947, immediately following his release from MGM-British, Eagle-Lion Films planned to shoot Gerald Butler's Kiss the Blood Off My Hands with Donat in the lead and purchased the screen rights to the novel.[42] The film was not made and the screen rights were scooped up by Burt Lancaster who starred in a 1948 film version.

Donat had a small but crucial scene as Irish leader Charles Stewart Parnell in Captain Boycott (1947) with Stewart Granger. He appeared on stage in a revival of A Sleeping Clergyman in 1947.

He auditioned as Bill Sikes in David Lean's Oliver Twist (1948), but Lean thought him wrong for the part and cast Robert Newton instead. Donat played the male lead in The Winslow Boy (1948), a popular adaptation of the Terence Rattigan play.

Donat and Asherson reprised their stage roles in the film version of The Cure for Love (1949). His only film as director, its production was affected by his ill health.[40][43] The film's soundtrack had to be re-recorded after shooting was completed because Donat's asthma had severely affected his voice.[44] Modestly received by a reviewer in The Monthly Film Bulletin, and described as "pedestrian" by Philip French in 2009, it was a hit in the North. In this film, Donat used his natural Mancunian accent, which his early elocution lessons had attempted to suppress completely.[45][46]

Donat appeared on radio. In October 1949, he did a performance of Justice by John Galsworthy on Theatre Guild on the Air for America.[47] Donat and Asherson also appeared in The Magic Box (1951), in which Donat played William Friese-Greene. However, his asthma continued to affect his ability to perform.[48]

He was cast as Thomas Becket in T. S. Eliot's Murder in the Cathedral in Robert Helpmann's production at The Old Vic theatre in 1952 but, although his return to stage was well received, his illness forced him to withdraw during the run.[44] For the same reason, he dropped out of the film Hobson's Choice (1954). Scheduled to play Willy Mossop, he was replaced by John Mills.[49] Author David Shipman speculates that Donat's asthma may have been psychosomatic: "His tragedy was that the promise of his early years was never fulfilled and that he was haunted by agonies of doubt and disappointment (which probably were the cause of his chronic asthma)."[50] David Thomson also suggested this explanation,[51] and Donat himself thought that his illness had a 90% basis in his psychology.[2] In a 1980 interview with Barry Norman, his first wife, Ella Annesley Voysey (by then known as Ella Hall),[52] said that Donat had an asthma attack as a psychosomatic response to the birth of their daughter. According to her, "Robert was full of fear".[53]

Lease of Life (1954), made by Ealing Studios, was his penultimate film. In it, Donat played a vicar who discovers that he has a terminal illness.[44][54]

Donat's final role was the Mandarin of Yang Cheng in The Inn of the Sixth Happiness (1958). His last words in the film, an emotional soliloquy in which the Mandarin confesses his conversion to Christianity, were prophetic: "We shall not see each other again, I think. Farewell". It reduced Ingrid Bergman, playing the missionary Gladys Aylward, to tears. He had collapsed with a stroke during filming but managed to recover enough to complete the film.[55]

Personal life

English Heritage blue plaque at 8 Meadway, Hampstead Garden Suburb, London

In 1929, Donat married Ella Annesley Voysey, niece of architect Charles Voysey.[56] They had one daughter, Joanna Donat (born 1931) and two sons, John Donat (born 1933) and Brian Donat (born 1936), but divorced in 1946.[57]

On 4 May 1953, Donat married again, to actress Renée Asherson,[58] born Dorothy Renee Ascherson, daughter of Charles Ascherson and Dorothy Lilian Wiseman.[59] They lived at 8 The Grove, Highgate[60] until their separation three years later, partly due to the severity of his asthma. They may have been close to a reconciliation when he died. She never remarried.[43][61]

Death

Donat died at the West End Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery[62] in Soho, London, on 9 June 1958, aged 53. His biographer Kenneth Barrow said he had "... a brain tumour the size of a duck egg and cerebral thrombosis was certified as the primary cause of death".[63] His body was cremated privately in Marylebone three days after his death.[62] He left an estate worth £25,236 (equivalent to £660,000 in 2023).[64][65]

Legacy

Donat has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 6420 Hollywood Blvd. A blue plaque also commemorates his life at 8 Meadway in Hampstead Garden Suburb.[66] His place of birth, at 42 Everett Road in Withington, is commemorated by a similar plaque.[67]

Filmography

Year Title Role(s) Director
1932 Men of Tomorrow Julian Angell Leontine Sagan
That Night in London Dick Warren Rowland V. Lee
1933 Cash Paul Martin Zoltan Korda
The Private Life of Henry VIII Thomas Culpeper Alexander Korda
1934 The Count of Monte Cristo Edmond Dantès Rowland V. Lee
1935 The 39 Steps Richard Hannay Alfred Hitchcock
The Ghost Goes West Murdoch Glourie / Donald Glourie René Clair
1937 Knight Without Armour A.J. Fothergill / Peter Ouranoff Jacques Feyder
1938 The Citadel Dr. Andrew Manson King Vidor
1939 Goodbye, Mr. Chips Mr. Chips Sam Wood
1942 The Young Mr. Pitt Pitt the Younger / Earl of Chatham Carol Reed
1943 The Adventures of Tartu Capt. Terence Stevenson / Capt. Jan Tartu Harold S. Bucquet
1945 Perfect Strangers Robert Wilson Alexander Korda
1947 Captain Boycott Charles Stewart Parnell Frank Launder
1948 The Winslow Boy Sir Robert Morton Anthony Asquith
1949 The Cure for Love Sgt. Jack Hardacre Himself
1951 The Magic Box William Friese-Greene John Boulting
1954 Lease of Life Rev. William Thorne Charles Frend
1958 The Inn of the Sixth Happiness The Mandarin of Yangcheng Mark Robson

Further reading

  • Trewin, J. C. (1968). Robert Donat: A Biography. Heinemann.
  • Barrow, Kenneth (1985). Mr Chips: The Life of Robert Donat. London: Methuen. ISBN 0413580709.

References

  1. ^ "Obituaries: Robert Donat". Variety. 11 June 1958. p. 63. Retrieved 1 September 2020.
  2. ^ a b Richards, Jeffrey (2010). The Age of the Dream Palace: Cinema and Society in 1930s Britain (reprint ed.). Bloomsbury Academic. p. 225. ISBN 978-1848851221.
  3. ^ a b Richards, p. 226
  4. ^ "illness May Silence Donat's Golden Voice". Sunday Herald. Sydney. 2 August 1953. p. 14. Retrieved 7 July 2012 – via National Library of Australia.
  5. ^ Friederich Robert Donat in the England & Wales, Civil Registration Birth Index, 1837-1915. Accessed June 2021.
  6. ^ Fredrich Robert Donat in the Manchester, England, Church of England Births and Baptisms, 1813-1915. Ancestry.com. Manchester, England, Church of England Births and Baptisms, 1813-1915 (database on-line). Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2013. Accessed June 2021.
  7. ^ Fritz Donat in the 1911 England Census. The National Archives of the UK (TNA); Kew, Surrey, England; Census Returns of England and Wales, 1911. Accessed June 2021 via Ancestry.com paid subscription site.
  8. ^ a b "Donat, (Frederick) Robert (1905–1958)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/32858. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  9. ^ Sandomir, Richard (14 September 2018). "Peter Donat, Actor Who Played a Panoply of Roles, Dead at 90". The New York Times. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
  10. ^ "Papers of Robert Donat - Archives Hub". archiveshub.jisc.ac.uk. Retrieved 24 May 2023.
  11. ^ "Donat Family Letters". University of Manchester Library. Archived from the original on 29 September 2011.
  12. ^ a b c "London's New Actor manager: Film and Stage Career Interview With Robert Donat". The Observer. March 1936. p. 10.[full citation needed]
  13. ^ Ella Annesley Voysey in the Web: Ireland, Census, 1911. Accessed June 2021.
  14. ^ Ella Annesley Donat in the London, England, Electoral Registers, 1932. Accessed June 2021.
  15. ^ "Robert Donat". Southern Argus. Vol. LXXXIV, no. 4685. Port Elliot. 13 July 1938. p. 5. Retrieved 14 October 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  16. ^ "Robert Donat". The Manchester Guardian. 10 June 1958. p. 2.
  17. ^ "Robert Donat". The World's News. No. 1983. Sydney. 9 December 1939. p. 13. Retrieved 14 October 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  18. ^ a b "Mr. Donat Captures Hollywood". The Milwaukee Journal. 9 July 1939. p. 26.[dead link‍]
  19. ^ Bell, Nelson B. (9 July 1939). "Robert Donat Builds Portrayals on Memory of 'Little Things': Characterizations Reflect Wealth of Detail Provided by Photographic Memory of "Trifles;" New Films Augment Worthy Holdovers Builds Portrayals on Little Things". The Washington Post. p. A3.
  20. ^ Drazin, Charles (2011). Korda: Britain's Movie Mogul (reprint ed.). London: Bloomsbury Academic. p. 90. ISBN 978-1848856950.
  21. ^ "Notes on Films". Sunday Herald. Sydney. 23 July 1950. p. 6 Supplement: Features. Retrieved 7 July 2012 – via National Library of Australia.
  22. ^ "Donat in "39 Steps" Opens at The Lyric". The Daily Tribune. Vol. XI, no. 242. Manila. 14 January 1936. p. 6. Retrieved 14 October 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  23. ^ Hopkinson, Peter (2007). Screen of Change. London: UKA Press. p. 84. ISBN 978-1905796120.
  24. ^ "Robert Donat Swapped To America by England". The Washington Post. 16 September 1934. p. O2.
  25. ^ a b Nixon, Rob. "The Count of Monte Cristo (1934)", TCM Film Article
  26. ^ "Warners Sign Robert Donat". The Daily Tribune. Vol. X, no. 246. Manila. 13 January 1935. p. 26. Retrieved 14 October 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  27. ^ "Versatile Actor". Glen Innes Examiner. Vol. 16, no. 2084. New South Wales, Australia. 12 March 1940. p. 6. Retrieved 14 October 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  28. ^ Glancy, Mark (2003). The 39 Steps. Bloomsbury Academic. p. 91. ISBN 978-1860646140.
  29. ^ Hitchcock, Alfred; Truffaut, François (4 December 2015). Hitchcock. New York: Simon & Schuster. p. 109. ISBN 978-1501143229.
  30. ^ "Robert Donat and His Film Plans: He Wants to Stay in England Many Hollywood Offers Ambition to Play Romeo". The Observer. 15 September 1935. p. 13.
  31. ^ "Robert Donat Remains in England". The West Australian. Vol. 54, no. 16, 143. Perth. 25 March 1938. p. 3. Retrieved 14 October 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  32. ^ "Shakespeare and The Films: The New Hamlet Robert Donat's Aim Past, Present And Future". The Observer. 29 March 1936. p. 15.
  33. ^ a b Drazin, pp. 170–71
  34. ^ Chandler, Charlotte (29 March 2011). Marlene: Marlene Dietrich, A Personal Biography. New York: Simon & Schuster. p. 120. ISBN 978-1439188446.
  35. ^ "NEWS OF THE SCREEN: Robert Donat Cancels Hollywood Visit--Kurt Weill to Compose Music for 'Loves of Jeanne Ney.' Of Local Origin". 20 January 1937. p. 19.[full citation needed]
  36. ^ Glancy, H. Mark (20 August 1999). When Hollywood Loved Britain: The Hollywood 'British' Film 1939–1945. Manchester: Manchester University Press. p. 82. ISBN 978-0719048531.
  37. ^ Littlefield, Joan (8 June 1938). "Film Producers Have Learned How Brains Can Make Winners: Britain on the Screen". The Singapore Free Press and Mercantile Advertiser. p. 4.
  38. ^ McFarlane, Brian (1 January 2013). Donat, Robert (1905–1958). Manchester Univ Press. p. 183. ISBN 978-0719091391 – via BFI screenonline. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
  39. ^ "Robert Donat's Work And Plans". The Herald. No. 19, 338. Melbourne. 11 May 1939. p. 42. Retrieved 14 October 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  40. ^ a b "Obituary: Renée Asherson". The Daily Telegraph. London. 4 November 2014. Retrieved 1 September 2020.
  41. ^ Hobson, Harold (24 February 1945). "Robert Donat Presents Story of Cinderella at St. James's". The Christian Science Monitor. p. 9.
  42. ^ http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/80430/Kiss-the-Blood-Off-My-Hands/notes.html Kiss the Blood Off My Hands, Notes, Turner Classic Movies
  43. ^ a b Farquhar, Simon (6 November 2014). "Renée Asherson: Actress renowned for her grace and beauty". The Independent. London.
  44. ^ a b c "Mr. Donat has a new Lease of Life". The Sydney Morning Herald. 28 October 1954. Retrieved 27 July 2010.[permanent dead link‍]
  45. ^ Michael Brooke "Cure For Love, The (1949)", BFI screenonline
  46. ^ French, Philip (18 April 2009). "Philip French's screen legends, No 54: Robert Donat 1905–1958". The Guardian. London.
  47. ^ "Theater Guild on Air To Star Robert Donat". Chicago Daily Tribune. 30 October 1949. p. N10.
  48. ^ Swainson, Leslie (11 February 1954). "He's back again: Robert Donat Couldn't Be Kept Down". The Sun. No. 13730 (LATE FINAL EXTRA ed.). Sydney. p. 42. Retrieved 1 September 2020 – via National Library of Australia.
  49. ^ "Obituary: Sir John Mills". The Daily Telegraph. 25 April 2005.
  50. ^ Shipman, David (1970). The Great Movie Stars: The Golden Years. New York: Crown Publishers. p. 167. Retrieved 1 September 2020.
  51. ^ Thomson, David (6 May 2014). The New Biographical Dictionary of Film (Sixth ed.). New York: Knopf Doubleday. p. 293. ISBN 978-1101874707.
  52. ^ "The British Greats: 2, Robert Donat", BBC Genome, 6 August 1980 from Radio Times Issue 2960, 31 July 1980, p. 50
  53. ^ reprinted in The Listener, vol.104, p. 241
  54. ^ "Robert Donat's film return". Weekly Times. No. 4431. Victoria. 26 May 1954. p. 76. Retrieved 14 October 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  55. ^ Scheuer, Philip K. (17 June 1958). "Donat Premonition of Death Recalled: Actor 'Sold' on Role, Needed Money, Says Mark Robson". Los Angeles Times. p. 17.
  56. ^ Trewin, J.C. (1968). Robert Donat. London: Heinemann. p. 43.
  57. ^ Trewin, J.C. (1968). Robert Donat. London: Heinemann. p. 176.
  58. ^ Renee Asherson in the U.S., Newspapers.com Marriage Index, 1953. Accessed Jun 2021.
  59. ^ Dorothy Renee Ascherson in the UK and Ireland, Outward Passenger Lists, 1930. Accessed Jun 2021.
  60. ^ "Robert Donat, 8 The Grove, 1953-1956". Hampstead & Highgate Express: 31. 7 November 1969.
  61. ^ "Robert Donat Marries". The Manchester Guardian. 5 May 1953. p. 2.
  62. ^ a b Trewin, J.C. (1968). Robert Donat. London: Heinemann. p. 238.
  63. ^ Barrow, Kenneth (1985). Mr Chips: The Life of Robert Donat. London: Methuen. p. 191. ISBN 978-0413580702.
  64. ^ "£25,236 Estate of Robert Donat". Manchester Guardian. 28 November 1958. p. 4.
  65. ^ United Kingdom Gross Domestic Product deflator figures follow the MeasuringWorth "consistent series" supplied in Thomas, Ryland; Williamson, Samuel H. (2024). "What Was the U.K. GDP Then?". MeasuringWorth. Retrieved 15 July 2024.
  66. ^ "Donat, Robert (1905–1958)". English Heritage. Retrieved 1 September 2020.
  67. ^ "Hello Mr Chips – plaque marks home of Oscar winner Robert Donat". Manchester Evening News. 19 May 2011. Retrieved 1 September 2020.
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