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Republication is form of Christian covenant theology where the works principle of the covenant of works was republished in some way in the Mosaic covenant.^[2]^[3] The view is popular among academics of the Westminster Seminary California and was popularized by American theologian Meredith Kline. Kline taught that the Mosaic covenant included a typological republication of the covenant of works, where the Israelites had to maintain possession of the promised land by their "typological merit".^[3]^[4] Republication is similar to the Lutheran views of the Mosaic covenant.^[5]

History

Some aspects of Republication were already taught by John Calvin, but not the view in its entirety.^[6] Later, Republication was taught by John Owen, believing that though the Mosaic covenant was a covenant of grace it included a layer of aspects republished from the covenant of works. Thomas Goodwin used similar language to Owen when describing the mosaic covenant.^[7] Edward Fisher, the author of the Marrow of Modern Divinity taught republication, saying " therefore, "the law entered," that Adam's offence and their own actual transgression might abound, so that now the Lord saw it needful, that there should be a new edition and publication of the covenant of works", thus the view was advocated by Thomas Boston, who was one of the Marrow divines.^[8]^[9]

Meredith Kline in more recent times has become the most influential advocate of the republication theory.^[10]

Other advocates of different forms of republication include: Geerhardus Vos, Amandus Polanus, John Preston, and George Walker.^[11]^[12]

Different views

Substantial Republication

Substantial republication means that the Mosaic covenant at its core was a covenant of works.^[13] The view that the Mosaic covenant is at its core a covenant of works was taught by 1689 federalists, Amandus Polanus and John Preston.^[14] A somewhat similar view has been taught by some Dispensationalists.^[15]

Administrative Republication

Administrative republication teaches that while the Mosaic covenant was a covenant of grace, it included a layer of aspects from the covenant of works. This is the position of John Owen, Marrow Brethren and Thomas Goodwin.^[16]^[12]^[17]

Subservient Covenant

Moses Amyraut, John Cameron and Samuel Bolton held to a "subservient covenant" view, which proposed that the Mosaic covenant was a third kind of covenant by substance, as opposed to the view that there are two covenants, a covenant of works and a covenant of grace. Amyraut's view is different from administrative republication; however, his view still had some common elements with republication, as in his theory the Mosaic covenant promised temporal life in Canaan for obedience.^[5]

Mixed Covenant

Very few have proposed that the Mosaic covenant had two substances, being both a covenant of grace and of works, the view was advocated by George Walker and other anonymous writers.^[12]