Newport is a city and county borough in the south of Wales. It covers an area of 190 km2 (73 sq mi)[1] and in 2021 the population was approximately 159,700.[2]
The Cadw/ICOMOS Register of Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in Wales was established in 2002 and given statutory status in 2022. It is administered by Cadw, the historic environment agency of the Welsh Government.[3][4]Elisabeth Whittle described Cadw as having a "somewhat special and guiding role" in the preservation of historic parks and gardens, since they are "an integral part of Welsh archaeological and architectural heritage".[5] The register includes just under 400 sites, ranging from gardens of private houses, to cemeteries and public parks. Parks and gardens are listed at one of three grades, matching the grading system used for listed buildings. Grade I is the highest grade, for sites of exceptional interest; Grade II*, the next highest, denotes parks and gardens of great quality; while Grade II denotes sites of special interest.[6]
There are ten registered parks and gardens in Newport. One is listed at Grade II*, and nine are at Grade II.
Country house garden[7] The 30-acre (12 ha) gardens were laid out when the house was built in 1877–78. Both were bought by Newport Borough Council who opened the grounds as a public park in 1900.[8]
Garden[11] The walled kitchen garden lies to the north and the gardens and pleasure grounds lie to the south and east of the nineteenth-century house. The 21-acre (8.4 ha) estate is now surrounded by housing but was originally set in open countryside.[12]
Country house garden[13] The layout of the terraces and garden walls suggests that they are contemporary with the sixteenth-century manor house and its outbuildings.[14]
Rock garden[17] The extensive rock and water garden was originally part of the gardens of Stelvio House (demolished 1996). The gardens, which were laid out between 1914 and 1920, were broken up from 1935 onwards.[18]
Country house garden[19] The remains of the garden terrace and walled enclosures lie to the east and south of the Tudor manor house, which was built on the site of a moated Norman castle.[20][21]
Cemetery[24] The land was purchased from Lord Tredegar in 1854 for what became the first public cemetery in Wales. Structures built within the grounds include the Anglican and Nonconformist chapels (both 1855), a Catholic chapel (c. 1880), and a synagogue.[25]
Park and country house garden[26][27] The original park has been greatly reduced by urban development and divided by the M4 and other major roads passing through the site. The remaining areas of open parkland lie to the north and north-west of the house which is surrounded by gardens developed mainly in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.[28]
Whittle, Elisabeth (1992). The Historic Gardens of Wales: An Introduction to Parks and Gardens in the History of Wales. Cardiff: Cadw. ISBN978-0-117-01578-4.
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