The Cadw/ICOMOS Register of Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in Wales was established in 2002 and given statutory status in 2022. It is administered by Cadw, the historic environment agency of the Welsh Government.[3][4]Elisabeth Whittle described Cadw as having a "somewhat special and guiding role" in the preservation of historic parks and gardens, since they are "an integral part of Welsh archaeological and architectural heritage".[5] The register includes just under 400 sites, ranging from gardens of private houses, to cemeteries and public parks. Parks and gardens are listed at one of three grades, matching the grading system used for listed buildings. Grade I is the highest grade, for sites of exceptional interest; Grade II*, the next highest, denotes parks and gardens of great quality; while Grade II denotes sites of special interest.[6]
There are 19 registered parks and gardens in Carmarthenshire. One is listed at Grade I, four at Grade II*, and 14 at Grade II.
Country house garden[7] The most important feature is the early seventeenth-century arcaded court and raised walk to the west of the grade II* listed house. There is also a coach house, two walled gardens, a pond garden and areas of woodland.[8]
Park and gardens[9][10][11] The former Bishop’s Palace, now a museum, is within a triangular area of informal garden in the north-west of the grounds. An area of parkland separates the gardens from the Bishop's Pond, a large oxbox lake, that occupies the eastern section of the site.[12]
Country house garden and kitchen garden[13][14] A late nineteenth-century garden laid out with terracing to the east and south-east of the house. The walled garden to the north of the house occupies the site of an earlier terraced garden. The woodland area, which includes a Gorsedd circle, was created 1887–1906.[15]
Park and country house garden[16][17] The remains of the gardens lie around the site of the mansion, and the park is mainly to the south and south-west of this. The Afon Cothi passes east-west through the site.[18]
Park and gardens[19][20][21] The eastern side of the site is woodland and parkland. To the west is the now derelict house around which was a formal pleasure garden. To the north of the house are the home farm buildings (the hamlet of Edwinsford) and the walled garden which probably dates to the early nineteenth century.[22]
Park and gardens[23][24][25] The grounds, with their parkland, gardens and pleasure grounds, were mostly laid out in the early to mid-nineteenth century. The woodland garden with picturesque woodland walks is possibly earlier. There are several listed buildings including the mansion house, a dovecote, an ice house and the walled orchard.[26]
Park and gardens[27][28][29] The late Georgian mansion of Golden Grove and its surrounding gardens lie within extensive parkland. The walled garden to the north of the house is on the site of an earlier house.[30]
Garden[31] The garden of Castle House remains private, but the gardens within the picturesque ruins of the medieval castle are open to the public. Restored in the 1990s to a layout based on that of the early nineteenth-century.[32]
Country house garden The present house was built in 1720 but has since been extensively modified. The gardens were redesigned when the house was extended in the early twentieth century.[33]
Park and walled garden[36][37] The estate covers around 62 acres (25 ha) of park and woodland. To the south of the farmstead and nearby ruined mansion is an early-nineteenth century walled garden.[38]
Country house garden[39] The gardens are contemporary with the Tudor Gothic style country house (built 1903–1905) and appear to incorporate a wall of the previous house destroyed by fire in 1902.[40][41]
Gardens[42] The landscaped park was laid out in late eighteenth and early nineteenth century. The walled kitchen garden and the sites of the pleasure garden and the house (built 1799, demolished in 1951 following a fire in 1931) are now part of the National Botanic Garden of Wales. The large elliptical glasshouse was constructed between 1995 and 2000.[43][44][45]
Gardens[46][47] The Italianate mansion of c. 1853 (demolished in 1988 apart from the entrance tower) was surrounded by around 26 acres (11 ha) of woodland and garden, including a walled garden and a lake with central island.[48][49]
Public park and gardens[50] The Italianate mansion and its grounds were donated to town of Llanelli by Sir Stafford and Lady Howard. The gardens were transformed into a public park which opened in 1912.[51]
Park and gardens[54][55] An eighteenth-century landscaped park with a small formal garden and walled gardens. Within the grounds are the scheduled monuments of the remains of a medieval castle and the site of two Roman forts.[56][57][58]
Park and gardens[59][60][61][62] The parkland was probably enclosed by the seventeenth century and the walled garden is associated with the house of that period. This house was demolished before the building of the new mansion (c. 1850), with its formal terraced garden, located about 350 m (1,150 ft) to the north-east. The site of the old house has been turned into a woodland garden.[63]
Park and country house garden[64][65] Formal gardens surround the house and walled gardens lie to its south-east. In an area of forestry to the north of the house is Llyn Taliaris, a kidney-shaped lake. The parks and gardens are thought to have originated in the mid-eighteenth century and their layout is largely unchanged since the mid-nineteenth century.[66]
Whittle, Elisabeth (1992). The Historic Gardens of Wales: An Introduction to Parks and Gardens in the History of Wales. Cardiff: Cadw. ISBN978-0-117-01578-4.
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