Pilu oil

pilu tree
Salvadora persica
Salvadora persica

Pilu oil is an extract from seeds of the Pilu tree (Salvadora persica), also known as the toothbrush tree. It is used for soaps, detergents, and resist dyeing.

Characteristics

The oil comes from the seed and kernel. The percentage of the oil in seeds is 32-34%. The seed contains a brittle shell on the outer surface, and the kernel accounts for 60% in dried seed, containing 40-43% oil.

‘Sweet Variety’ of Pilu yields 35-44% oil which has a strong odour. The odour is due to the presence of Benzyl isothiocyanate in the oil. There is greenish yellow fat called Khakan fat. The purified fat is free from foul odour and has an agreeable taste. It is snow white. The oil is rich in lauric and myristic acids. It has a high melting point and a disagreeable odour that disappears on purification.[1] The most important aspect of the oil is the presence of a low percentage of C8 and C10 fatty acids that are of great economic significance.[1] The oil is an alternative source of oil for soap and detergent industries.[1]

Physical Characteristics of Pilu Oil[2]

property range
Refractive index 40 °C 1.4465
Saponification value 251.2
Iodine value 15.6
polenske value 10.9
Reichert-Meissl value 5.9
solidifying point 31.1 °C
Specific gravity(35.5 °C/15.5 °C) 0.9246

Fatty Acid Composition of Pilu Oil[3]

fatty acid percentage
Capric acid(C10:0) 1.0-1.5
Lauric acid(C12:0) 19.6-47.2
Myristic acid(C14:0) 28.4-54.5
Palmitic acid(C16:) 18.9-29.5
Oleic acid(C18:1) 5.5-12.0
linoleic acid(C18:2) 0.0-1.2

Uses

The fat is used in soap, making up to 20% of the soap itself, and it replaces coconut oil. It is used as a resist in the dyeing industry. The oil is also used in rheumatic infection treatment.[3]

In India Pilu fat is being used for soap making in the "unorganised" or cottage sector of the industry, particularly by the Non-Edible Oil Industry of the Khadi and Village Industries commission. The All India Non-Edible Oil Industry Association, Poona, are making soap with it.[2] The oil has a bitter and sharp taste and may be used as a purgative diuretic, or tonic seed oil may be applied to the skin in rheumatism.[4]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c Orwa, Caleb; Mutua, A.; Kindt, Roeland; Jamnadass, Ramni; Simons, Anthony (2009). "Salvadora persica". Agroforestree Database: a tree reference and selection guide (4th ed.). Nairobi, Kenya: World Agroforestry Centre. Retrieved 2021-06-29.
  2. ^ a b Board, Niir (October 2002). Modern Technology Of Oils, Fats & Its Derivatives. ISBN 9788178330853. Retrieved 2013-11-29.
  3. ^ a b "Pilu / Khakan". crirec.com. Archived from the original on 2013-11-13. Retrieved 2013-11-29.
  4. ^ "chandra oil- pilu oil". my.agrotrade.net/. Retrieved 2013-11-29.

Read other articles:

Torrance Memorial Medical Center

This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages) This article contains content that is written like an advertisement. Please help improve it by removing promotional content and inappropriate external links, and by adding encyclopedic content written from a neutral point of view. (January 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) This article needs additional citations for ...

 

Biru kobalt

Halaman ini berisi artikel tentang warna. Untuk kegunaan lain, lihat Biru kobalt (disambiguasi). Biru kobalt Sebuah sampel dari pigmen biru kobalt komersial     Koordinat warnaTriplet hex#0047ABsRGBB    (r, g, b)(0, 71, 171)CMYKH   (c, m, y, k)(1, 1, 0, 0)HSV       (h, s, v)(215°, 100%, 67%)Sumber[Tidak ada sumber]B: Dinormalkan ke [0–255] (bita)H: Dinormalkan ke [0–100] (ratusan) Biru kobalt adalah sebuah pigmen biru yang dibuat oleh koba...

 

Daniel Noboa

Nama ini menggunakan cara penamaan Spanyol: nama keluarga pertama atau paternalnya adalah Noboa dan nama keluarga kedua atau maternalnya adalah Azín. Daniel NoboaNoboa pada 2022 Presiden Ekuador ke-48PetahanaMulai menjabat 23 November 2023Wakil PresidenVerónica Abad Rojas PendahuluGuillermo LassoPenggantiPetahanaAnggota Majelis Nasionaldari Santa ElenaMasa jabatan14 Mei 2021 – 17 Mei 2023 Informasi pribadiLahirDaniel Roy Gilchrist Noboa Azín30 November 1987 (umur 3...

S Diary

S DiaryPoster bioskop untuk film S DiaryNama lainHangul에스 다이어리 Alih Aksara yang DisempurnakanEseu daieoriMcCune–ReischauerEsŭ daiŏri SutradaraKwon Jong-kwanProduserJeong Hoon-takDitulis olehPark Seong-gyeong Kwon Jong-kwanPemeranKim Sun-aKim Su-roLee Hyun-wooGong YooPenata musikChoi Wan-heeSinematograferKim Hoon-kwang Im ChanPenyuntingMoon In-daePerusahaanproduksiiFilmDistributorCJ EntertainmentTanggal rilis 22 Oktober 2004 (2004-10-22) Durasi104 menitNegaraKo...

 

Mercury-Atlas 5

1961 American spaceflight of the Mercury program Mercury-Atlas 5An Atlas rocket launches the Mercury-Atlas 5 into orbit, November 29, 1961Mission typeTest flightOperatorNASAHarvard designation1961 Alpha Iota 1COSPAR ID1961-033A SATCAT no.208Mission duration3 hours, 20 minutes, 59 secondsDistance travelled81,902 kilometers (50,892 mi)Orbits completed2 Spacecraft propertiesSpacecraftMercury No.9ManufacturerMcDonnell AircraftLaunch mass1,331 kilograms (2,934 lb) CrewCrew...

 

Gary Sanchez Productions

Production company Gary Sanchez ProductionsCompany typePrivateIndustryProduction companyFounded2006; 18 years ago (2006)FoundersWill FerrellAdam McKayDefunctApril 8, 2019; 5 years ago (2019-04-08)FateFerrell-McKay partnership dissolveSuccessorsGloria Sanchez ProductionsHyperobject IndustriesHeadquartersLos Angeles, California, United States Gary Sanchez Productions was an American film and television production company founded by Will Ferrell and Adam McKay...

Coppa delle Alpi 1960

Coppa delle Alpi 1960 Competizione Coppa delle Alpi Sport Calcio Edizione 1ª Date 19 giugno - 26 giugno 1960 Luogo  Italia Svizzera(15 città) Partecipanti 16 Impianto/i 16 stadi Risultati Vincitore  Italia (8 squadre)(1º titolo) Secondo Svizzera Statistiche Incontri disputati 16 Gol segnati 60 (3,75 per incontro) Cronologia della competizione 1961 Manuale La Coppa delle Alpi 1960 è stata la prima edizione del trofeo istituito per squadre partecipanti ai campionati ita...

 

Food libel laws

Laws passed in some US states to make it easier for food producers to sue their critics for libel All copies of the environmental book Green Illusions sold in the United States were self-censored due to concerns about food libel laws that enable the damages to be awarded when a court rules that someone has made libelous statements about a food product. Food libel laws, also known as food disparagement laws and informally as veggie libel laws, are laws passed in thirteen U.S. states that make ...

 

خبز مفرود

خبز مفرودمعلومات عامةالنوع خبز — بِنغ المكونات الرئيسية الدقيق والماء والملح.تعديل - تعديل مصدري - تعديل ويكي بيانات الخبز المفرود أو الخبز المسطح، خبز مصنوع من الدقيق والماء والملح، ثم تفرد العجينة جيدا حتى تصبح مسطحة، وتكون بدون خميرة.[1][2][3] هناك العديد من ا�...

哥伦布 (密西西比州)

密西西比州 哥伦布城市綽號：Possum Town哥伦布位于密西西比州的位置坐标：33°30′06″N 88°24′54″W / 33.501666666667°N 88.415°W / 33.501666666667; -88.415国家 美國州密西西比州县朗兹县始建于1821年政府 • 市长罗伯特·史密斯 (民主党)面积 • 总计22.3 平方英里（57.8 平方公里） • 陸地21.4 平方英里（55.5 平方公里） • ...

 

منتخب جمهورية الدومينيكان لكرة القدم للسيدات

يفتقر محتوى هذه المقالة إلى الاستشهاد بمصادر. فضلاً، ساهم في تطوير هذه المقالة من خلال إضافة مصادر موثوق بها. أي معلومات غير موثقة يمكن التشكيك بها وإزالتها. (يوليو 2019) منتخب جمهورية الدومينيكان لكرة القدم للسيدات بلد الرياضة جمهورية الدومينيكان  الفئة كرة القدم للسيدات...

 

توسع الأوعية الدموية للقرنية (CNV)

هذه المقالة تحتاج للمزيد من الوصلات للمقالات الأخرى للمساعدة في ترابط مقالات الموسوعة. فضلًا ساعد في تحسين هذه المقالة بإضافة وصلات إلى المقالات المتعلقة بها الموجودة في النص الحالي. (أغسطس 2022) توسع الأوعية الدموية للقرنية (CNV) معلومات عامة الاختصاص طب العيون  من أنواع ا�...

Chamberlain war ministry

Government of the United Kingdom September 1939 – May 1940 Fifth National Government redirects here. For the New Zealand government, see Fifth National Government of New Zealand. This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Chamberlain war ministry – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (January ...

 

إقليم تهامة

إقليم تهامة   خريطة إقليم تهامة تقسيم إداري  البلد  اليمن  ولايات الحديدةحجةالمحويتريمة العاصمة مدينة الحديدة الحكومة  النوع حكم ذاتي فدرالي برلماني  حاكم الاقليم شاغر  الحكومة حكومة إقليم تهامة  البرلمان برلمان إقليم تهامة خصائص جغرافية  المجم�...

 

اتيليو تيسير

اتيليو تيسير معلومات شخصية الميلاد 10 يونيو 1958 (66 سنة)  مونتيبيلونا  الطول 176 سنتيمتر  مركز اللعب مدافع الجنسية إيطاليا  معلومات النادي النادي الحالي مودينا (مدرب) مسيرة الشباب سنوات فريق Calcio Montebelluna [الإنجليزية]‏ المسيرة الاحترافية1 سنوات فريق م. (هـ.) 1974–1976 Calc...

توسا دي مار

  Tossa de Marتوسا دي مار (بالكتالونية: Tossa de Mar)‏[1]  توسا دي مار توسا دي مار موقع توسا دي مار في مقاطعة جرندة (إسبانيا) تقسيم إداري البلد  إسبانيا[2][3] المنطقة كتالونيا المسؤولون المقاطعة جرندة خصائص جغرافية إحداثيات 41°43′14″N 2°55′55″E / 41.720555555556°N 2.93194444444...

 

Henry Burden

American engineer and businessmanFor the Canadian First World War flying ace, see Henry John Burden. This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Henry Burden – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (June 2019) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Henry BurdenBorn(1791-04-22)April 22, 1791Dun...

 

Elizabeth Maitland, Duchess of Lauderdale

Scottish noblewoman (1626–1698) Her GraceThe Duchess of LauderdalePortrait by Peter Lely, 1648–49Born(1626-09-28)28 September 1626London, EnglandDied5 June 1698(1698-06-05) (aged 71)Ham House, LondonBuriedSt Peter's Church, PetershamSpouse(s) Sir Lionel Tollemache, 3rd Baronet ​ ​(m. 1648; died 1669)​ John Maitland, 1st Duke of Lauderdale ​ ​(m. 1672; died 1682)​IssueLionel Tollemache, 3rd...

Safia El Emari

Egyptian actress (born 1949) This biography of a living person needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially libelous.Find sources: Safia El Emari – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (January 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this messag...

 

Champions Cup and the WTA of Indian Wells 1991

Champions Cup and the WTA of Indian Wells 1991Sport Tennis Data2 marzo – 16 marzo (uomini)25 febbraio – 3 marzo (donne) Edizione18a SuperficieCemento CampioniSingolare maschile Jim Courier Singolare femminile Martina Navrátilová Doppio maschile Jim Courier / Javier Sánchez Doppio femminilenon assegnato 1990 1992 Il Champions Cup and the WTA of Indian Wells 1991, conosciuto anche con il nome di Newsweek Champions Cup and the and the Virginia Slims of Palm Springs 1991 per ragioni di spo...