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Phrynobatrachus
	A male and a female of Phrynobatrachus bibita
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Amphibia
Order:	Anura
Clade:	Ranoidea
Family:	Phrynobatrachidae; Laurent, 1941
Genus:	Phrynobatrachus; Günther, 1862
Species
	See text
Synonyms
	Phrynodon Parker, 1935;

Phrynobatrachus is a genus of Sub-Saharan frogs that form the monogeneric family Phrynobatrachidae. Their common name is puddle frogs, dwarf puddle frogs, African puddle frogs, or African river frogs.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4] The common name, puddle frog, refers to the fact that many species breed in temporary waterbodies such as puddles.^[5]

Phrynobatrachus are among the most common amphibians in Africa. They are typically small (mostly less than 30 mm (1.2 in)^[5]), fast-moving frogs. They occupy a variety of habitats from dry savannas to rainforests. Most species deposit many small eggs as a surface clutch in standing or slowly moving water and have exotrophic tadpoles.^[4]

Taxonomy

Phrynobatrachidae has earlier been considered as a subfamily of Ranidae, but its recognition as a family is now well-established.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4] It is probably most closely related to Petropedetidae and Pyxicephalidae^[1] or Ptychadenidae.^[4]

This large genus may be further divided into three major clades. These clades could be treated as different genera, but this arrangement is not yet in use.^[1]

Species

There are currently 96 species in this genus:^[6]

Phrynobatrachus acridoides (Cope, 1867)
Phrynobatrachus acutirostris Nieden, 1912
Phrynobatrachus afiabirago Ofori-Boateng, Leaché, Obeng-Kankam, Kouamé, Hillers & Rödel, 2018
Phrynobatrachus africanus (Hallowell, 1858)
Phrynobatrachus albifer (Ahl, 1924)
Phrynobatrachus albomarginatus De Witte, 1933
Phrynobatrachus alleni Parker, 1936
Phrynobatrachus ambanguluensis Greenwood, Loader, Lawson, Greenbaum, and Zimkus, 2020
Phrynobatrachus amieti Nečas, Dolinay, Zimkus, and Gvoždík, 2021
Phrynobatrachus annulatus Perret, 1966
Phrynobatrachus anotis Schmidt and Inger, 1959
Phrynobatrachus arcanus Gvoždík, Nečas, Dolinay, Zimkus, Schmitz, and Fokam, 2020
Phrynobatrachus asper Laurent, 1951
Phrynobatrachus auritus Boulenger, 1900
Phrynobatrachus batesii (Boulenger, 1906)
Phrynobatrachus bequaerti (Barbour and Loveridge, 1929)
Phrynobatrachus bibita Goutte, Reyes-Velasco, and Boissinot, 2019
Phrynobatrachus breviceps Pickersgill, 2007
Phrynobatrachus brevipalmatus (Ahl, 1925)
Phrynobatrachus brongersmai Parker, 1936
Phrynobatrachus bullans Crutsinger, Pickersgill, Channing, and Moyer, 2004
Phrynobatrachus calcaratus (Peters, 1863)
Phrynobatrachus chukuchuku Zimkus, 2009
Phrynobatrachus congicus (Ahl, 1925)
Phrynobatrachus cornutus (Boulenger, 1906)
Phrynobatrachus cricogaster Perret, 1957
Phrynobatrachus cryptotis Schmidt and Inger, 1959
Phrynobatrachus dalcqi Laurent, 1952
Phrynobatrachus danko Blackburn, 2010
Phrynobatrachus dendrobates (Boulenger, 1919)
Phrynobatrachus discogularis Pickersgill, Zimkus, and Raw, 2017
Phrynobatrachus dispar (Peters, 1870)
Phrynobatrachus elberti (Ahl, 1925)
Phrynobatrachus francisci Boulenger, 1912
Phrynobatrachus fraterculus (Chabanaud, 1921)
Phrynobatrachus gastoni Barbour and Loveridge, 1928
Phrynobatrachus ghanensis Schiøtz, 1964
Phrynobatrachus giorgii De Witte, 1921
Phrynobatrachus graueri (Nieden, 1911)
Phrynobatrachus guineensis Guibé and Lamotte, 1962
Phrynobatrachus gutturosus (Chabanaud, 1921)
Phrynobatrachus hieroglyphicus Rödel, Ohler, and Hillers, 2010
Phrynobatrachus horsti Rödel, Burger, Zassi-Boufou, Emmrich, Penner, and Barej, 2015
Phrynobatrachus hylaios Perret, 1959
Phrynobatrachus inexpectatus Largen, 2001
Phrynobatrachus intermedius Rödel, Boateng, Penner, and Hillers, 2009
Phrynobatrachus irangi Drewes and Perret, 2000
Phrynobatrachus jimzimkusi Zimkus, Gvoždík, and Gonwouo, 2013
Phrynobatrachus kakamikro Schick, Zimkus, Channing, Köhler, and Lötters, 2010
Phrynobatrachus keniensis Barbour and Loveridge, 1928
Phrynobatrachus kinangopensis Angel, 1924
Phrynobatrachus krefftii Boulenger, 1909
Phrynobatrachus latifrons Ahl, 1924
Phrynobatrachus leveleve Uyeda, Drewes, and Zimkus, 2007
Phrynobatrachus liberiensis Barbour and Loveridge, 1927
Phrynobatrachus mababiensis FitzSimons, 1932
Phrynobatrachus maculiventris Guibé and Lamotte, 1958
Phrynobatrachus manengoubensis (Angel, 1940)
Phrynobatrachus mayokoensis Rödel, Burger, Zassi-Boulou, Emmrich, Penner, and Barej, 2015
Phrynobatrachus mbabo Gvoždík, Nečas, Dolinay, Zimkus, Schmitz, and Fokam, 2020
Phrynobatrachus minutus (Boulenger, 1895)
Phrynobatrachus nanus (Ahl, 1925)
Phrynobatrachus natalensis (Smith, 1849)
Phrynobatrachus njiomock Zimkus and Gvoždík, 2013
Phrynobatrachus ogoensis (Boulenger, 1906)
Phrynobatrachus pakenhami Loveridge, 1941
Phrynobatrachus pallidus Pickersgill, 2007
Phrynobatrachus parkeri De Witte, 1933
Phrynobatrachus parvulus (Boulenger, 1905)
Phrynobatrachus perpalmatus Boulenger, 1898
Phrynobatrachus petropedetoides Ahl, 1924
Phrynobatrachus phyllophilus Rödel and Ernst, 2002
Phrynobatrachus pintoi Hillers, Zimkus, and Rödel, 2008
Phrynobatrachus plicatus (Günther, 1858)
Phrynobatrachus pygmaeus (Ahl, 1925)
Phrynobatrachus rainerguentheri Rödel, Onadeko, Barej, and Sandberger, 2012
Phrynobatrachus rouxi (Nieden, 1912)
Phrynobatrachus rungwensis (Loveridge, 1932)
Phrynobatrachus ruthbeateae Rödel, Doherty-Bone, Kouete, Janzen, Garrett, Browne, Gonwouo, Barej, and Sandberger, 2012
Phrynobatrachus sandersoni (Parker, 1935)
Phrynobatrachus scapularis (De Witte, 1933)
Phrynobatrachus scheffleri (Nieden, 1911)
Phrynobatrachus schioetzi Blackburn and Rödel, 2011
Phrynobatrachus steindachneri Nieden, 1910
Phrynobatrachus sternfeldi (Ahl, 1924)
Phrynobatrachus stewartae Poynton and Broadley, 1985
Phrynobatrachus sulfureogularis Laurent, 1951
Phrynobatrachus taiensis Perret, 1988
Phrynobatrachus tanoeensis Kpan, Kouamé, Barej, Adeba, Emmrich, Boateng, and Rödel, 2018
Phrynobatrachus tokba (Chabanaud, 1921)
Phrynobatrachus ukingensis (Loveridge, 1932)
Phrynobatrachus ungujae Pickersgill, 2007
Phrynobatrachus uzungwensis Grandison and Howell, 1983
Phrynobatrachus versicolor Ahl, 1924
Phrynobatrachus villiersi Guibé, 1959
Phrynobatrachus werneri (Nieden, 1910)

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Frost, Darrel R. (2014). "Phrynobatrachidae Laurent, 1941". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 10 May 2014.
^ ^a ^b "Phrynobatrachidae". AmphibiaWeb: Information on amphibian biology and conservation. [web application]. Berkeley, California: AmphibiaWeb. 2014. Retrieved 10 May 2014.
^ ^a ^b Blackburn, D. C.; Wake, D. B. (2011). "Class Amphibia Gray, 1825. In: Zhang, Z.-Q. (Ed.) Animal biodiversity: An outline of higher-level classification and survey of taxonomic richness" (PDF). Zootaxa. 3148: 39–55. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3148.1.8.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Vitt, Laurie J.; Caldwell, Janalee P. (2014). Herpetology: An Introductory Biology of Amphibians and Reptiles (4th ed.). Academic Press. p. 507.
^ ^a ^b Zimkus, B. "Phrynobatrachus Günther, 1862". African Amphibians Lifedesk. Archived from the original on 6 October 2011. Retrieved 10 May 2014.
^ Frost, Darrel R. (2022). "Phrynobatrachus Günther, 1862". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 28 July 2022.