Phraortes

Phraortes
Phraortes
King of the Medes
Reign	678 – 625 BCE
Predecessor	Deioces
Successor	Cyaxares
Died	625 BCE
Dynasty	Median dynasty
Father	Deioces
Religion	Ancient Iranian religion

Phraortes^[a], son of Deioces, was the second king of the Median kingdom.

Like his father Deioces, Phraortes started wars against Assyria, but was defeated and killed by the Assyrian king, probably Ashurbanipal (r. 668-627 BCE).

Biography

All information about him is from Herodotus. According to him (1.102), Phraortes was the son of Deioces and united all Median tribes into a single state. He also subjugated the Persians and Parthians and other nations of ancient Iran. He ruled for twenty-two years (c. 675 – c. 653 BC), however, some scholars assume that he ruled for fifty-three years, c. 678 – c. 625. Phraortes is commonly identified with Kashtariti, a chieftain in Media, although some scholars consider such an identification doubtful. He was later succeeded by his son Cyaxares.^[4]

Notes

^ /freɪˈɔːrtiz/ fray-OAR-teez^[1] (Old Persian: 𐎳𐎼𐎺𐎼𐎫𐎡𐏁, romanized: Fravartiš;^[2]^[3] Ancient Greek: Φραόρτης, romanized: Phraórtēs)

References

^ Bollard, John K., ed. (1998). Pronouncing dictionary of proper names: pronunciations for more than 28,000 proper names, selected for currency, frequency, or difficulty of pronunciation (2nd ed.). Detroit, Mich: Omnigraphics. p. 793. ISBN 978-0-7808-0098-4.
^ Akbarzadeh, D.; A. Yahyanezhad (2006). The Behistun Inscriptions (Old Persian Texts) (in Persian). Khaneye-Farhikhtagan-e Honarhaye Sonati. p. 87. ISBN 964-8499-05-5.
^ Kent, Ronald Grubb (c. 2006). Old Persian: Grammar, Text, Glossary (in Persian). translated into Persian by S. Oryan. p. 406. ISBN 964-421-045-X.
^ Medvedskaya, I. (20 July 2004). "PHRAORTES". Encyclopædia Iranica. Retrieved 18 December 2012.

External links

[4] /freɪˈɔːrtiz/ fray-OAR-teez^[1] (Old Persian: 𐎳𐎼𐎺𐎼𐎫𐎡𐏁, romanized: Fravartiš;^[2]^[3] Ancient Greek: Φραόρτης, romanized: Phraórtēs)

[1] Bollard, John K., ed. (1998). Pronouncing dictionary of proper names: pronunciations for more than 28,000 proper names, selected for currency, frequency, or difficulty of pronunciation (2nd ed.). Detroit, Mich: Omnigraphics. p. 793. ISBN 978-0-7808-0098-4.

[2] Akbarzadeh, D.; A. Yahyanezhad (2006). The Behistun Inscriptions (Old Persian Texts) (in Persian). Khaneye-Farhikhtagan-e Honarhaye Sonati. p. 87. ISBN 964-8499-05-5.

[kent-p406-3] Kent, Ronald Grubb (c. 2006). Old Persian: Grammar, Text, Glossary (in Persian). translated into Persian by S. Oryan. p. 406. ISBN 964-421-045-X.

[5] Medvedskaya, I. (20 July 2004). "PHRAORTES". Encyclopædia Iranica. Retrieved 18 December 2012.

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