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Paray-le-Monial
Paray-le-Monial
Commune
	Hôtel de Ville in Paray-le-Monial
	Coat of arms
	Location of Paray-le-Monial
	Paray-le-Monial Paray-le-Monial
	Coordinates: 46°27′07″N 4°07′13″E / 46.4519°N 04.1203°E
Country	France
Region	Bourgogne-Franche-Comté
Department	Saône-et-Loire
Arrondissement	Charolles
Canton	Paray-le-Monial
Government
• Mayor (2020–2026)	Jean-Marc Nesme
Area 1	25.20 km2 (9.73 sq mi)
Population (2021)	9,239
• Density	370/km2 (950/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+01:00 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code	71342 /71600
Elevation	234–304 m (768–997 ft) ; (avg. 245 m or 804 ft)
	1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

Paray-le-Monial [pa.ʁɛ.lə.mɔn.jal] is a commune in the Saône-et-Loire department in the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France. Since 2004, Paray-le-Monial has been part of the Charolais-Brionnais region.^[3]

It is nicknamed the "city of the Sacred Heart" and its inhabitants are called Parodiens and Parodiennes.

Geography

Paray-le-Monial is located in the southwest of the Saône-et-Loire Département, in the heart of the Charolais countryside, in a plain bounded by the Brionnais upland, the rivers Loire, l'Arroux and the Bourbince.

The roughly parallel Bourbince River and the canal du Centre traverse the city from the southeast to the northwest.

Among the elements that form the city, as it has developed over its history, are the upland near the Bourbince River, the priory and basilica, a rectangular town center with very dense housing, national highway N79, which crosses the Bourbince River east and west of the town center, a newer part of town located north of the town center, the Bellevue residential area to the southwest, and several suburbs.^[4]

History

Paray (Paredum; Parodium) existed before the monks who gave it its surname of Le Monial, for when Count Lambert of Chalon, together with his wife Adelaide and his friend Mayeul de Cluny, founded there in 973 the celebrated Benedictine priory,^[5] the borough had already been constituted, with its ædiles and communal privileges. At that time an ancient temple was dedicated to the Mother of God (Charter of Paray). The Cluny monks were, 999–1789, lords of the town.

Population

Historical population
Year	Pop.	±% p.a.
1968	10,716	—
1975	11,545	+1.07%
1982	10,639	−1.16%
1990	9,859	−0.95%
1999	9,191	−0.78%
2007	9,138	−0.07%
2012	9,029	−0.24%
2017	9,189	+0.35%
Source: INSEE^[6]

Main sights

The town is mainly known for its Romanesque church of the Sacré-Coeur ("Sacred Heart") and as a place of pilgrimage. It was built starting in the 12th century as a small-scale version of the Abbey of Cluny. It was finished in the 14th century, while the cloister dates to the 18th century.

The Hôtel de Ville, in Renaissance style, is also one of the historical monuments.

Another major building in Paray-le-Monial, is Saint Nicolas' tower, built during the 16th century, which hosts different exhibitions but mainly mosaic exhibitions.

Economy

The area's primary industry is agriculture in particular beef cattle farming. The area is known for its charolais cattle.

Notable people

Saint Claude de la Colombière (1641–1682), Jesuit priest and the confessor of Saint Margaret Mary Alacoque.^[7]
Saint Margaret Mary Alacoque (1647–1690), Visitation nun and mystic who promoted devotion to the Sacred Heart of Jesus.^[8]^[9] Jesus' apparitions are recognized by the Roman Catholic Church.^[10]
Jules Quicherat (1814–1882), historian and archaeologist.^[11]
Léon-Benoît-Charles Thomas (1826–1894), cardinal
Émile Buisson (1902–1956), gangster
Jacqueline Maillan (1923–1992), actress
Gérard Ducarouge (1941–2015), Formula One car designer
Richard Trivino (born 1977), goalkeeper
Vincent Clerc (born 1981), rugby union player
Alexandre Lapandry (born 1989), rugby union player

Twin towns - Sister cities

Paray-le-Monial is twinned with:

Climate

Climate data for Paray-le-Monial-Saint-Yan (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1954–present)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Record high °C (°F)	18.1 (64.6)	23.2 (73.8)	25.9 (78.6)	28.8 (83.8)	33.4 (92.1)	39.7 (103.5)	41.7 (107.1)	40.2 (104.4)	35.6 (96.1)	30.6 (87.1)	23.6 (74.5)	19.8 (67.6)	41.7 (107.1)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	7.1 (44.8)	8.7 (47.7)	13.2 (55.8)	16.5 (61.7)	20.4 (68.7)	24.4 (75.9)	26.7 (80.1)	26.7 (80.1)	22.1 (71.8)	17.1 (62.8)	11.1 (52.0)	7.5 (45.5)	16.8 (62.2)
Daily mean °C (°F)	3.6 (38.5)	4.3 (39.7)	7.6 (45.7)	10.4 (50.7)	14.3 (57.7)	18.1 (64.6)	20.3 (68.5)	20.1 (68.2)	15.9 (60.6)	12.2 (54.0)	7.2 (45.0)	4.1 (39.4)	11.5 (52.7)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	0.2 (32.4)	0.0 (32.0)	2.1 (35.8)	4.4 (39.9)	8.3 (46.9)	11.9 (53.4)	13.8 (56.8)	13.5 (56.3)	9.8 (49.6)	7.2 (45.0)	3.3 (37.9)	0.8 (33.4)	6.3 (43.3)
Record low °C (°F)	−24.2 (−11.6)	−23.6 (−10.5)	−13.3 (8.1)	−8.2 (17.2)	−3.1 (26.4)	0.3 (32.5)	3.9 (39.0)	1.7 (35.1)	−2.2 (28.0)	−8.1 (17.4)	−11.3 (11.7)	−16.9 (1.6)	−24.2 (−11.6)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	51.0 (2.01)	42.5 (1.67)	49.5 (1.95)	60.7 (2.39)	82.4 (3.24)	67.5 (2.66)	71.6 (2.82)	72.1 (2.84)	68.0 (2.68)	73.5 (2.89)	76.0 (2.99)	57.6 (2.27)	772.4 (30.41)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm)	10.1	8.8	9.0	10.1	10.9	8.5	8.4	8.2	8.6	10.6	10.8	11.3	115.2
Mean monthly sunshine hours	65.3	88.7	146.6	167.7	197.9	226.9	247.6	230.3	167.0	111.8	66.1	52.1	1,767.7
Source: Meteociel^[13]

References

^ "Répertoire national des élus: les maires". data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises (in French). 2 December 2020.
^ "Populations légales 2021" (in French). The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 28 December 2023.
^ "Pays Charolais-brionnais".
^ Michel Bouillot, « Contribution à l'étude des plans des villes clunisiennes », article paru dans Mélanges d'histoire et d'archéologie offerts au professeur Kenneth John Conant par l'association Splendide Bourgogne, Éditions Bourgogne-Rhône-Alpes, Mâcon, 1977, pp 173-204.
^ Bouchard 2015, p. 265.
^ Population en historique depuis 1968, INSEE
^ "Sacred Heart" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 23 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 980. see line 11
^ "Alacoque, Marguerite Marie" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 1 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 467.
^ "Sacred Heart" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 23 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 980. see line 10
^ "Audience with participants in the Conference "Repairing the irreparable", on the 350th anniversary of the apparitions of Jesus at Paray-le-Monial". press.vatican.va. Retrieved 2024-07-29.
^ Bémont, Charles (1911). "Quicherat, Jules Étienne Joseph" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 22 (11th ed.). p. 748.
^ "Bethlehem Municipality". www.bethlehem-city.org. Archived from the original on 2010-07-24. Retrieved 2009-10-10.
^ "Normales et records pour Saint Yan (71)". Meteociel. Retrieved 22 November 2024.

Sources

Bouchard, Constance Brittain (2015). Rewriting Saints and Ancestors: Memory and Forgetting in France, 500-1200. University of Pennsylvania Press.
Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Paray-le-Monial" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 20 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 799.
Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Paray-le-Monial" . Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.