North China Transportation Company

North China Transportation Company
Native name
華北交通株式会社
Japanese Hepburn: Kahoku Kōtsū kabushiki gaisha
Chinese pinyin: Huáběi Jiāotōng Zhūshì Huìshè
Company typePrivate KK
IndustryRailway, Transportation
Founded1938
Defunct1945
Headquarters
Beijing
,
Provisional Republic of China
Area served
east-central China
ServicesRailway transport, Bus transport
Total equity50 million yen
Number of employees
110,000
ParentSouth Manchuria Railway

The North China Transportation Company (華北交通株式会社, Japanese: Kahoku Kōtsū kabushiki gaisha, Chinese: Huáběi Jiāotōng Zhūshì Huìshè) was a transportation company in the territory of the collaborationist Provisional Government of the Republic of China during the Japanese occupation.

History

After Japan occupied a large part of northern China during the Sino-Japanese War, it set up a puppet government known as the Provisional Government of the Republic of China. In 1938, the Provisional Government nationalised the various railway and bus companies in its jurisdiction, after which the South Manchuria Railway set up a subsidiary, called the North China Transportation Company, to operate the railways and bus services within the Provisional Government's territory. With its headquarters in Beijing, the NCTC at its peak employed 110,000 people, of which 70% were Chinese. The company was liquidated in 1945 following Japan's defeat in the Pacific War, and the railways were taken over by the China Railway.

Amongst the railway companies that were nationalised were:

Routes

Rolling stock

A Ya1 class boxcar of the North China Transportation Company

Locomotives of the North China Transportation Company used the same classification system used by the South Manchuria Railway between 1938 and 1945.

Locomotives

Standard gauge

Class Numbers Original owner Original
class & numbers		 Wheel
arr.		 Builder Total
in class		 Year built Image Notes
アメニ
Ameni		 1501−1506~ Beining Railway Class 40: 41−46~ 4-4-0 Baldwin >6 1879 [1]
ダブサ
Dabusa		 1501−1504 Jingsui Railway ? 2-6-4T Baldwin 4 1906 [2]
ダブシ
Dabushi		 1501−1504~ Jingsui Railway Class 20: 21−24~ 2-6-4ST Dübs and Company >4 1892 [3]
デカサ
Dekasa		 1501−1507 Longhai Railway Class 600: 601−607 2-10-0 Shahekou, Kisha Seizō 7 1937 [4]
エトサ
Etosa		 1501− Jiaoji Railway ? 0-8-0 Japan [5]
エトシ
Etoshi		 1501− Jiaoji Railway 0-8-0 Henschel ? 1905 [6]
ホネイ
Honei		 1501−1508~ Jiaoji Railway Class 10: 11−18~ 0-6-2T Borsig >8 1900 Forney locomotive.[7]
ホネニ
Honeni		 1501−1507~ Beining Railway Class 47: 47−53~ 0-6-2T Baldwin >7 1897 Forney locomotive.[8]
マレイ
Marei		 1501−1504 Jingsui Railway Class 20: 21−24 0-6-6-0 North British 4 1908 [9]
マレニ
Mareni		 1501−1504 Jingsui Railway Class 70: 71−74 2-4-4-2 Baldwin 4 1911 [10]
マレサ
Maresa		 1501−1507 Jingsui Railway Class 90: 91−97 2-8-8-2 ALCo 7 1914 Superheated.[11]
マレシ
Mareshi		 1501−1507 Jingsui Railway Class 200: 201−207 2-8-8-2 ALCo 7 1921 Largest steam locomotives exported from the United States; used on Badaling slope.[12][13]
ミカイ
Mikai		 1501−1520 Manchukuo National ミカナ16718−16736, 16739 2-8-2 Kisha Seizō, Nippon Sharyō, Hitachi, Kawasaki, Sifang 270 1938 "New National Big Mika" (新國大ミカ). First 20 transferred from Manchukuo National Railway.[14]
1521−1769 new for NCTC -- 1939−1945 "New National Big Mika" (新國大ミカ). New for NCTC.
ミカロ
Mikaro		 1501−1505 Manchukuo National ミカロ640–644 2-8-2 Kisha Seizō, others 120 1938−1944 First five transferred from Manchukuo National in 1938.[14]
1506−1620 new for NCTC -- 72 of the 115 new for NCTC were built by Kisha Seizō in 1938-1939 and 1943-1944.
ミカナ
Mikana		 1501−1524 Jingfeng Railway 201−224 2-8-2 North British, Tangshan Arsenal 21+ 1913−1924 Built by North British, assembled by Tangshan.[9]
1541−1590 Jinpu Railway MK xxx 2-8-2 ALCo 50 1918−1920, 19xx [citation needed]
1601−1646 Jingsui Railway Class 300: 301−346 2-8-2 ALCo 46 1922 [citation needed]
1651−1654~ Jiaoji Railway Class 600: 601−604 2-8-2 Hudswell Clarke, Shahekou >4 1931 [citation needed]
ミカハ
Mikaha		 1501−1545 new for NCTC -- 2-8-2 Škoda 45 1939 [15]
モガイ
Mogai		 1501−1508 Beining Railway Class 140: 141−148 2-8-2 North British/Tangshan 8 1903−1908 [9]
1511−1532 Class 150: 151−172 22 1914−1916 [9]
モガニ
Mogani		 1501−1512 Beining Railway Class 60: 61−72 2-6-0 Baldwin 12 1897−1899 [16]
1521−1526 Jinghan Railway ? Rogers 6 1900−1903 [9]
モガサ
Mogasa		 1501−1533 Beining Railway Class 90: 91−123 2-6-0 Dübs/North British/Tangshan 33 1900–1903 [9][17]
モガシ
Mogashi		 1501−1510 Jingsui Railway Class 10: 10−19 2-8-2 North British/Tangshan 10 1908−1909 Built by North British, assembled by Tangshan.[9]
1511−1538 Jinpu Railway ? Baldwin 28 1909 [9]
1541−1552 ? North British/Tangshan 12 1910 [9]
1561−1564 Beining Railway ? North British/Tangshan 4 1919−1920 [9]
1571−1581 Class 230: 231−241 North British/Tangshan 11 1923−1928 [9]
モガコ
Mogako		 1501−1537 Jinghan Railway ? 2-6-0 Fives-Lille 37 1902−1905 [18]
1541−1543 Class 1400: 1400−1402 Saint-Léonard 3 1905 [19]
モガロ
Mogaro		 1501−1503~ Jinghan Railway Class 100: 101−103~ 2-6-0 Fives-Lille >3 1901 [20]
モガナ
Mogana		 1501−1506 Jinpu Railway ? 2-6-0 Hanomag 6 1910−1911 [21]
1511−1524 Class 30: 30−43 Humboldt 14 1911? [21]
モガハ
Mogaha		 1501−1515 Longhai Railway ? 2-6-0 Vulcan (UK) 15 1916−1919 [9][22]
モガク
Mogaku		 1501−15xx Jinghai Railway Class 90: 91−x 2-6-0 Baldwin ? 1901
モガ_
Moga_		 1501−1502 Daoqing Railway ? 2-6-0 ALCo 2 1913, 1918 [9]
パシイ
Pashii		 1501−1520 Jingsui Railway ? 4-6-2 ALCo 20 192x [9]
1521−1530 Beining Railway Class 180: 180−189 Baldwin 10 1920−1925 [23]
1531−1538 Jiaoji Railway Class 400: 400−408 ALCo 8 1921 [23]
1539−1540 Class 400: 409−410 Kisha Seizō 2 1922 [23]
パシサ
Pashisa		 1501–1520 new for NCTC -- 4-6-2 Hitachi 20 1938 "New National Small Pashi" (新國小パシ).
1521–1550 Kisha Seizō 30 1939−1940 "New National Small Pashi" (新國小パシ).
パシロ
Pashiro		 1501−1512 MNR パシロ566–569, 571–578 4-6-2 Kawasaki, Nippon Sharyō, Hitachi 12 1937 Superheated express passenger locomotives. First 12 transferred from Manchukuo National.
1513−1589 new for NCTC -- Kawasaki 57 1941–1944
パシナ
Pashina		 1501−1512 Jinpu Railway ? 4-6-2 ALCo 12 1921 [9]
1521−1528 Class 410: 410−417 North British 8 1933 [23]
プレコ
Pureko		 1501−1510 Beining Railway ? 2-6-2T North British 10 1887 [9]
1511−1516 ? 2-6-2 6 1914 [9]
1521−1522 Jingsui Railway ? 2-6-2ST 2 1908 [9]
プレロ
Purero		 15xx Beining Railway Class 20: 20−24 2-6-2T North British/Tangshan 17 1921−1925 [9]
15xx Beining Railway Class 25: 25−xx 2-6-2 ? 1923−1927 [9][24]
15xx Class 150: 150−154~ 2-6-2 Baldwin ? 1914 [9]
15xx incl. 1529 ? 2-6-2T North British/Tangshan ? 1891−1896 [9]
プレナ
Purena		 15xx Jingsui Railway ? 2-6-2 Baldwin ? 1921 [9]
15xx ? ? 1909 [9][25]
プレハ
Pureha		 1501−15xx Jingsui Railway ? 2-6-2 Baldwin ? 1911 [9]
プレク
Pureku		 1501−1540 Jinghan Railway ? 2-6-2 Franco-Belge 40 1920−1923 [9][26]
1541−1555 Class 20: 20−34 Škoda 15 1936 [9][27]
1561−1570 Class 350: 350−359 Lima 10 1920−1922 [9]
プレチ
Purechi		 1501−1505 Longhai Railway Class 50: 51−55 2-6-2T Tubize 5 1914 [9][28]
?? (Shay) 1501−1506 Jingsui Railway Class 25: 25−30 2+2+2 Lima 6 1909−1912 3-truck (Class C) Shay locomotive.[9]
サタイ
Satai		 1501−1506 Manchukuo National ダブロ xxx 2-10-2T Škoda 6 1929−1930 Originally CER class Ь 4001-4007, broad gauge; converted to standard gauge by MNR and transferred to NCTC.[9][29]
1507 Kawasaki 1 1930
サタニ
Satani		 1501−1510 Jinpu Railway ? 2-10-2 Krupp 10 1935 Similar to DRG Class 45.[30]
サタサ
Satasa		 1501 Longhai Railway ? 2-10-2 Tubize 1 1937 [31]
シカコ
Shikako		 1501−15xx Jinghan Railway Class 60: 60−xx 0-6-0T Cockerill ? 1901 [9][32]
ソリニ
Sorini		 1501−1508 Longhai Railway ? 2-8-0 Tubize 8 1925 [9][33]
1511−15xx ? SACM ? 1935−1936 [34]
ソリシ
Sorishi		 1501−1518 Huning Ry ? 2-8-0 ? 18 1919
(to China)		 18 ROD 2-8-0 bought by Huning Railway in 1919.[9]
1519−1521 Shenhai Railway ? North British 3 1926
(to China)		 3 ROD 2-8-0 bought by Shenhai Railway in 1926.[9]
1522−1537 Beining Railway ? Baldwin 16 1920 [9]
ソリコ
Soriko		 1501−1650 JGR various 2-8-0 Kawasaki, Kisha Seizō, JGR Ogura Works 150 1938−1939
(to China)		 JGR Class 9600 locomotives converted to standard gauge and delivered to NCTC.[35]
ソリナ
Sorina		 1501−1510 Jinghan Railway ? 2-8-0 ALCo 10 1917 [9]
テホニ
Tehoni		 1501−1506 Jiaoji Railway Class 70: 70−75 4-6-0 Vulcan Stettin 6 1910−1911 [36]
1507−1523 ? 17 1901−1905
1524−1535 Jinpu Railway ? Hawthorn Leslie 12 1910 [9]
テホサ
Tehosa		 1501−1510~ Beining Railway Class 110: 110−119~ 4-6-0 North British/Tangshan >10 1910−1919 Rebuilt with superheaters in the late 1930s.[9][37]
テホシ
Tehoshi		 1501−1505 Jiaoji Railway Class 300: 301−305 4-6-0 Schwartzkopff 5 1913 [38]
テホコ
Tehoko		 1501−1511~ ? ? 4-6-0 Henschel, Hanomag >11 1910−1913 [39]
テホロ
Tehoro		 1501−1510 Jinghan Railway ? 4-6-0 Tubize? 10 1913−1914 [40]
テホナ
Tehona		 1501−1532 Jinghan Railway Class 200: 201−232 4-6-0 France 32 1904−1907 [41]
1541−1550 Longhai Railway ? 10 1909 [9]

Narrow gauge

Class Numbers Original owner Original
class & numbers		 Wheel
arr.		 Builder Total
in class		 Year built Image Notes
デカA
DekaA		 1501−1550~ Tongpu Railway Class 300: 300−349 2-10-0 Henschel ~50 1937 1000 mm.[42]
デカB
DekaB		 1501−1550~ Tongpu Railway Class 350: 350−399~ 2-10-0 Kisha Seizō, Hitachi ~50 1936 1000 mm.[43]
ホネA
HoneA		 1501−1530 Zhengtai Railway Class 100: 100−129 0-6-4T Fives-Lille ? 1906 1000 mm. Forney locomotive.[9]
モガA
MogaA		 1501−15xx Tongpu Railway Class 100: 100−1xx 2-6-0 ALCo <10 1908 [9]
モガB
MogaB		 1501−1503~ Tongpu Railway Class 110: 110−112~ 2-6-0 Henschel >3 1934−1935 1067 mm.[44]
モガC
MogaC		 1501−15xx Japanese Government Railways Class 8620: 78625, others? 2-6-0 Kawasaki
(78625)		 ? 1924
(78625)		 1067 mm.[9] JGR Class 8620 supplied second-hand after 1938.
プレA
PureA		 1501−1560 Japanese Government Railways Class C12: 101-102
103-105
106
107-109
110-113
114-135
136-138
139-143
144-147
148-154
155-156
157-160		 2-6-2T Nippon Sharyō
Mitsubishi
Kawasaki
Kisha Seizō
Hitachi
Kawasaki
Hitachi
Nippon Sharyō
Kawasaki
Kisha Seizō
Nippon Sharyō
Kisha Seizō		 60 1935-1937 1067 mm. JGR Class C12 converted to 1000 mm and shipped to NCTC.[9]
プレB
PureB		 1501−1502 ? ? 2-6-2 Kawasaki 2 1923, 1927 [9]
シカ
Shika		 1501−1505~ Tongpu Railway LCK10 0-6-0T Barclay 1? 1913 1067 mm.[45]
LCK20 Vulcan Iron Works (UK) 1? 1910 762 mm.
5−x Japan >1 1921 [9]
Zhengtai Railway Class 10: 11~ France >1 1905 [46]
ソリA
SoriA		 1501−1526 Japanese Government Railway Clasa 9050: ? 2-8-0 various 26 1937−1938
(regauged)		 1067 mm. JGR Class C12 converted to 1000 mm and shipped to NCTC.

Services

Observation car formerly used on the Tairiku Express, now preserved at the Beijing Railway Museum.
The same observation car in service on the Tairiku at Gyeongseong, Korea.

The North China Transportation Company ran a number of long-distance trains, both within China and in conjunction with the South Manchuria Railway and the Chosen Government Railway. Notable trains include the "Tairiku" ("Continental") and "Kōa" limited express trains between Beijing and Busan, Korea. The "Tairiku" entered service in 1938, making the trip from Busan to Beijing in 37.5 hours in 1940; the train was discontinued in 1944. The observation car used on this train is preserved at the Beijing Railway Museum. The "Kōa" was put into operation in 1939, making the same trip in 39.5 hours in 1940, but by 1945 the trip took 49 hours. The "Kōa" was discontinued after the Japanese defeat in the Pacific War.

References

  1. ^ 我们的火车站 (AM2)
  2. ^ 我们的火车站 (DB3)
  3. ^ 我们的火车站 (DB4)
  4. ^ 我们的火车站 (DK3)
  5. ^ 我们的火车站 (ET3)
  6. ^ 我们的火车站 (ET4)
  7. ^ 我们的火车站 (FN1)
  8. ^ 我们的火车站 (FN2)
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at 万国牌蒸汽机车型号
  10. ^ 我们的火车站 (ML2)
  11. ^ 我们的火车站 (ML3)
  12. ^ 我们的火车站 (ML4)
  13. ^ "中國鐵路蒸汽機車大事記（1865-2000）". Archived from the original on 2017-09-08. Retrieved 2017-09-15.
  14. ^ a b Kokubu, Hayato (January 2007). 将軍様の鉄道 [Shōgun-sama no Tetsudō] (in Japanese). 新潮社 (Shinchosha). p. 107. ISBN 978-4-10-303731-6.
  15. ^ JF13型蒸汽机车
  16. ^ 我们的火车站 (MG2)
  17. ^ 我们的火车站 (MG3)
  18. ^ 我们的火车站 (MG5)
  19. ^ "VFL.Ru это, фотохостинг без регистрации, и быстрый хостинг изображений".
  20. ^ 我们的火车站 (MG6)
  21. ^ a b 我们的火车站 (MG7)
  22. ^ MG型35号蒸汽机车
  23. ^ a b c d 勝利型蒸汽機車
  24. ^ 我们的火车站 (PL12)
  25. ^ 站台票欣赏——蒸汽机车生肖站台票
  26. ^ 我们的火车站 (PL9)
  27. ^ 我们的火车站 (PL9-2)
  28. ^ 我们的火车站 (PL10)
  29. ^ [Historie - Škoda Transportation a.s.]
  30. ^ 我们的火车站 (ST2)
  31. ^ 我们的火车站 (ST3)
  32. ^ 我们的火车站 (XK5)
  33. ^ 我们的火车站 (KD2)
  34. ^ 我们的火车站 (KD2-2)
  35. ^ 中国蒸汽機車世紀集影 (Centennial Collection of Chinese Steam Locomotives), China Railway Publishing House, July 2001, ISBN 7-113-04148-5 (in Chinese)
  36. ^ 我们的火车站 (TH2)
  37. ^ 我们的火车站 (TH3)
  38. ^ 我们的火车站 (TH4)
  39. ^ 我们的火车站 (TH5)
  40. ^ 我们的火车站 (TH6)
  41. ^ 我们的火车站 (TH7)
  42. ^ 我们的火车站 (DK51)
  43. ^ 我们的火车站 (DK51-2)
  44. ^ 我们的火车站 (MG51)
  45. ^ 蒸汽机车科普 (LCK10)
  46. ^ 我们的火车站 (XK9)