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Museum für Moderne Kunst
	Museum für Moderne Kunst, main entrance, in 2009
Established	1981
Location	Museumsufer, Altstadt, Frankfurt, Germany
Coordinates	50°06′42″N 08°41′05″E / 50.11167°N 8.68472°E
Type	Art museum
Key holdings	Joseph Beuys, Andy Warhol, Roy Lichtenstein, Claes Oldenburg
Collections	Modern art
Collection size	4,500
Visitors	92,696 (2018)
Director	Susanne Pfeffer
Architect	Hans Hollein
Public transit access	Dom/Römer (3 min); Konstablerwache; 11, 12, 14 Römer/Paulskirche (3 min);
Website	www.mmk.art

The Museum für Moderne Kunst (Museum of Modern Art), or short MMK, in Frankfurt, was founded in 1981 and opened to the public 6 June 1991. The museum was designed by the Viennese architect Hans Hollein.^[2] It is part of Frankfurt's Museumsufer (Museum Riverbank). Because of its triangular shape, the MMK is popularly called the Tortenstück ("piece of cake").^[3] Since 2018, Susanne Pfeffer [de] has been director of the MMK.^[4]

History

The newest of Frankfurt's museums was founded in 1981.^[5] The idea to set up a museum for modern art in Frankfurt came from Peter Iden, an influential theatre and art critic at the Frankfurter Rundschau and founding director of the museum (1978–1987). With the Mayor Walter Wallmann (CDU) and the Head of the Cultural department Hilmar Hoffmann (SPD) Iden found political advocates for his project. In 1989, the Swiss art historian and curator Jean-Christophe Ammann^[6] moved from the Kunsthalle Basel to Frankfurt am Main and opened the new Museum für Moderne Kunst (MMK) Frankfurt am Main there on 6 June 1991. With a new exhibition model, the Change of Scene, which took place a total of 20 times with the help of private sponsors (Change of Scene I, 1992 until Change of Scene XX, 2001–02), the new museum gained international renown. At the change of scene exhibitions, the inventory of the museum was rearranged every six months and enriched with new additions, loans and special exhibitions.^[7]

In 1983, Hollein won the competition for the Museum für Moderne Kunst;^[8] three years earlier, his proposal for the city's Museum für angewandte Kunst had finished a close second behind Richard Meier's prize-winning design. The ground-breaking was delayed until 1987, and the new museum was eventually built at a cost of about $38 million.^[9] It opened in 1991.^[10]

The MMK Zollamt is a satellite exhibition site that since 1999 has belonged to the MMK and is located in a building directly opposite the museum that once was home to the City of Frankfurt's Main Customs Office. The building has been completely modernised and artistic positions by younger artists or "unknowns" have been presented here regularly since 2007 with the support of Jürgen Ponto-Stiftung.^[11]

Architecture

Hollein molded a building to the three-sided space, so that the large rooms at the narrow end are wedge-shaped, producing 3,500 m² (38,000 sq ft) of exhibition space.^[9] The height of the three-storey building is adapted to the surroundings and is characterised by the "triangular shape" and facade design. The building houses three main levels for exhibitions and an administration area on the mezzanine, which is located above the entrance area and the cafeteria. The MMK library and archive are also located in this area. The entire area of the museum has a basement. There are workshops, depots and a lecture hall.^[12]

Collection

The core of the museum is the legacy of German collector Karl Ströher with 87 works of Pop art and Minimalism.^[13] The manufacturer Ströher had originally bequeathed to his native city of Darmstadt on condition that a museum be built to house them. When funds for the project were not approved, Ströher's heirs sold the choice ensemble to Frankfurt and donated the painting "Yellow and Green Brushstrokes" by Roy Lichtenstein to the museum as a gift.^[14] Major artists since the 1950s from the Ströher Collection displayed,^[9] including Jasper Johns, Robert Rauschenberg, Carl Andre, John Chamberlain, Dan Flavin, Donald Judd, Roy Lichtenstein, Walter de Maria, Robert Morris, Claes Oldenburg, James Rosenquist, Frank Stella, Cy Twombly, Andy Warhol, Tom Wesselman and George Segal, with his Jazz Combo. Between 1981 and 1987, the museum's co-founder Peter Iden^[15] expanded the collection by adding works from the seventies and eighties.^[16] Later parts of the collection have been amassed by the museum's first director,^[17] Jean-Christophe Ammann.^[18]^[19] In 2006 the Museum für Moderne Kunst, along with the Kunstmuseum Liechtenstein and the Kunstmuseum St. Gallen, acquired the private collection of Cologne art dealer Rolf Ricke, comprising works by Richard Artschwager, Bill Bollinger, Donald Judd, Gary Kuehn, und Steven Parrino. Today, the permanent collection includes over 4,500 works of international art, ranging from the 1960s to the present.^[20]

Locations

Museum, Domstraße 10 (MUSEUM ^MMK FÜR MODERNE KUNST)^[21]
Taunusturm, Taunustor 1 (TOWER^MMK)^[21]
Zollamt, Domstraße 3 (ZOLLAMT^MMK)^[21]

Exhibitions

1985: Bilder für Frankfurt. Sammlung Museum für Moderne Kunst im Deutschen Architekturmuseum, Frankfurt
1987: Dalla Pop Art Americana alla nuova figurazione. Museum für Moderne Kunst / Padiglione d'arte contemporanea, Milano
1991: Opening Exhibition Museum für Moderne Kunst Frankfurt, 6 June 1991
1991: Carl Andre: Extraneous Roots
1994: Das Museum für Moderne Kunst und die Sammlung Ströher
1997: Views from Abroad: European Perspectives on American Art
1997: Thomas Bayrle: TassenTassen 1967–1997
1997: Alex Katz: Smiles
1998: Alighiero Boetti: Die Welt zur Welt bringen / Mettere al Mondo il Mondo
1999: Bill Viola: A 25 Year Survey Exhibition – Werke aus 25 Jahren
1999: Dan Flavin: Two Primary Series and one Secondary, Projektraum MMK im Alten Hauptzollamt
2000: Eric Fischl: Works from the 1980s & Travel of Romance
2000: Screenings 01 – 10: Filme, Videos und Videoinstallationen, Projektraum MMK im Alten Hauptzollamt
2001: Lucian Freud: Naked Portraits
2001: Jeff Wall: Figures and Places
2002: Hans Peter Feldmann: Kinderzimmer
2002: Das Museum, die Sammlung, der Direktor und seine Liebschaften
2002: Martin Boyce: Dornbracht Installation Projects
2003: Das lebendige Museum
2003: Rosemarie Trockel: Das Kinderzimmer
2004: Teresa Margolles: Muerte sin fin
2004: Elaine Sturtevant: The Brutal Truth
2005: Whats New, Pussycat?
2005: Spinnwebzeit: Die ebay-Vernetzung
2006: Barbara Klemm: 14 Tage China im Jahre 1985
2006: Thomas Bayrle: 40 Years Chinese Rock'n'Roll
2006: Thomas Demand: Klause
2006: Humanism in China. Ein fotografisches Porträt
2006: Serge Spitzer und Ai Weiwei: Territorial
2006: Andreas Slominski: Roter Sand und ein gefundenes Glück
2007: Maurizio Cattelan
2007: Das Kapital. Blue Chips & Masterpieces
2007: Verwendungsnachweis. Stipendiaten der Jürgen Ponto-Stiftung 2003 – 2006
2007: Taryn Simon: An American Index of the Hidden and Unfamiliar
2007: Frank Moritz: Menschenbild II
2008: Hans Josephsohn: Bildhauer
2008: Miroslav Tichý: Fotograf
2008: Bernard Buffet: Maler
2008: © Takashi Murakami
2009: Bogomir Ecker, Mark Wallinger und ein Unbekannter Meister: Angel Dust
2009: Yellow and Green. Positionen aus der Sammlung des MMK
2009: Double Reiner Ruthenbeck: Umgekippte Möbel, 1971
2009: Sarah Morris: Gemini Dressage
2009: Gerhard Richter: 2 Seestücke, 1975
2009: Jack Goldstein
2009: Double Sol LeWitt: Wall Drawing #261, 1975
2009: Peter Roehr: Werke aus Frankfurter Sammlungen
2009: Double Isa Genzken: 3 Vollellipsoide Skulpturen, 1978
2010: Radical Conceptual. Positionen aus der Sammlung des MMK
2010: Funktionen der Zeichnung. Konzeptuelle Kunst auf Papier aus der Sammlung des MMK
2010: Double Wolfgang Laib: Blütenstaub von Haselnuß
2010: Florian Hecker: Event, Stream, Objekt
2010: Double Andreas Slominski: Fallen – Hochsprunganlage – Berg Sportgeräte, 1988
2010: Double Anri Sala: "Title Suspended", 2008
2010: Not in Fashion. Mode und Fotografie der 90er Jahre
2010: The Lucid Evidence. Fotografie aus der Sammlung des MMK
2011: New Frankfurt Internationals: Stories and Stages
2011: Félix González-Torres: Specific Objects without Specific Form
2011: MMK 1991–2011. 20 Jahre Gegenwart im MMK, MMK Zollamt und MainTor-Areal
2011: Douglas Gordon
2012: Andy Warhol: Headlines
2012: MAKING HISTORY. Im Rahmen von RAY – Fotografieprojekte Frankfurt Rhein/Main
2012: Fotografie Total. Werke aus der Sammlung des MMK
2012: Thomas Scheibitz: One-Time Pad
2012: Alex Monteith: Exercise Blackbird
2013: Carsten Nicolai: Unidisplay. Uni(psycho)acoustic
2013: Rineke Dijkstra: The Krazy House
2013: Danica Dakić: Safe Frame
2013: Franz West: Wo ist mein Achter?
2013/2014: Hélio Oiticica: Das große Labyrinth
2014: Die Göttliche Komödie: Himmel, Hölle, Fegefeuer aus Sicht afrikanischer Gegenwartskünstler
2014/2015: Subodh Gupta: Everything is Inside
2014/2015: Sturtevant. Drawing Double Reversal
2015: Gerald Domenig: Ausstellungsvorbereitung
2015: Isa Genzken: New Works
2015: Imagine Reality. RAY 2015 Fotografieprojekte Frankfurt RheinMain
2015: William Forsythe: The Fact of Matter
2016: Kader Attia: Sacrifice and Harmony
2016–17: Mathieu Kleyebe Abonnenc: Mefloquine Dreams
2016–17: Fiona Tan: Geografie der Zeit
2016–17: 25 Jahre MMK Museum für Moderne Kunst – Neue Sammlungspräsentation
2017: Ed Atkins: Corpsing
2017: Claudia Andujar: Morgen darf nicht gestern sein
2017: Carolee Schneemann: Kinetische Malerei
2017–18: A Tale of Two Worlds. Experimentelle Kunst Lateinamerikas der 1940er- bis 80er-Jahre im Dialog mit der Sammlung des MMK
2018–19: Cady Noland
2019: Marianna Simnett
2019–20: Museum
2020: Frank Walter
2020: Marcel Duchamp
2022: Stéphane Mandelbaum
2022-23: Rosemarie Trockel
2023: Cameron Rowland
2023-24: Elizabeth Catlett
2023-24: Helena Uambembe
2024: "There is no there there"

The museum and its director, Susanne Gaensheimer, were commissioned to curate the German Pavilion at the Venice Biennale in 2011 and 2013.^[22]

Gallery

Northern facade of the museum
Museum interior

References

^ "Besucherzahlen der Frankfurter Museen 2018". Stadtkind Frankfurt - Reflexionen aus dem urbanen Leben (in German). 20 November 2019. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
^ "129_Museum Moderner Kunst / museums/cultural buildings / Typology / Architecture / Home". hollein.com. Retrieved 31 December 2022.
^ "Tortenstück". Frankfurter Rundschau (in German). 10 February 2005. Retrieved 31 December 2022.
^ "Mit jeder Ausstellung versuche ich das Museum neu zu denken". hr2.de (in German). 5 April 2022. Retrieved 31 December 2022.
^ "Geschichte". www.mmk.art. Retrieved 30 January 2020.
^ Lauter, Rolf (ed.): Für Jean-Christophe Ammann, Festschrift zum 60. Geburtstag, Societätsverlag, Frankfurt, 2001. ISBN 978-3-7973-0789-7
^ Andreas Bee: Zehn Jahre Museum für Moderne Kunst Frankfurt am Main. DuMont, Köln 2003, ISBN 978-3-83215-629-9.
^ Burgard, Roland. "Offener Realisierungswettbewerb Museum für Moderne Kunst Frankfurt 1983". www.worldcat.org. Retrieved 30 January 2020.
^ ^a ^b ^c David Galloway (6 July 1991), Museum à la Mode in Frankfurt International Herald Tribune.
^ "Frankfurter Tortenstück". www.kunstforum.de (in German). Retrieved 28 August 2020.
^ "Jürgen Ponto Stiftung – zur Förderung junger Künstler". www.juergen-ponto-stiftung.de. Retrieved 30 January 2020.
^ Hollein, Hans; Iden, Peter; Lauter, Rolf (1985). Gestaltungsprinzipien der Museumsarchitektur, in: Bilder für Frankfurt,. München: Prestel. pp. 7–9. ISBN 3-7913-0702-9.
^ "Collection Ströher". collection.mmk.art. Sammlung Museum für Moderne Kunst Frankfurt am Main. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
^ Lauter, Rolf (1994). Das Museum für Moderne Kunst und die Sammlung Ströher. Zur Geschichte einer Privatsammlung. Frankfurt: Societätsverlag. p. 88. ISBN 978-3-7973-0585-5.
^ "Café Deutschland. Im Gespräch mit PETER IDEN".
^ Iden, Peter; Lauter, Rolf: Dalla pop art americana alla nuova figurazione: opere del Museo d'arte moderna di Francoforte, Padiglione d'arte contemporanea, Milan, 1987. ISBN 978-88-202-0763-2
^ Rolf Lauter (ed.): Für Jean-Christophe Ammann, Festschrift zum 60. Geburtstag, Societätsverlag, Frankfurt am Main, 2001. ISBN 978-3-7973-0789-7
^ Michael Kimmelman (18 August 1991), Avoiding the Clean-White-Box Syndrome New York Times.
^ "Ammann, Jean-Christophe". Frankfurter Personenlexikon (in German). Retrieved 31 December 2022.
^ Online Collection of the Museum für Moderne Kunst Frankfurt/Main
^ ^a ^b ^c "Besuchen". MMK (in German). Retrieved 31 December 2022.
^ Alexander Forbes (8 May 2012), Susanne Gaensheimer to Curate German Pavilion at 2013 Venice Biennale ARTINFO.

Bibliography

Iden, Peter; Lauter, Rolf: Bilder für Frankfurt: Bestandskatalog des Museums für Moderne Kunst, München, Prestel 1985, ISBN 3-7913-0702-9; ISBN 978-3-7913-0702-2
Conley, Patrick (1989). "Jean-Christophe Ammann. Fragen an den Direktor des Museums für Moderne Kunst" [Jean-Christophe Ammann. Questions to the director of the Museum of Modern Art]. ART Position (in German). 1 (3): 7–9. ISSN 0937-440X.
Publikationsliste des MMK, July 2004 edition (PDF-Version, 60 KB)
Kiefer, Theresia: Architektur und Konzeption eines zeitgenössischen Museums am Beispiels des Museums für moderne Kunst in Frankfurt am Main. 1995
Bee, Andreas: Zusammengedrängt zwischen zwei Buchdeckeln. In: Zehn Jahre Museum für Moderne Kunst Frankfurt am Main. Köln 2003
Hollein, Hans: Ausstellen, Aufstellen, Abstellen Überlegungen zur Aufgabe des Museums für Moderne Kunst. In: Museum für Moderne Kunst. Schriftreihe des Hochbauamtes zu Bauaufgaben der Stadt Frankfurt am Main. Der Magistrat der Stadt Frankfurt am Main. Frankfurt 1991. ISBN 978-3-433-02405-8.
Ammann, Jean-Christophe; Christmut Präger: Museum für Moderne Kunst und Sammlung Ströher. Frankfurt 1992
Lauter, Rolf (ed.): Das Museum für Moderne Kunst und die Sammlung Ströher. Zur Geschichte einer Privatsammlung, Ausstellungskatalog (5. Dezember 1994 bis 8. Januar 1995), Frankfurt am Main, 1994. ISBN 3-7973-0585-0.
Klotz, Heinrich (1984). "Das neue Frankfurt". Jahrbuch für Architektur. ISSN 0720-4590.
Hans Hollein, Gestaltungsprinzipien der Museumsarchitektur. In: Iden, Peter; Lauter, Rolf (Ed.), Bilder für Frankfurt, Bestandskatalog des Museums für Moderne Kunst Frankfurt. München 1985. ISBN 978-3-7913-0702-2
Schoeler, Andreas von: Museum für Moderne Kunst Frankfurt am Main. Ernst & Sohn, 1991