List of the Cenozoic life of North Dakota

This list of the Cenozoic life of North Dakota contains the various prehistoric life-forms whose fossilized remains have been reported from within the US state of North Dakota and are between 66 million and 10,000 years of age.

A

Acer
†Acrovena – type locality for genus
- †Acrovena laevis – type locality for species
†Actinodonta
†Adjidaumo^[1]
- †Adjidaumo minimus^[1]
- †Adjidaumo minutus^[1]
†Aesculus
- †Aesculus hickeyi – type locality for species
†Agnotocastor^[1]
- †Agnotocastor praetereadens^[1]
†Aletodon
- †Aletodon quadravus
Fossilized skeleton of the Late Cretaceous-Oligocene Alligator relative Allognathosuchus
†Allognathosuchus – type locality for genus
- †Allognathosuchus mlynarskii – type locality for species
†Altasciurus^[1]
- †Altasciurus leonardi – type locality for species^[1]
†Alveugena
- †Alveugena carbonensis
†Amersinia
- †Amersinia FU082 informal
- †Amersinia FU82 informal
†Amesoneuron
- †Amesoneuron FU037 informal
Amia
- †Amia fragosa
- †Amia uintaensis
†Ampelopsis
- †Ampelopsis acerifolia
†Amphicaenopus
- †Amphicaenopus platycephalus
†Ankylodon – or unidentified comparable form
†Apternodus
†Archaeocyon
- †Archaeocyon leptodus
Life restoration of the Eocene-Oligocene entelodont mammal Archaeotherium
†Archaeotherium
- †Archaeotherium mortoni
†Arctocyon
†Ardynomys
- †Ardynomys saskatchewensis
†Averrhoites
- †Averrhoites affinis
†Axestemys
- †Axestemys montinsana
Azolla
- †Azolla montana
- †Azolla stanleyi – type locality for species
†Azollopsis
- †Azollopsis tomentosa

B

†Bathycyathus
- †Bathycyathus lloydi – type locality for species
†Batrachosauroides
- †Batrachosauroides gotoi – type locality for species
†Beringiaphyllum – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
- †Beringiaphyllum cupanioides
†Bessoecetor
- †Bessoecetor septentrionalis
Betula
- †Betula hesterna – type locality for species
†Bisonalveus
- †Bisonalveus holtzmani
†Borealosuchus
- †Borealosuchus formidabilis – type locality for species
†Boremys
†Bothriodon
Restorative portrait of the Miocene oreodont mammal Brachycrus
†Brachycrus
†Browniea
- †Browniea serrata

C

†Cabomba
- †Cabomba inermis
†Calamagras
- †Calamagras weigeli
†Canariophyllum – type locality for genus
- †Canariophyllum ampla – type locality for species
Canticocculus
†Cantius
- †Cantius frugivorus
†Carpites
- †Carpites verrucosus
†Carpodaptes
- †Carpodaptes hazelae – or unidentified comparable form
- †Carpodaptes hobackensis – or unidentified comparable form
†Carpolithes
- †Carpolithes arcticus
- †Carpolithes bryangosus – type locality for species
- †Carpolithes lunatus – type locality for species
A living Carya, or hickory tree
Carya
- †Carya antiquorum
†Cedromus^[1]
- †Cedromus wardi^[1]
Celtis
- †Celtis aspera
†Centetodon
- †Centetodon chadronensis
- †Centetodon magnus
- †Centetodon marginalis
†Centimanomys
†Ceratophyllum
- †Ceratophyllum FU080 informal
Cercidiphyllum
- †Cercidiphyllum arcticum
- †Cercidiphyllum articum
- †Cercidiphyllum ellipticum
- †Cercidiphyllum genetrix
†Chaetoptelea
- †Chaetoptelea microphylla
Life restoration of the Late Cretaceous-Eocene choristoderan reptile Champsosaurus
†Champsosaurus
- †Champsosaurus gigas – type locality for species
- †Champsosaurus tenuis – type locality for species
†Chrysotriton – type locality for genus
- †Chrysotriton tiheni – type locality for species
Cocculus
- †Cocculus flabella
†Coniophis
†Conoryctella
- †Conoryctella dragonensis – or unidentified comparable form
†Cornophyllum
- †Cornophyllum newberryi
Cornus
- †Cornus hyperborea
†Corylus
- †Corylus acutertiaria – type locality for species
- †Corylus FU079 informal
- †Corylus insignis
Life restoration of the Paleocene-Eocene pantodont mammal Coryphodon. Heinrich Harder (1920).
†Coryphodon
- †Coryphodon armatus – or unidentified comparable form
†Cotradechites – type locality for genus
- †Cotradechites lithinus – type locality for species
†Credneria
- †Credneria daturaefolia – tentative report
†Cupressinocladus
- †Cupressinocladus interruptus
Cyclocarya
- †Cyclocarya brownii
†Cylindrodon
- †Cylindrodon collinus
†Cyperacites
†Cypressaurus

D

†Dakotornis – type locality for genus
- †Dakotornis cooperi – type locality for species
Life restoration of the Eocene-Miocene bear dog Daphoenus
†Daphoenus
†Davidia
- †Davidia antiqua
†Dennstaedtia
- †Dennstaedtia americana
†Diacocherus
- †Diacocherus minutus
†Diacodexis – tentative report
Restoration of the Oligocene-Miocene hornless rhinoceros Diceratherium. Robert Bruce Horsfall (1913).
†Diceratherium
- †Diceratherium tridactylum
Dicotylophyllum
- †Dicotylophyllum anomalum
- †Dicotylophyllum hamameloides – type locality for species
- †Dicotylophyllum hebronensis – type locality for species
- †Dicotylophyllum mercerensis – type locality for species
- †Dicotylophyllum oblongatum – type locality for species
†Didelphodus – or unidentified comparable form
†Didymictis
Life restoration of the Eocene-Miocene false saber-toothed cat Dinictis. Robert Bruce Horsfall (1913).
†Dinictis
†Dissacus
†Dombeya
- †Dombeya novimundi – type locality for species
†Domnina
- †Domnina sagittariensis – type locality for species
- †Domnina thompsoni – or unidentified comparable form
†Dorraletes
- †Dorraletes diminutivus
†Douglassciurus
- †Douglassciurus jeffersoni
†Drepanochilus – tentative report

E

Fossilized shell of the Eocene turtle Echmatemys
†Echmatemys
- †Echmatemys testudinea
†Ectocion
- †Ectocion collinus
†Ectypodus
- †Ectypodus hazeni
- †Ectypodus lovei
†Elliptio
- †Elliptio priscus
†Elomeryx
- †Elomeryx armatus
†Entomolestes
†Equisetum
- †Equisetum FU036 informal
- †Equisetum magnum – type locality for species
†Eucommia
- †Eucommia serrata
†Eumys^[1]
- †Eumys brachyodus^[1]
- †Eumys elegans
- †Eumys lammersi – type locality for species^[1]
†Eutypomys
- †Eutypomys hibernodus – type locality for species
- †Eutypomys parvus

F

A living Ficus, or fig tree
Ficus
- †Ficus subtruncata
†Fokieniopsis
- †Fokieniopsis catenulata
†Fraxinus
- †Fraxinus eocenica

G

Ginkgo
- Restored foliage of the Late Cretaceous-Miocene ginkgo tree Ginkgo adiantoides
  †Ginkgo adiantoides
Glyptostrobus
- †Glyptostrobus europaeus
- †Glyptostrobus nordenskioldi
†Gomphaeschna
- †Gomphaeschna schrankii – type locality for species

H

†Harmsia
- †Harmsia hydrocotyloidea
†Heliscomys^[1]
- †Heliscomys borealis – type locality for species^[1]
- †Heliscomys medius – or unidentified comparable form^[1]
- †Heliscomys senex^[1]
- †Heliscomys vetus – or unidentified comparable form
†Helodermoides
Hemitelia
- †Hemitelia magna
†Herpetotherium
- †Herpetotherium fugax – or unidentified comparable form
- †Herpetotherium valens
Life restoration of the Eocene-Oligocene dog Hesperocyon. Robert Bruce Horsfall (1913).
†Hesperocyon
- †Hesperocyon gregarius
†Hesperopetes^[1]
- †Hesperopetes blacki – or unidentified comparable form^[1]
†Homogalax
- †Homogalax aureus – type locality for species
†Hydromystria
- †Hydromystria expansa
†Hyopsodus
- †Hyopsodus loomisi
†Hypertragulus
†Hyracodon

I

†Ignacius
- †Ignacius frugivorus
Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Eocene-Oligocene rodent Ischyromys
†Ischyromys^[1]
- †Ischyromys junctus
- †Ischyromys typus^[1]
- †Ischyromys veterior – or unidentified comparable form
†Isoetites
- †Isoetites horridus

J

†Joffrichthys
- †Joffrichthys triangulpterus – type locality for species
Juglans
- †Juglans taurina

K

Flowers of a living Kalmia shrub
†Kalmia – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
- †Kalmia elliptica
†Kirkomys^[1]

L

†Labidolemur
- †Labidolemur soricoides
†Lemnaceae
- †Lemnaceae scutatum
Illustration of a living Lepisosteus, or gar
Lepisosteus
- †Lepisosteus occidentalis
†Leptacodon
- †Leptacodon tener
†Leptauchenia
- †Leptauchenia decora
†Leptictis
- †Leptictis acutidens – or unidentified comparable form
- †Leptictis dakotensis
†Leptodontomys
- †Leptodontomys douglassi
Life restoration of the Eocene-Oligocene even-toed ungulate Leptomeryx
†Leptomeryx
- †Leptomeryx evansi
- †Leptomeryx yoderi – or unidentified comparable form
†Litocherus
- †Litocherus zygeus
†Lophiparamys
- †Lophiparamys murinus – or unidentified comparable form
Lygodium
- †Lygodium kaulfussi

M

Marchantia
- †Marchantia pealei
- †Marchantia pealii
†Megalagus
- †Megalagus brachyodon – or unidentified comparable form
Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Miocene-Pleistocene ground sloth Megalonyx
†Megalonyx
- †Megalonyx jeffersonii
†Meliosma
- †Meliosma longifolia
†Meliosoma
- †Meliosoma rostellata
†Menispermites
- †Menispermites parvareolatus – type locality for species
†Merychyus
†Merycochoerus
†Merycoidodon
- †Merycoidodon bullatus
- †Merycoidodon culbertsoni
- †Merycoidodon major
†Mesodma
- †Mesodma pygmaea
†Mesohippus
- †Mesohippus bairdi
- †Mesohippus propinquus – or unidentified comparable form
- †Mesohippus westoni – or unidentified comparable form
Restoration of the Eocene-Miocene swamp rhinoceros Metamynodon. Charles R. Knight (1896).
†Metamynodon
†Metaparamys
- †Metaparamys dawsonae – or unidentified comparable form
Metasequoia
- †Metasequoia occidentalis
†Miacis
†Microcosmodon
†Microparamys – or unidentified comparable form^[1]
†Micropternodus
- †Micropternodus borealis – or unidentified comparable form
†Microsyops
- †Microsyops angustidens
†Mimetodon
- †Mimetodon silberlingi
†Miniochoerus
- †Miniochoerus starkensis – type locality for species
†Miohippus
- †Miohippus obliquidens
†Musophyllum
- †Musophyllum complicatum

N

†Nannodectes
†Nanotragulus
†Nelumbago
- †Nelumbago montanum
†Nelumbium
A living Nelumbo lotus
†Nelumbo
- †Nelumbo aureavallis – type locality for species
- †Nelumbo FU062 informal
- †Nelumbo FU085 informal
- †Nelumbo FU62 informal
†Neoplagiaulax
- †Neoplagiaulax hunteri
- †Neoplagiaulax mckennai
- †Neoplagiaulax nanophus
†Nephrops
- †Nephrops buntingi – type locality for species
†Nordenskioldia
- †Nordenskioldia borealis
†Notomorpha
- †Notomorpha garmanii
Anatomy of a de-shelled Nototeredo shipworm
†Nototeredo
- †Nototeredo globosa
†Nyssa
- †Nyssa alata
†Nyssidium
- †Nyssidium arcticum
- †Nyssidium articum

O

†Ogmophis
- †Ogmophis compactus
†Oligoryctes
- †Oligoryctes altitalonidus
- †Oligoryctes cameronensis – or unidentified comparable form
†Oligoscalops
- †Oligoscalops galbreathi
†Oligotheriomys^[1]
- †Oligotheriomys magnus^[1]
- †Oligotheriomys primus – type locality for species
†Onoclea
- †Onoclea hesperia
Fossil of the Permian-modern crustacean burrow ichnogenus Ophiomorpha
†Ophiomorpha
- †Ophiomorpha nodosa
†Oreithyia
- †Oreithyia oaklandi
†Osbornodon
- †Osbornodon renjiei – type locality for species
†Osmunda
- †Osmunda macrophylla
†Oxyacodon
- †Oxyacodon priscilla

P

†Palaeanodon – tentative report
†Palaeocarpinus
Restoration of the Oligocene rabbit relative Palaeolagus
†Palaeolagus
- †Palaeolagus haydeni
- †Palaeolagus temnodon – or unidentified comparable form
†Palaeophytocrene
†Palaeopsammia
- †Palaeopsammia zitteli – type locality for species
†Palaeoryctes
- †Palaeoryctes punctatus – or unidentified comparable form
†Palaeosinopa
†Palaeoxantusia – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
- †Palaeoxantusia borealis
†Paleotomus
- †Paleotomus senior – or unidentified comparable form
†Palmacites
†Paradjidaumo^[1]
- †Paradjidaumo hansonorum – or unidentified comparable form
- †Paradjidaumo trilophus^[1]
†Paramys
- †Paramys excavatus – or unidentified comparable form
†Paranymphaea
- †Paranymphaea crassifolia
†Pararyctes
- †Pararyctes pattersoni
†Parataxodium – or unidentified comparable form
†Paraternstroemia – type locality for genus
- †Paraternstroemia hyphovenosa – type locality for species
†Parectypodus
- †Parectypodus lunatus
†Peltosaurus – or unidentified comparable form
†Penosphyllum
- †Penosphyllum cordatum
†Peradectes
- †Peradectes elegans
†Persites – type locality for genus
- †Persites argutus – type locality for species
Life restoration of the Paleocene-Eocene ungulate Phenacodus. Charles R. Knight (1898).
†Phenacodus
- †Phenacodus grangeri
- †Phenacodus magnus
†Phyllites
- †Phyllites demoresi
- †Phyllites disturbans
†Piceoerpeton
- †Piceoerpeton willwoodense
Pinus
- †Pinus peregrinus – type locality for species
†Pipestoneomys
†Planatus
- †Planatus raynoldsi
†Plastomenus
Platanus
- †Platanus nobilis
- †Platanus raynoldsi
- †Platanus raynoldsii
Platycarya
- †Platycarya americana
Life restoration of the Paleocene-Eocene primate Plesiadapis
†Plesiadapis
- †Plesiadapis anceps
- †Plesiadapis churchilli – or unidentified comparable form
- †Plesiadapis fodinatus – or unidentified comparable form
- †Plesiadapis rex
†Poebrotherium
- †Poebrotherium wilsoni
Populus
- †Populus nebrascensis
†Prochetodon
- †Prochetodon foxi
†Prodiacodon
- †Prodiacodon tauricinerei – or unidentified comparable form
†Prolapsus
†Propalaeosinopa
- †Propalaeosinopa albertensis
†Prosciurus^[1]
- †Prosciurus albiclivus – type locality for species
- †Prosciurus hogansoni – type locality for species^[1]
- †Prosciurus vetustus
†Protictis
- †Protictis microlestes – or unidentified comparable form
- †Protictis paralus – type locality for species
Life restoration of a female (left) and male of the Oligocene-Miocene even-toed ungulate Protoceras. Charles R. Knight (1896).
†Protoceras – tentative report
†Protochelydra
- †Protochelydra zangerli
†Protophyllum
- †Protophyllum semotum – type locality for species
†Protungulatum
†Pseudocylindrodon
- †Pseudocylindrodon silvaticus
†Psidium – tentative report
Pterocarya
- †Pterocarya hispida
†Pterospermites
- †Pterospermites cordata
Illustration of a fossilized skull of the Paleocene multituberculate mammal Ptilodus
†Ptilodus
- †Ptilodus kummae
- †Ptilodus montanus
- †Ptilodus wyomingensis

Q

†Queironius – type locality for genus
- †Queironius praelapsus – type locality for species
A living Quercus, or oak tree
Quercus
- †Quercus macneili
- †Quercus sullyi
- †Quercus yulensis
†Quereuxia
- †Quereuxia angulata

R

†Reithroparamys
A living Rhineura floridana, or North American worm lizard
Rhineura – or unidentified comparable form

S

Sagittaria
- †Sagittaria megasperma
†Salvinia
- †Salvinia aureovallis – type locality for species
- †Salvinia preauriculata
Fossilized skeleton of the Eocene monitor lizard Saniwa
†Saniwa
- †Saniwa edura – type locality for species
- †Saniwa ensidens – or unidentified comparable form
†Sauropithecoides – type locality for genus
- †Sauropithecoides charisticus – type locality for species
†Scapherpeton
†Selaginella
- †Selaginella collieri
†Simoedosaurus
- †Simoedosaurus dakotensis – type locality for species
†Sinclairella
†Sparganium
- †Sparganium antiquum
- †Sparganium parvum – type locality for species
- †Sparganium stygium
†Spathorhynchus – or unidentified comparable form
†Stibarus
- †Stibarus montanus
†Stillingia
- †Stillingia casca – type locality for species
Life restoration of the Eocene-Oligocene cow-sized rhinoceros Subhyracodon. Charles R. Knight (1890s).
†Subhyracodon
- †Subhyracodon occidentalis

T

Taxodium
- †Taxodium olrikii
Fossilized mandible of the Eocene primate Teilhardina
†Teilhardina
†Ternstroemites
- †Ternstroemites aureavallis – type locality for species
†Tetonoides
- †Tetonoides pearcei
Thamnophis
†Thryptacodon
- †Thryptacodon australis
†Thuites
- †Thuites interruptus
†Thuja
- †Thuja interrupta
Tinosaurus
Life restoration of the Paleocene pantodont mammal Titanoides
†Titanoides
- †Titanoides primaevus – type locality for species
†Toxotherium
†Trapa
- †Trapa angulata
†Trichopterodomus – type locality for genus
- †Trichopterodomus leonardi – type locality for species
†Trigonias
Trochocyathus
- †Trochocyathus mitratus – type locality for species
†Trochodendroides
- †Trochodendroides serrulata
†Tuberculacerta – type locality for genus
- †Tuberculacerta pearsoni – type locality for species

U

†Unuchinia
- †Unuchinia dysmathes

V

Leaves and fruit of a living Viburnum.
†Viburnum
- †Viburnum antiquum
- †Viburnum tilioides

W

Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Paleocene Alligator relative Wannaganosuchus
†Wannaganosuchus – type locality for genus
- †Wannaganosuchus brachymanus – type locality for species
†Wardiaphyllum
- †Wardiaphyllum daturaefolium
†Willeumys^[1]
- †Willeumys viduus^[1]
†Woodwardia
- †Woodwardia arctica
- †Woodwardia gravida – type locality for species

X

†Xestops – or unidentified comparable form

Y

†Yoderimys
- †Yoderimys stewarti – or unidentified comparable form

Z

†Zingiberopsis – type locality for genus
- †Zingiberopsis isonervosa – type locality for species

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa ^ab ^ac ^ad William W. Korth; Robert J. Emry; Clint A. Boyd; Jeff J. Person (2019). "Rodents (Mammalia) from Fitterer Ranch, Brule Formation (Oligocene), North Dakota". Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology. 103 (103): iv-45. doi:10.5479/si.1943-6688.103.

Various Contributors to the Paleobiology Database. "Fossilworks: Gateway to the Paleobiology Database". Retrieved 17 December 2021.

[SCP103-1] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa ^ab ^ac ^ad William W. Korth; Robert J. Emry; Clint A. Boyd; Jeff J. Person (2019). "Rodents (Mammalia) from Fitterer Ranch, Brule Formation (Oligocene), North Dakota". Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology. 103 (103): iv-45. doi:10.5479/si.1943-6688.103.

[1]