List of restriction enzyme cutting sites: A
This article contains a list of restriction enzymes whose names start with A and have a clearly defined cutting site.
The following information is given for each enzyme:
Name of Restriction Enzyme : Accepted name of the molecule , according to the internationally adopted nomenclature ,[ 1] [ 2] and bibliographical references . Note: When alphabetizing, enzymes are first ordered alphabetically by the acronyms (everything before the roman numeral); then enzymes of a given acronym are ordered alphabetically by the roman numeral, treating the numeral as a number and not a string of letters. This helps keep the entries ordered hierarchically while also alphabetic.(Further reading: see the section "Nomenclature " in the article "Restriction enzyme ".)
PDB code : Code used to identify the structure of a protein in the PDB database of protein structures. The 3D atomic structure of a protein provides highly valuable information to understand the intimate details of its mechanism of action.[ 3] [ 4]
REBASE Number : Number used to identify restriction enzymes in the REBASE restriction enzyme database . This database includes important information about the enzyme such as Recognition sequence , source, and Isoschizomers , as well as other data, such as the commercial suppliers of the enzyme.
Source : Organism that naturally produces the enzyme.
Recognition sequence : Sequence of DNA recognized by the enzyme and to which it specifically binds.
Cut : Displays the cut site and pattern and products of the cut. The recognition sequence and the cut site usually match, but sometimes the cut site can be dozens of nucleotides away from the recognition site.[ 5] [ 6]
Isoschizomers and neoschizomers : An isoschizomer is a restriction enzyme that recognizes the same sequence as another. A neoschizomer is a special type of isoschizomer that recognizes the same sequence as another, but cuts in a different manner. A maximum number of 8–10 most common isoschizomers are indicated for every enzyme but there may be many more. Neoschizomers are shown in bold and green color font (e.g.: BamHI ). When "None as of [date]" is indicated, that means that there were no registered isoschizomers in the databases on that date with a clearly defined cutting site . Isoschizomers indicated in white font and grey background correspond to enzymes not listed in the current lists, as in this not listed enzyme: Abc123I
Whole list navigation
Restriction enzymes
A
Enzyme
PDB code
REBASE Number
Source
Recognition sequence
Cut
Isoschizomers
AaaI
1
Acetobacter aceti
5' CGGCCG
3' GCCGGC
5' ---C GGCCG--- 3'
3' ---GCCGG C--- 5'
BseX3I, BstZI, EagI, EclXI, Eco52I, SenPT16I, XmaIII
AagI
4
Achromobacter agile
5' ATCGAT
3' TAGCTA
5' ---AT CGAT--- 3'
3' ---TAGC TA--- 5'
BanIII, BavCI, Bsa29I, BseCI, BspDI, Bsu15I, BsuTUI, ClaI
AanI
15358
Arthrobacter aurescens RFL2
5' TTATAA
3' AATATT
5' ---TTA TAA--- 3'
3' ---AAT ATT--- 5'
PsiI, Csp1BORF7380P
AarI [ 7]
2892
Arthrobacter aurescens SS2-322
5' CACCTGC
3' GTGGACG
5' ---CACCTGCN3 N NNNN--- 3'
3' ---GTGGACGN3 NNNNN --- 5'
PaqCI
AasI
5465
Arthrobacter aurescens RFL3
5' GACN6 GTC
3' CTGN6 CAG
5' ---GACNNNN NNGTC--- 3'
3' ---CTGNN NNNNCAG--- 5'
DrdI, DseDI
AatI [ 8]
6
Acetobacter aceti
5' AGGCCT
3' TCCGGA
5' ---AGG CCT--- 3'
3' ---TCC GGA--- 5'
AspMI, Eco147I, Eco1524I, PceI, Pme55I, SarI, Sru30DI, SteI
AatII [ 8] [ 9] [ 10] [ 11]
7
Acetobacter aceti
5' GACGTC
3' CTGCAG
5' ---GACGT C--- 3'
3' ---C TGCAG--- 5'
Ssp5230I, ZraI
AauI
3010
Arthrobacter aurescens
5' TGTACA
3' ACATGT
5' ---T GTACA--- 3'
3' ---ACATG T--- 5'
BsmRI, Bsp1407I, BsrGI, BstAUI, Ssp4800I, SspBI
AbaI
3029
Azospirillum brasilense UQ 1796
5' TGATCA
3' ACTAGT
5' ---T GATCA--- 3'
3' ---ACTAG T--- 5'
BclI, BsiQI, BspXII, BstT7I, FbaI, Ksp22I, ParI
AbeI
3097
Azotobacter beijerinckii Slo 54-028
5' CCTCAGC
3' GGAGTCG
5' ---CC TCAGC--- 3'
3' ---GGAGT CG--- 5'
BbvCI
AbrI
8
Azospirillum brasilense
5' CTCGAG
3' GAGCTC
5' ---C TCGAG--- 3'
3' ---GAGCT C--- 5'
BluI, BspAAI, BssHI, EscI, PaeR7I, SciI , Sfr274I, Sol10179I, StrI, TliI
AbsI
14594
Arthrobacter sp. 7M06
5' CCTCGAGG
3' GGAGCTCC
5' ---CC TCGAGG--- 3'
3' ---GGAGCT CC--- 5'
None as of 4 Apr. 2019
AccI [ 12] [ 13] [ 14] [ 15]
18
Acinetobacter calcoaceticus
5' GTMKAC
3' CAKMTG
5' ---GT MKAC--- 3'
3' ---CAKM TG--- 5'
FblI, XmiI
AccII [ 12] [ 16]
19
Acinetobacter calcoaceticus
5' CGCG
3' GCGC
5' ---CG CG--- 3'
3' ---GC GC--- 5'
Bsh1236I, Bsp50I, BstFNI, BstUI, MvnI, SelI , BceBI, BepI, Bpu95I
AccIII [ 17]
20
Acinetobacter calcoaceticus
5' TCCGGA
3' AGGCCT
5' ---T CCGGA--- 3'
3' ---AGGCC T--- 5'
Aor13HI, BbvAIII, BlfI, BseAI, BsiMI, BspEI, CauB3I, Kpn2I, MroI, PtaI
Acc16I
2638
Acinetobacter calcoaceticus 16
5' TGCGCA
3' ACGCGT
5' ---TGC GCA--- 3'
3' ---ACG CGT--- 5'
AosI, AviII, FdiII, FspI, MstI, NsbI, PamI, Pun14627I
Acc36I [ 18]
4162
Acinetobacter calcoaceticus 36
5' ACCTGC
3' TGGACG
5' ---ACCTGCN3 N NNNN--- 3'
3' ---TGGACGN3 NNNNN --- 5'
BfuAI, BspMI, BveI
Acc65I [ 19]
14
Acinetobacter calcoaceticus 65
5' GGTACC
3' CCATGG
5' ---G GTACC--- 3'
3' ---CCATG G--- 5'
AhaB8I, Asp718I, KpnI , SthI
Acc113I
2665
Acinetobacter calcoaceticus 113
5' AGTACT
3' TCATGA
5' ---AGT ACT--- 3'
3' ---TCA TGA--- 5'
AssI, BmcAI, Bpa34I, DpaI, Eco255I, RflFII, ScaI, ZrmI
AccB1I
15
Acinetobacter calcoaceticus B1
5' GGYRCC
3' CCRYGG
5' ---G GYRCC--- 3'
3' ---CCRYG G--- 5'
BanI, BbvBI, BshNI, BspT107I, Eco64I, HgiCI, HgiHI, MspB4I
AccB2I
2666
Acinetobacter calcoaceticus B2
5' RGCGCY
3' YCGCGR
5' ---RGCGC Y--- 3'
3' ---Y CGCGR--- 5'
BfoI, Bme142I , Bsp143II, BstH2I, HaeII, LpnI
AccB7I [ 20]
16
Acinetobacter calcoaceticus B7
5' CCAN5 TGG
3' GGTN5 ACC
5' ---CCANNNN NTGG--- 3'
3' ---GGTN NNNNACC--- 5'
AcpII, Asp10HII, BasI, Esp1396I, PflBI, PflMI, Van91I
AccBSI [ 21]
2733
Acinetobacter calcoaceticus BS
5' CCGCTC
3' GGCGAG
5' ---CCG CTC--- 3'
3' ---GGC GAG--- 5'
BsrBI, BstD102I, Bst31NI, MbiI
AccEBI
17
Acinetobacter calcoaceticus EBF 65/65
5' GGATCC
3' CCTAGG
5' ---G GATCC--- 3'
3' ---CCTAG G--- 5'
AsiI, BamHI , Bce751I, Bsp98I, BspAAIII, CelI, OkrAI, Uba4009I
AceI
2571
Anabaena cedrorum
5' GCWGC
3' CGWCG
5' ---G CWGC--- 3'
3' ---CGWC G--- 5'
ApeKI, SuiI, Taq52I, TseI
AceII
2570
Anabaena cedrorum
5' GCTAGC
3' CGATCG
5' ---GCTAG C--- 3'
3' ---C GATCG--- 5'
AsuNHI , BmtI, BspOI, , LlaG2I , NheI , PstNHI
AceIII
2569
Anabaena cedrorum
5' CAGCTC
3' GTCGAG
5' ---CAGCTCN5 N NNNN--- 3'
3' ---GTCGAGN5 NNNNN --- 5'
— None as of May 2010 —
AciI [ 11] [ 22]
21
Arthrobacter citreus
5' CCGC
3' GGCG
5' ---C CGC--- 3'
3' ---GGC G--- 5'
SsiI
AclI [ 23]
2181
Acinetobacter calcoaceticus M4
5' AACGTT
3' TTGCAA
5' ---AA CGTT--- 3'
3' ---TTGC AA--- 5'
Psp1406I
AclNI
2667
Acinetobacter calcoaceticus N20
5' ACTAGT
3' TGATCA
5' ---A CTAGT--- 3'
3' ---TGATC A--- 5'
AhlI, BcuI, SpeI
AclWI
2668
Acinetobacter calcoaceticus W2131
5' GGATC
3' CCTAG
5' ---GGATCN3 N N--- 3'
3' ---CCTAGN3 NN --- 5'
AlwI, BinI, BpuFI, BsrWI, BspPI, BstH9I, Bst31TI, EacI, Ral8I
AcoI
11822
Acinetobacter calcoaceticus
5' YGGCCR
3' RCCGGY
5' ---Y GGCCR--- 3'
3' ---RCCGG Y--- 5'
EaeI, Bfi89I, CfrI, EcoHK31I
AcpI
22
Acidiphilium cryptum 25H
5' TTCGAA
3' AAGCTT
5' ---TT CGAA--- 3'
3' ---AAGC TT--- 5'
Asp10HI, Bpu14I, Bsp119I, BstBI, Csp45I, FspII, MlaI, NspV, SspRFI
AcpII
23
Acidiphilium cryptum 25H
5' CCAN5 TGG
3' GGTN5 ACC
5' ---CCANNNN NTGG--- 3'
3' ---GGTN NNNNACC--- 5'
AccB7I, Asp10HII, BasI, Esp1396I, PflBI, PflMI, Van91I
AcrII
25
Anabaenopsis circularis
5' GGTNACC
3' CCANTGG
5' ---G GTNACC--- 3'
3' ---CCANTG G--- 5'
AspAI, Bse64I, BseT9I, BstEII, BstPI, Eco91I, EcoO65I, PspEI
AcsI [ 24]
2184
Arthrobacter citreus 310
5' RAATTY
3' YTTAAR
5' ---R AATTY--- 3'
3' ---YTTAA R--- 5'
ApoI, CfaI, FsiI, XapI
AcuI
5534
Acinetobacter calcoaceticus
5' CTGAAG
3' GACTTC
5' ---CTGAAGN13 NNN --- 3'
3' ---GACTTCN13 N NN--- 5'
BspKT5I, Eco57I
AcvI
5359
Aeromonas caviae
5' CACGTG
3' GTGCAC
5' ---CAC GTG--- 3'
3' ---GTG CAC--- 5'
BbrPI, BcoAI, Eco72I, PmaCI, PmlI, PspCI
AcyI [ 25]
31
Anabaena cylindrica
5' GRCGYC
3' CYGCRG
5' ---GR CGYC--- 3'
3' ---CYGC RG--- 5'
AhaII, AosII, BbiII, BsaHI, BstACI, Hin1I, HgiI, Hsp92I, Msp17I
AdeI
2991
Alcaligenes denitrificans Ss 3-028
5' CACNNNGTG
3' GTGNNNCAC
5' ---CACNNN GTG--- 3'
3' ---GTG NNNCAC--- 5'
BstIZ316I, DraIII
AeuI
33
Achromobacter eurydice
5' CCWGG
3' GGWCC
5' ---CC WGG--- 3'
3' ---GGW CC--- 5'
AglI, AjnI , BseBI, BstNI, BstOI, Bst2UI, EcoRII , SleI , SspAI
AfaI [ 26]
37
Acidiphilium facilis 28H
5' GTAC
3' CATG
5' ---GT AC--- 3'
3' ---CA TG--- 5'
Csp6I , CviQI , CviRII , HpyBI, PabI , PlaAII, RsaI, RsaNI
Afa16RI
34
Acidiphilium sp. 16R
5' CGATCG
3' GCTAGC
5' ---CGAT CG--- 3'
3' ---GC TAGC--- 5'
Afa22MI, BspCI, EagBI, MvrI, NblI, Ple19I, PvuI, Psu161I, RshI, XorII
Afa22MI
35
Acidocella facilis
5' CGATCG
3' GCTAGC
5' ---CGAT CG--- 3'
3' ---GC TAGC--- 5'
Afa16RI, BspCI, EagBI, ErhB9I, NblI, Ple19I, Psu161I, PvuI, RshI
AfeI [ 27]
2669
Alcaligenes faecalis T2774
5' AGCGCT
3' TCGCGA
5' ---AGC GCT--- 3'
3' ---TCG CGA--- 5'
AitI, Aor51H, Eco47III, FunI
AfiI
10489
Anoxybacillus flavithermus
5' CCN7 GG
3' GGN7 CC
5' ---CCNNNNN NNGG--- 3'
3' ---GGNN NNNNNCC--- 5'
Bsc4I, BseLI, BslI, BflI, Bsc107I, BsiYI, Bst22I
AflI [ 28]
Anabaena flos-aquae
5' GGWCC
3' CCWGG
5' ---G GWCC--- 3'
3' ---CCWG G--- 5'
Asp745I, BamNI, BcuAI, CauI, Csp68KI, DsaIV, Eco47I, SinI
AflII [ 28] [ 29] [ 30]
39
Anabaena flos-aquae
5' CTTAAG
3' GAATTC
5' ---C TTAAG--- 3'
3' ---GAATT C--- 5'
BfrI, BspTI, Bst98I, BstAFI, BstPZ740I, Esp4I, MspCI, Vha464I
AflIII [ 28] [ 10]
40
Anabaena flos-aquae
5' ACRYGT
3' TGYRCA
5' ---A CRYGT--- 3'
3' ---TGYRC A--- 5'
Asp90I
AgeI [ 11] [ 31]
42
Agrobacterium gelatinovorum
5' ACCGGT
3' TGGCCA
5' ---A CCGGT--- 3'
3' ---TGGCC A--- 5'
AsiAI, AsiGI, BshTI, CsiAI, CspAI, PinAI
AglI [ 32]
6652
Arthrobacter globiformis
5' CCWGG
3' GGWCC
5' ---CC WGG--- 3'
3' ---GGW CC--- 5'
AeuI, Bse16I, Bse17I, Bse24I, BshGI, EcoRII , SleI , SniI, SslI
AgsI
Agrococcus sp. 25
5' TTSAA
3' AASTT
5' ---TTS AA--- 3'
5' ---AA STT--- 3'
None as of 4 May 2019
AhaI
45
Alteromonas haloplanktis B8
5' CCSGG
3' GGSCC
5' ---CC SGG--- 3'
3' ---GGS CC--- 5'
AseII, BcnI, BpuMI, CauII, Eco1831I , EcoHI , HgiS22I, NciI
AhaII
Aphanothece halophytica
5' GRCGYC
3' CYGCRG
5' ---GR CGYC--- 3'
3' ---CYGC RG--- 5'
AcyI, AstWI, AsuIII, BsaHI, BstACI, Hin1I, HgiI, HgiDI, HgiHII, PamII
AhaIII [ 14] [ 29] [ 30] [ 33]
Aphanothece halophytica
5' TTTAAA
3' AAATTT
5' ---TTT AAA--- 3'
3' ---AAA TTT--- 5'
DraI, PauAII, SruI
AhaB8I
Aphanothece halophytica B8
5' GGTACC
3' CCATGG
5' ---G GTACC--- 3'
3' ---CCATG G--- 5'
Acc65I, Asp718I, KpnI , SthI
AhdI [ 34] [ 35]
Aeromonas hydrophila
5' GACN5 GTC
3' CTGN5 CAG
5' ---GACNNN NNGTC--- 3'
3' ---CTGNN NNNCAG--- 5'
AspEI, BmeRI, BspOVI, DriI, Eam1105I, EclHKI, NruGI
AhlI
4838
Alteromonas haloplanktis SP
5' ACTAGT
3' TGATCA
5' ---A CTAGT--- 3'
3' ---TGATC A--- 5'
AclNI, BcuI, SpeI
AhyI
49
Aeromonas hydrophila
5' CCCGGG
3' GGGCCC
5' ---C CCGGG--- 3'
3' ---GGGCC C--- 5'
Cfr9I, CfrJ4I , EaeAI, EclRI, PaeBI , SmaI , TspMI, XmaI, XmaCI
AitI
54
Aquaspirillum itersonii
5' AGCGCT
3' TCGCGA
5' ---AGC GCT--- 3'
3' ---TCG CGA--- 5'
AfeI, Aor51H, Eco47III, FunI
AjiI
10919
Acinetobacter johnsonii RFL47
5' CACGTC
3' GTGCAG
5' ---CAC GTC--- 3'
3' ---GTG CAG--- 5'
BmgBI, BtrI
AjnI
7185
Acinetobacter johnsonii R2
5' CCWGG
3' GGWCC
5' --- CCWGG--- 3'
3' ---GGWCC --- 5'
AorI , ApaORI , ApyI , EcoRII , MvaI , Psp6I, PspGI, SleI, SspAI
AjoI
2604
Acinetobacter johnsonii 35
5' CTGCAG
3' GACGTC
5' ---CTGCA G--- 3'
3' ---G ACGTC--- 5'
ApiI, BloHII, BspMAI, CfrA4I, CfuII, PstI, SalPI, SflI, Srl5DI
AjuI
7740
Acinetobacter junii RFL46
5' GAAN7 TTGG
3'CTTN7 AACC
5' ---NNNNN NN6 GAAN7 TTGGN5 NNNNNN --- 3'
3' --- NNNNNNN6 CTTN7 AACCN5 N NNNNN--- 5'
None as of 28 Oct. 2020
AleI
5791
Aureobacterium liquefaciens
5' CACN4 GTG
3' GTGN4 CAC
5' ---CACNN NNGTG--- 3'
3' ---GTGNN NNCAC--- 5'
OliI
AlfI
6110
Acinetobacter lwoffii BH 32
5' GCAN6 TGC
3' CGTN6 ACG
5' ---GCAN6 TGCN9 NNN --- 3'
3' ---CGTN6 ACGN9 N NN--- 5'
None as of May 2010
AliI
Acetobacter liquefaciens
5' GGATCC
3' CCTAGG
5' ---G GATCC--- 3'
3' ---CCTAG G--- 5'
AccEBI, BamHI , Bce751I, Bsp98I, BspAAIII, Nsp29132II, Pfl8I
AliAJI
59
Acetobacter liquefaciens AJ 2881
5' CTGCAG
3' GACGTC
5' ---CTGCA G--- 3'
3' ---G ACGTC--- 5'
ApiI, Asp713I, BspMAI, CflI, CstI, MhaAI, PstI, SalPI, Sst12I, YenI
AloI [ 36] [ 37]
2812
Acinetobacter lwoffii Ks 4-8
5' GAACN6 TCC
3' CTTGN6 AGG
5' ---GAACN6 TCCN6 NNNNNN --- 3'
3' ---CTTGN6 AGGN6 N NNNNN--- 5'
None as of May 2010
AluI [ 12] [ 14] [ 38] [ 39] [ 40] [ 41]
61
Arthrobacter luteus
5' AGCT
3' TCGA
5' ---AG CT--- 3'
3' ---TC GA--- 5'
AluBI, MltI
AluBI
16189
Arthrobacter luteus B
5' AGCT
3' TCGA
5' ---AG CT--- 3'
3' ---TC GA--- 5'
AluI, MltI
AlwI
65
Acinetobacter lwoffii
5' GGATC
3' CCTAG
5' ---GGATCN3 N N--- 3'
3' ---CCTAGN3 NN --- 5'
AclWI, BinI, BspPI, BsrWI, BstH9I, BthII, Bth617I, EacI
Alw21I
Acinetobacter lwoffii RFL21
5' GWGCWC
3' CWCGWG
5' ---GWGCW C--- 3'
3' ---C WCGWG--- 5'
AspHI, Bbv12I, Bsh45I, BsiHKAI, Bsm6I, HgiAI, MspV281I
Alw26I [ 42]
63
Acinetobacter lwoffii RFL26
5' GTCTC
3' CAGAG
5' ---GTCTCN NNNN--- 3'
3' ---CAGAGNNNNN --- 5'
BcoDI, BscQII, BsmAI, BsoMAI, BstMAI
Alw44I
Acinetobacter lwoffii RFL44
5' GTGCAC
3' CACGTG
5' ---G TGCAC--- 3'
3' ---CACGT G--- 5'
ApaLI, SnoI, VneI
AlwNI [ 43]
Acinetobacter lwoffii N
5' CAGNNNCTG
3' GTCNNNGAC
5' ---CAGNNN CTG--- 3'
3' ---GTC NNNGAC--- 5'
CaiI
AlwXI
67
Acinetobacter lwoffii X
5' GCAGC
3' CGTCG
5' ---GCAGCN7 N NNNN--- 3'
3' ---CGTCGN7 NNNNN --- 5'
BbvI, BseKI, BseXI, Bsp423I, Bst12I, Bst71I, BstV1I
Ama87I
Alteromonas macleodii 87
5' CYCGRG
3' GRGCYC
5' ---C YCGRG--- 3'
3' ---GRGCY C--- 5'
AquI, AvaI, BmeT110I, BsiHKCI, BsoBI, Eco88I, Nli3877I , NspSAI
AmaCSI
26714
Arthrospira maxima CS-328
5' GCTCCA
3' CGAGGT
5' ---GCTCCAN8 NNN --- 3'
3' ---CGAGGTN8 N NN--- 5'
None as of 4 May 2018
AocI
74
Anabaena sp.
5' CCTNAGG
3' GGANTCC
5' ---CC TNAGG--- 3'
3' ---GGANT CC--- 5'
AyI, Bse21I, Bsu36I, Eco81I, Lmu60I, OaNI, MstII, SauI, SshAI
AocII
Anabaena sp.
5' GDGCHC
3' CHCGDG
5' ---GDGCH C--- 3'
3' ---C HCGDG--- 5'
BmyI, BsoCI, Bsp1286I, BspLS2I, MhlI, NspII, SduI
AorI
77
Acetobacter aceti orleanensis
5' CCWGG
3' GGWCC
5' ---CC WGG--- 3'
3' ---GGW CC--- 5'
BseBI, BstNI, BstOI, Bst2UI, EcoRII , MvaI, Sth117I, Tai
Aor13HI [ 44]
Acidiphilium organovorum 13H
5' TCCGGA
3' AGGCCT
5' ---T CCGGA--- 3'
3' ---AGGCC T--- 5'
AccIII, BbvAIII, BlfI, BseAI, BsiMI, BspEI, CauB3I, Kpn2I, MroI, PtaI
Aor51HI [ 45]
76
Acidiphilium organovorum 51H
5' AGCGCT
3' TCGCGA
5' ---AGC GCT--- 3'
3' ---TCG CGA--- 5'
AfeI, AitI, Eco47III, FunI
AosI
Anabaena oscillarioides
5' TGCGCA
3' ACGCGT
5' ---TGC GCA--- 3'
3' ---ACG CGT--- 5'
Acc16I, AviII, FdiII, FspI, MstI, NsbI, PamI, Pun14627I
AosII
Anabaena oscillarioides
5' GRCGYC
3' CYGCRG
5' ---GR CGYC--- 3'
3' ---CYGC RG--- 5'
AcyI, AstWI, BbiII, BsaHI, BstACI, Hin1I, HgiI, HgiGI, Msp17I, PamII
ApaI [ 11] [ 30] [ 46]
Acetobacter pasteurianus pasteurianus
5' GGGCCC
3' CCCGGG
5' ---GGGCC C--- 3'
3' ---C CCGGG--- 5'
Bsp120I, PpeI, PspOMI
ApaBI [ 47]
Acetobacter pasteurianus B
5' GCAN5 TGC
3' CGTN5 ACG
5' ---GCANNNNN TGC--- 3'
3' ---CGT NNNNNACG--- 5'
BstAPI
ApaCI
Acetobacter pasteurianus C
5' GGATCC
3' CCTAGG
5' ---G GATCC--- 3'
3' ---CCTAG G--- 5'
AliI, BamHI , BnaI, Bsp4009I, BstI, NspSAIV, Pfl8I, SolI, SurI
ApaLI [ 48] [ 49]
Acetobacter pasteurianus
5' GTGCAC
3' CACGTG
5' ---G TGCAC--- 3'
3' ---CACGT G--- 5'
Alw44I, SnoI, VneI
ApaORI
86
Acetobacter pasteurianus
5' CCWGG
3' GGWCC
5' ---CC WGG--- 3'
3' ---GGW CC--- 5'
AjnI , BstNI, BstOI, Bst1I, Bst2I, Fsp1604I, MvaI, Psp6I , PspGI
ApeKI [ 50]
Aeropyrum pernix K1
5' GCWGC
3' CGWCG
5' ---G CWGC--- 3'
3' ---CGWC G--- 5'
AceI, SuiI, Taq52I, TseI
ApiI
2315
Arthrobacter picolinophilus
5' CTGCAG
3' GACGTC
5' ---CTGCA G--- 3'
3' ---G ACGTC--- 5'
Asp713I, Bsp63I, CfrA4I, PaePI, Pfl21I, Psp23I, PstI, SflI, Sst12I
ApoI [ 51]
Arthrobacter protophormiae
5' RAATTY
3' YTTAAR
5' ---R AATTY--- 3'
3' ---YTTAA R--- 5'
AcsI, CfaI, FsiI, XapI, EcoRI
AplI
25962
Arthrospira platensis NIES-39
5' CTGCAG
3' GACGTC
5' ---CTGCA G--- 3'
3' ---G ACGTC--- 5'
See this site for a complete list.
ApyI
93
Arthrobacter pyridinolis
5' CCWGG
3' GGWCC
5' ---CC WGG--- 3'
3' ---GGW CC--- 5'
BciBII, BptI, BseBI, BstNI, BstOI, Bst2UI, Bst38I, Bst100I, MvaI
ApyPI
14756
Arcanobacterium pyogenes
5' ATCGAC
3' TAGCTG
5' ---ATCGACN17 NNN --- 3'
3' ---TAGCTGN17 N NN--- 5'
None as of 4 August 2019
AquI
Agmenellum quadruplicatum PR-6
5' CYCGRG
3' GRGCYC
5' ---C YCGRG--- 3'
3' ---GRGCY C--- 5'
BcoI, BmeT110I, BsmAI, BsoMAI, BsoBI, BstSI, Eco27kI, OfoI
AquII
20238
Agmenellum quadruplicatum PR-6
5' GCCGNAC
3' CGGCNTG
5' ---GCCGNACN17 NNN --- 3'
3' ---CGGCNTGN17 N NN--- 5'
None as of 4 August 2019
AquIII
20239
Agmenellum quadruplicatum PR-6
5' GAGGAG
3' CTCCTC
5' ---GAGGAGN17 NNN --- 3'
3' ---CTCCTCN17 N NN--- 5'
BseRI
AquIV
20240
Agmenellum quadruplicatum PR-6
5' GRGGAAG
3' CYCCTTC
5' ---GRGGAAGN16 NNN --- 3'
3' ---CYCCTTCN16 N NN--- 5'
None as of 4/9/19
ArsI
19405
Arthrobacter sp. NTS
5' GACN6 TTYG
3' CTGN6 AARC
5' ---NNNNN NN7 GACN6 TTYGN5 NNNNNN --- 3'
3' --- NNNNNNN7 CTGN6 AARCN5 N NNNNN--- 5'
None as of Oct. 28 2020
AscI [ 11] [ 52]
Arthrobacter sp.
5' GGCGCGCC
3' CCGCGCGG
5' ---GG CGCGCC--- 3'
3' ---CCGCGC GG--- 5'
PalAI, SgsI
AseI [ 53]
96
Aquaspirillum serpens
5' ATTAAT
3' TAATTA
5' ---AT TAAT--- 3'
3' ---TAAT TA--- 5'
AsnI, BpoAI, PshBI, Sru4DI, VspI
AseII [ 53]
97
Aquaspirillum serpens
5' CCSGG
3' GGSCC
5' ---CC SGG--- 3'
3' ---GGS CC--- 5'
AhaI, AsuC2I, BcnI, CauII, EcoHI , HgiS22I, Kpn49kII , Mgl14481I, NciI
AsiI
Azotobacter sp.
5' GGATCC
3' CCTAGG
5' ---G GATCC--- 3'
3' ---CCTAG G--- 5'
ApaCI, BamHI , BnaI, Bsp4009I, BstI, OkrAI, Pfl8I, SurI, Uba4009I
AsiAI
2853
Arthrobacter sp. A7359
5' ACCGGT
3' TGGCCA
5' ---A CCGGT--- 3'
3' ---TGGCC A--- 5'
AgeI, AsiGI, BshTI, CsiAI, CspAI, PinAI
AsiGI
10828
Arthrobacter sp. G
5' ACCGGT
3' TGGCCA
5' ---A CCGGT--- 3'
3' ---TGGCC A--- 5'
AgeI, AsiAI, BshTI, CsiAI, CspAI, PinAI
AsiSI
Arthrobacter sp.
5' GCGATCGC
3' CGCTAGCG
5' ---GCGAT CGC--- 3'
3' ---CGC TAGCG--- 5'
RgaI, SfaAI, , SgfI
Asi256I
18472
Arthrobacter sp. Ck256
5' GATC
3' CTAG
5' ---G ATC--- 3'
3' ---CTA G--- 5'
See this site for a complete list.
Asi372I
15803
Arthrobacter sp. Mn372
5' ATGCAT
3' TACGTA
5' ---ATGCA T--- 3'
3' ---T ACGTA--- 5'
Ppu10I , EcoT22I, Mph1103I, NsiI, Zsp2I, BfrBI, Csp68KIII, PinBI, SepI, SspD5II
AsnI [ 54]
98
Arthrobacter sp. N-CM
5' ATTAAT
3' TAATTA
5' ---AT TAAT--- 3'
3' ---TAAT TA--- 5'
AseI, BpoAI, PshBI, Sru4DI, VspI
AspI [ 55]
Achromobacter sp. 699
5' GACNNNGTC
3' CTGNNNCAG
5' ---GACN NNGTC--- 3'
3' ---CTGNN NCAG--- 5'
AtsI, PflFI, PsyI, TelI, Tth111I
Asp10HI
Acidiphilium sp. 10H
5' TTCGAA
3' AAGCTT
5' ---TT CGAA--- 3'
3' ---AAGC TT--- 5'
AsuII, BspT104I, BstBI, CbiI, Csp68KII, PlaII, PpaAI, Ssp1I
Asp10HII
100
Acidiphilium sp. 10H
5' CCAN5 TGG
3' GGTN5 ACC
5' ---CCANNNN NTGG--- 3'
3' ---GGTN NNNNACC--- 5'
AccB7I, AcpII, BasI, Esp1396I, PflBI, PflMI, Van91I
Asp26HI
111
Acidiphilium sp. 26H
5' GAATGC
3' CTTACG
5' ---GAATGCN --- 3'
3' ---CTTAC GN--- 5'
Asp27HI, Asp35HI, Asp36HI, BsaMI, BscCI, BsmI, PctI
Asp27HI
112
Acidiphilium sp. 27H
5' GAATGC
3' CTTACG
5' ---GAATGCN --- 3'
3' ---CTTAC GN--- 5'
Asp35HI, Asp36HI, Asp40HI, BmaHI, BsaMI, BscCI, BsmI
Asp35HI
117
Acidiphilium sp. 35H
5' GAATGC
3' CTTACG
5' ---GAATGCN --- 3'
3' ---CTTAC GN--- 5'
Asp36HI, Asp40HI, Asp50HI, BsaMI, BscCI, BsmI, Mva1269I
Asp36HI
118
Acidiphilium sp. 36H
5' GAATGC
3' CTTACG
5' ---GAATGCN --- 3'
3' ---CTTAC GN--- 5'
Asp40HI, Asp50HI, BmaHI, BscCI, BsmI, Mva1269I, PctI
Asp40HI
120
Acidiphilium sp. 40H
5' GAATGC
3' CTTACG
5' ---GAATGCN --- 3'
3' ---CTTAC GN--- 5'
Asp27HI, Asp36HI, Asp50HI, BsaMI, BscCI, BsmI, Mva1269I
Asp50HI
122
Acidiphilium sp. 50H
5' GAATGC
3' CTTACG
5' ---GAATGCN --- 3'
3' ---CTTAC GN--- 5'
Asp26HI, Asp35HI, Asp36HI, BsaMI, BscCI, BsmI, Mva1269I
Asp700I [ 56]
Achromobacter sp. 700
5' GAAN4 TTC
3' CTTN4 AAG
5' ---GAANN NNTTC--- 3'
3' ---CTTNN NNAAG--- 5'
BbvAI, MroXI, PdmI, XmnI
Asp713I
131
Achromobacter sp. 713
5' CTGCAG
3' GACGTC
5' ---CTGCA G--- 3'
3' ---G ACGTC--- 5'
AjoI, AliAJI, BloHII, CfrA4I, Ecl37kI, MhaAI, PstI, SflI, Srl5DI, YenI
Asp718I [ 57]
Achromobacter sp. 718
5' GGTACC
3' CCATGG
5' ---G GTACC--- 3'
3' ---CCATG G--- 5'
Acc65I, AhaB8I, KpnI , SthI
Asp745I
Achromobacter sp. 745
5' GGWCC
3' CCWGG
5' ---G GWCC--- 3'
3' ---CCWG G--- 5'
Bme18I, BsrAI, CauI, Eco47I, ErpI, FdiI, SinI, VpaK11AI , VpaK11BI
AspAI
Alcaligenes sp.
5' GGTNACC
3' CCANTGG
5' ---G GTNACC--- 3'
3' ---CCANTG G--- 5'
AcrII, Bse64I, BseT10I, BstEII, BstPI, Eco91I, EcoO65I, PspEI
AspA2I
6959
Arthrobacter sp. A2
5' CCTAGG
3' GGATCC
5' ---C CTAGG--- 3'
3' ---GGATC C--- 5'
AvrBII, AvrII, BlnI, BspA2I, XmaJI
AspEI [ 58]
Aureobacterium sp.
5' GACN5 GTC
3' CTGN5 CAG
5' ---GACNNN NNGTC--- 3'
3' ---CTGNN NNNCAG--- 5'
AhdI, BmeRI, BspOVI, DriI, Eam1105I, EclHKI, NruGI
AspHI [ 59]
Achromobacter sp. H
5' GWGCWC
3' CWCGWG
5' ---GWGCW C--- 3'
3' ---C WCGWG--- 5'
Alw21I, Bbv12I, Bsh45I, BsiHKAI, Bsm6I, HgiAI, MspV281I
AspLEI
Arthrobacter sp. LE3860
5' GCGC
3' CGCG
5' ---GCG C--- 3'
3' ---C GCG--- 5'
BspLAI, BstHHI, CfoI, FnuDIII, HhaI, Hin6I , HinP1I , HsoI , HspAI , SciNI
AspMI
2977
Acinetobacter sp. M
5' AGGCCT
3' TCCGGA
5' ---AGG CCT--- 3'
3' ---TCC GGA--- 5'
AatI, Eco147I, GdiI, PceI, SarI, Sru30DI, SseBI, SteI, StuI
AspMDI
Alcaligenes sp. MD1
5' GATC
3' CTAG
5' --- GATC--- 3'
3' ---CTAG --- 5'
BfuCI, Bsp143I, BstMBI, DpnII, Kzo9I, MboI, NdeII, Sau3AI
AspNI
Anabaena sp. J3
5' GGNNCC
3' CCNNGG
5' ---GGN NCC--- 3'
3' ---CCN NGG--- 5'
BmiI, BscBI, BspLI, NlaIV, PspN4I
AspS9I
Arthrobacter sp. S9
5' GGNCC
3' CCNGG
5' ---G GNCC--- 3'
3' ---CCNG G--- 5'
AsuI, AvcI, Bac36I, Bal228I, FmuI , NspIV, PspPI, Sau96I
AssI
4930
Arthrobacter sp.
5' AGTACT
3' TCATGA
5' ---AGT ACT--- 3'
3' ---TCA TGA--- 5'
Acc113I, BmcAI, Bpa34I, DpaI, Eco255I, RflFII, ScaI, ZrmI
AstWI
Anabaena sp.
5' GRCGYC
3' CYGCRG
5' ---GR CGYC--- 3'
3' ---CYGC RG--- 5'
AcyI, AsuIII, BsaHI, BstACI, Hin1I, HgiI, HgiDI, HgiGI, Msp17I
AsuI [ 60]
Anabaena subcylindrica
5' GGNCC
3' CCNGG
5' ---G GNCC--- 3'
3' ---CCNG G--- 5'
AspS9I, AvcI, CcuI, Cfr13I, FmuI , MaeK81II, Nsp7121I, PspPI, UnbI
AsuII [ 61]
Anabaena subcylindrica
5' TTCGAA
3' AAGCTT
5' ---TT CGAA--- 3'
3' ---AAGC TT--- 5'
AcpI, Bpu14I, Bsp119I, BspT104I, Csp45I, FspII, LspI, NspV, SfuI
AsuIII
Anabaena subcylindrica
5' GRCGYC
3' CYGCRG
5' ---GR CGYC--- 3'
3' ---CYGC RG--- 5'
AcyI, AsuIII, BbiII, BsaHI, BstACI, Hin1I, HgiHII, Hsp92I, Msp17I
AsuC2I
2901
Actinobacillus suis C2
5' CCSGG
3' GGSCC
5' ---CC SGG--- 3'
3' ---GGS CC--- 5'
AhaI, AseII, BcnI, Eco1831I , EcoHI , Kpn49kII , Mgl14481I, NciI
AsuHPI [ 62]
2811
Actinobacillus suis HP
5' GGTGA
3' CCACT
5' ---GGTGAN6 NN --- 3'
3' ---CCACTN6 N N--- 5'
HphI, SspD5I
AsuNHI [ 62]
Actinobacillus suis NH
5' GCTAGC
3' CGATCG
5' ---G CTAGC--- 3'
3' ---CGATC G--- 5'
AceII , BmtI , BspOI, LlaG2I, NheI, PstNHI
AtsI
Aureobacterium testaceum 4842
5' GACNNNGTC
3' CTGNNNCAG
5' ---GACN NNGTC--- 3'
3' ---CTGNN NCAG--- 5'
AspI, PflFI, PsyI, TelI, Tth111I
AvaI [ 14] [ 63] [ 64]
Anabaena variabilis
5' CYCGRG
3' GRGCYC
5' ---C YCGRG--- 3'
3' ---GRGCY C--- 5'
AquI, Ama87I, BsiHKCI, BsoBI, BspLU4I, Eco88I, NspIII, PlaAI
AvaII [ 12] [ 14] [ 41] [ 63] [ 64]
Anabaena variabilis
5' GGWCC
3' CCWGG
5' ---G GWCC--- 3'
3' ---CCWG G--- 5'
Bme18I, Bme216I, BsrAI, Eco47I, Kzo49I, Psp03I , SmuEI, VpaK11AI
AvcI
Actinomyces violaceoniger cristalomycini
5' GGNCC
3' CCNGG
5' ---G GNCC--- 3'
3' ---CCNG G--- 5'
AspS9I, BshKI, BsiZI, Bsp1894I, BspBII, BspF4I, Bsu54I, Pde12I
AviII
Anabaena variabillis (halle)
5' TGCGCA
3' ACGCGT
5' ---TGC GCA--- 3'
3' ---ACG CGT--- 5'
Acc16I, AosI, FdiII, FspI, MstI, NsbI, PamI, Pun14627I
AvrII [ 11] [ 29]
173
Anabaena variabilis UW
5' CCTAGG
3' GGATCC
5' ---C CTAGG--- 3'
3' ---GGATC C--- 5'
AspA2I, AvrBII, BlnI, BspA2I, XmaJI
AvrBII
171
Arthrobacter variabilis
5' CCTAGG
3' GGATCC
5' ---C CTAGG--- 3'
3' ---GGATC C--- 5'
AspA2I, AvrII, BlnI, BspA2I, XmaJI
AxyI [ 65]
174
Acetobacter xylinus
5' CCTNAGG
3' GGANTCC
5' ---CC TNAGG--- 3'
3' ---GGANT CC--- 5'
AocI, BliHKI, Bse21I, BspR7I, Bsu36I, CvnI, Eco81I, Lmu60I
§ An HF version of this enzyme is available
Notes
^ Smith HO, Nathans D (December 1973). "Letter: A suggested nomenclature for bacterial host modification and restriction systems and their enzymes". J. Mol. Biol . 81 (3): 419– 23. doi :10.1016/0022-2836(73)90152-6 . PMID 4588280 .
^ Roberts RJ, Belfort M, Bestor T, Bhagwat AS, Bickle TA, Bitinaite J, Blumenthal RM, Degtyarev SK, Dryden DT, Dybvig K, Firman K, Gromova ES, Gumport RI, Halford SE, Hattman S, Heitman J, Hornby DP, Janulaitis A, Jeltsch A, Josephsen J, Kiss A, Klaenhammer TR, Kobayashi I, Kong H, Krüger DH, Lacks S, Marinus MG, Miyahara M, Morgan RD, Murray NE, Nagaraja V, Piekarowicz A, Pingoud A, Raleigh E, Rao DN, Reich N, Repin VE, Selker EU, Shaw PC, Stein DC, Stoddard BL, Szybalski W, Trautner TA, Van Etten JL, Vitor JM, Wilson GG, Xu SY (April 2003). "A nomenclature for restriction enzymes, DNA methyltransferases, homing endonucleases and their genes" . Nucleic Acids Res . 31 (7): 1805– 12. doi :10.1093/nar/gkg274 . PMC 152790 . PMID 12654995 .
^ Jeremy MB, John LT, Lubert S (2002). "3. Protein Structure and Function" . Biochemistry . San Francisco: W. H. Freeman. ISBN 0-7167-4684-0 .
^ Anfinsen C.B. (1973). "Principles that Govern the Folding of Protein Chains". Science . 181 (4096): 223– 30. Bibcode :1973Sci...181..223A . doi :10.1126/science.181.4096.223 . PMID 4124164 .
^ Kessler C, Manta V (August 1990). "Specificity of restriction endonucleases and DNA modification methyltransferases a review (Edition 3)". Gene . 92 (1– 2): 1– 248. doi :10.1016/0378-1119(90)90486-B . PMID 2172084 .
^ Pingoud A, Jeltsch A (September 2001). "Structure and function of type II restriction endonucleases" . Nucleic Acids Res . 29 (18): 3705– 27. doi :10.1093/nar/29.18.3705 . PMC 55916 . PMID 11557805 .
^ Grigaite R, Maneliene Z, Janulaitis A (November 2002). "AarI, a restriction endonuclease from Arthrobacter aurescens SS2-322, which recognizes the novel non-palindromic sequence 5'-CACCTGC(N)4/8-3' " . Nucleic Acids Res . 30 (21): 123e–123. doi :10.1093/nar/gnf122 . PMC 135850 . PMID 12409482 .
^ a b Sugisaki H, Maekawa Y, Kanazawa S, Takanami M (October 1982). "New restriction endonucleases from Acetobacter aceti and Bacillus aneurinolyticus " . Nucleic Acids Res . 10 (19): 5747– 52. doi :10.1093/nar/10.19.5747 . PMC 320926 . PMID 6292849 .
^ Nwankwo DO, Maunus RE, Xu S (January 1997). "Cloning and expression of AatII restriction-modification system in Escherichia coli ". Gene . 185 (1): 105– 9. doi :10.1016/S0378-1119(96)00641-5 . PMID 9034320 .
^ a b Roberts RJ (January 1983). "Restriction and modification enzymes and their recognition sequences" . Nucleic Acids Res . 11 (1): r135–69. PMC 325705 . PMID 6306557 .
^ a b c d e f Wei H, Therrien C, Blanchard A, Guan S, Zhu Z (May 2008). "The Fidelity Index provides a systematic quantitation of star activity of DNA restriction endonucleases" . Nucleic Acids Res . 36 (9): e50. doi :10.1093/nar/gkn182 . PMC 2396408 . PMID 18413342 . S2CID 10463398 .
^ a b c d Nishigaki K, Kaneko Y, Wakuda H, Husimi Y, Tanaka T (August 1985). "Type II restriction endonucleases cleave single-stranded DNAs in general" . Nucleic Acids Res . 13 (16): 5747– 60. doi :10.1093/nar/13.16.5747 . PMC 321909 . PMID 2994012 .
^ Shenoy S, Daigle K, Ehrlich KC, Gehrke CW, Ehrlich M (June 1986). "Hydrolysis by restriction endonucleases at their DNA recognition sequences substituted with mismatched base pairs" . Nucleic Acids Res . 14 (11): 4407– 20. PMC 311455 . PMID 3012472 .
^ a b c d e Nelson M, Christ C, Schildkraut I (July 1984). "Alteration of apparent restriction endonuclease recognition specificities by DNA methylases" . Nucleic Acids Res . 12 (13): 5165– 73. doi :10.1093/nar/12.13.5165 . PMC 318911 . PMID 6087274 .
^ Nelson PS, Papas TS, Schweinfest CW (February 1993). "Restriction endonuclease cleavage of 5-methyl-deoxycytosine hemimethylated DNA at high enzyme-to-substrate ratios" . Nucleic Acids Res . 21 (3): 681– 6. doi :10.1093/nar/21.3.681 . PMC 309169 . PMID 8441677 .
^ Kita K, Hiraoka N, Kimizuka F, Obayashi A (1984). "Determination of the cleavage site of restriction enzyme, AccII, using synthetic oligonucleotide" . Agric Biol Chem . 48 (2): 531– 2. doi :10.1271/bbb1961.48.531 .
^ Kita K, Hiraoka N, Oshima A, Kadonishi S, Obayashi A (December 1985). "AccIII, a new restriction endonuclease from Acinetobacter calcoaceticus" . Nucleic Acids Res . 13 (24): 8685– 94. doi :10.1093/nar/13.24.8685 . PMC 318944 . PMID 3001647 .
^ Bath AJ, Milsom SE, Gormley NA, Halford SE (February 2002). "Many type IIs restriction endonucleases interact with two recognition sites before cleaving DNA" . J Biol Chem . 277 (6): 4024– 33. doi :10.1074/jbc.M108441200 . PMID 11729187 .
^ Prichodko GG, Rechnukova NI, Repin VE, Degtyarev SK (1991). "Determination of substrate specificity of restriction endonuclease Acc65I". Sib Biol J . 1 : 59– 60.
^ "Screening of strains producing restriction endonucleases in Lake Baikal". Izv Sib Otd Akad Nauk SSSR . 1 : 35– 37. 1990.
^ Abdurashitov MA, Kiseleva EV, Miakisheva TV, Dedkov VS, Shevchenko AV, Degtiarev CK (September–October 1997). "AccBSI – a novel restriction endonuclease from Acinetobacter calcoaceticus BS (Article in russian)". Prikl Biokhim Mikrobiol . 33 (5): 556–8 (Translation into english in pp. 496–8). PMID 9441298 .
^ Polisson C, Morgan RD (October 1990). "AciI, a unique restriction endonuclease from Arthrobacter citreus which recognizes 5' CCGC3' " . Nucleic Acids Res . 18 (19): 5911. doi :10.1093/nar/18.19.5911 . PMC 332357 . PMID 2170952 .
^ Degtyarev SK, Abdurashitov MA, Kolyhalov AA, Rechkunova NI (July 1992). "AclI, a new restriction endonuclease from Acinetobacter calcoaceticus recognizing 5'-AA^CGTT-3' " . Nucleic Acids Res . 20 (14): 3787. doi :10.1093/nar/20.14.3787 . PMC 334039 . PMID 1322531 .
^ Degtyarev SK, Kolyhalov AA, Rechkunova NI, Abdurashitov MA (July 1992). "AcsI, a new restriction endonuclease from Arthrobacter citreus 310 recognizing 5'-Pu decreases AATTPy-3' " . Nucleic Acids Res . 20 (14): 3789. doi :10.1093/nar/20.14.3789 . PMC 334041 . PMID 1322532 .
^ de Waard A, Korsuize J, van Beveren CP, Maat J (December 1978). "A new sequence-specific endonuclease from Anabaena cylindrica" . FEBS Lett . 96 (1): 106– 10. Bibcode :1978FEBSL..96..106D . doi :10.1016/0014-5793(78)81072-2 . PMID 103749 .
^ Dou D, Inagati K, Kita K, Ohshima A, Hiraoka N, Kishimoto N, Sugio T, Tano T (September 1989). "Restriction endonuclease AfaI from Acidiphilium facilis, a new isoschizomer of RsaI: purification and properties". Biochim Biophys Acta . 1009 (1): 83– 6. doi :10.1016/0167-4781(89)90082-1 . PMID 2790034 .
^ Macícková-Cahová H, Hocek M (December 2009). "Cleavage of adenine-modified functionalized DNA by type II restriction endonucleases" . Nucleic Acids Res . 37 (22): 7612– 22. doi :10.1093/nar/gkp845 . PMC 2794189 . PMID 19820117 . S2CID 17925157 .
^ a b c Whitehead PR, Brown NL (April 1985). "Three restriction endonucleases from Anabaena flos-aquae" . J Gen Microbiol . 131 (4): 951– 8. doi :10.1099/00221287-131-4-951 . PMID 2985742 .
^ a b c Rowland GC, Lim PP, Glass RE (July 1992). " 'Stop-codon-specific' restriction endonucleases: their use in mapping and gene manipulation". Gene . 116 (1): 21– 6. doi :10.1016/0378-1119(92)90624-X . PMID 1628840 .
^ a b c Roberts RJ (March 1982). "Restriction and modification enzymes and their recognition sequences" . Nucleic Acids Res . 10 (5): r117–44. doi :10.1093/nar/10.5.1770 . PMC 320569 . PMID 6280143 .
^ Yamada Y, Mizuno H, Sato H, Akagawa M, Yamasato K (1989). "A new restriction endonuclease from Agrobacterium gelatinovorum, a marine agrobacterium (AgeI)" . Agric Biol Chem . 53 (6): 1747– 9. doi :10.1271/bbb1961.53.1747 .
^ Sokolov NN (1995). "Search, isolation and study of restrictases". Vestn Ross Akad Med Nauk (in Russian) (2): 47– 51. PMID 7756931 .
^ Whitehead PR, Brown NL (July 1982). "AhaIII: A restriction endonuclease with a recognition sequence containing only A:T basepairs" . FEBS Lett . 143 (2): 296– 300. Bibcode :1982FEBSL.143..296W . doi :10.1016/0014-5793(82)80120-8 . PMID 6288466 .
^ Marks P, McGeehan J, Wilson G, Errington N, Kneale G (June 2003). "Purification and characterisation of a novel DNA methyltransferase, M.AhdI" . Nucleic Acids Res . 31 (11): 2803– 10. doi :10.1093/nar/gkg399 . PMC 156732 . PMID 12771207 .
^ Bogdanova E, Djordjevic M, Papapanagiotou I, Heyduk T, Kneale G, Severinov K (March 2008). "Transcription regulation of the type II restriction-modification system AhdI" . Nucleic Acids Res . 36 (5): 1429– 42. doi :10.1093/nar/gkm1116 . PMC 2275141 . PMID 18203750 . S2CID 5338430 .
^ Cesnaviciene E, Petrusyte M, Kazlauskiene R, Maneliene Z, Timinskas A, Lubys A, Janulaitis A (November 2001). "Characterization of AloI, a restriction-modification system of a new type". J Mol Biol . 314 (2): 205– 16. doi :10.1006/jmbi.2001.5049 . PMID 11718555 .
^ Jurenaite-Urbanaviciene S, Serksnaite J, Kriukiene E, Giedriene J, Venclovas C, Lubys A (June 2007). "Generation of DNA cleavage specificities of type II restriction endonucleases by reassortment of target recognition domains" . Proc Natl Acad Sci USA . 104 (25): 10358– 63. Bibcode :2007PNAS..10410358J . doi :10.1073/pnas.0610365104 . PMC 1965518 . PMID 17553965 .
^ Blakesley RW, Wells RD (October 1975). " 'Single-stranded' DNA from phiX174 and M13 is cleaved by certain restriction endonucleases". Nature . 257 (5525): 421– 2. Bibcode :1975Natur.257..421B . doi :10.1038/257421a0 . PMID 809717 . S2CID 24619091 .
^ Roberts RJ, Myers PA, Morrison A, Murray K (March 1976). "A specific endonuclease from Arthrobacter luteus ". J Mol Biol . 102 (1): 157– 65. doi :10.1016/0022-2836(76)90079-6 . PMID 1271462 .
^ Greene PJ, Heyneker HL, Bolivar F, Rodriguez RL, Betlach MC, Covarrubias AA, Backman K, Russel DJ, Tait R, Boyer HW (July 1978). "A general method for the purification of restriction enzymes" . Nucleic Acids Res . 5 (7): 2373– 80. doi :10.1093/nar/5.7.2373 . PMC 342170 . PMID 673857 .
^ a b Huang LH, Farnet CM, Ehrlich KC, Ehrlich M (March 1982). "Digestion of highly modified bacteriophage DNA by restriction endonucleases" . Nucleic Acids Res . 10 (5): 1579– 91. doi :10.1093/nar/10.5.1579 . PMC 320551 . PMID 6280151 .
^ Bitinaite J, Maneliene Z, Menkevicius S, Klimasauskas S, Butkus V, Janulaitis A (October 1992). "Alw26I, Eco31I and Esp3I—type IIs methyltransferases modifying cytosine and adenine in complementary strands of the target DNA" . Nucleic Acids Res . 20 (19): 4981– 5. doi :10.1093/nar/20.19.4981 . PMC 334273 . PMID 1408816 .
^ Morgan RD, Dalton M, Stote R (September 1987). "A unique type II restriction endonuclease from Acinetobacter lwoffi N" . Nucleic Acids Res . 15 (17): 7201. doi :10.1093/nar/15.17.7201 . PMC 306225 . PMID 2821501 .
^ Inagaki K, Hikita T, Yanagidani S, Nomura Y, Kishimoto N, Tano T, Tanaka H (October 1993). "Restriction endonuclease Aor13HI from Acidiphilium organovorum 13H, a new isoschizomer of BspMII: Purification and characterization". Biosci Biotechnol Biochem . 57 (10): 1716– 21. doi :10.1271/bbb.57.1716 . PMID 7764267 .
^ Sagawa H, Takagi M, Nomura Y, Inagaki K, Tano T, Kishimato N, Kotani H, Nakajima K (January 1992). "Isolation and identification of restriction endonuclease Aor51HI from Acidiphilium organovorum 51H" . Nucleic Acids Res . 20 (2): 365. doi :10.1093/nar/20.2.365 . PMC 310379 . PMID 1741262 .
^ Seurinck J, Van, de Voorde A, Van Montagu M (July 1983). "A new restriction endonuclease from Acetobacter pasteurianus " . Nucleic Acids Res . 11 (13): 4409– 15. doi :10.1093/nar/11.13.4409 . PMC 326055 . PMID 6306590 .
^ Grones J, Turna J (March 1993). "Some properties of restriction endonuclease ApaBI from Acetobacter pasteurianus ". Biochim Biophys Acta . 1162 (3): 323– 5. doi :10.1016/0167-4838(93)90297-5 . PMID 8457597 .
^ Xu SY, Xiao JP, Ettwiller L, Holden M, Aliotta J, Poh CL, Dalton M, Robinson DP, Petronzio TR, Moran L, Ganatra M, Ware J, Slatko B, Benner J (November 1998). "Cloning and expression of the ApaLI, NspI, NspHI, SacI, ScaI, and SapI restriction-modification systems in Escherichia coli ". Mol Gen Genet . 260 (2– 3): 226– 31. doi :10.1007/s004380050890 . PMID 9862476 . S2CID 2275352 .
^ Xia Y, Van Etten JL, Dobos P, Ling YY, Krell PJ (October 1993). "Adenine DNA methyltransferase M.CviRI expression accelerates apoptosis in baculovirus-infected insect cells". Virology . 196 (2): 817– 24. doi :10.1006/viro.1993.1539 . PMID 8372450 .
^ Kawarabayasi Y, Hino Y, Horikawa H, Yamazaki S, Haikawa Y, Jin-no K, Takahashi M, Sekine M, Baba S, Ankai A, Kosugi H, Hosoyama A, Fukui S, Nagai Y, Nishijima K, Nakazawa H, Takamiya M, Masuda S, Funahashi T, Tanaka T, Kudoh Y, Yamazaki J, Kushida N, Oguchi A, Aoki K, Kubota K, Nakamura Y, Nomura N, Sako Y, Kikuchi H (April 1999). "Complete genome sequence of an aerobic hyper-thermophilic crenarchaeon, Aeropyrum pernix K1" . DNA Res . 6 (2): 83– 101, 145– 52. doi :10.1093/dnares/6.2.83 . PMID 10382966 .
^ Polisson C, Robinson D (June 1992). "ApoI, a unique restriction endonuclease from Arthrobacter protophormiae which recognizes 5' RAATTY-3' " . Nucleic Acids Res . 20 (11): 2888. doi :10.1093/nar/20.11.2888 . PMC 336940 . PMID 1614876 .
^ Bilcock DT, Daniels LE, Bath AJ, Halford SE (December 1999). "Reactions of type II restriction endonucleases with 8-base pair recognition sites" . J Biol Chem . 274 (51): 36379– 86. doi :10.1074/jbc.274.51.36379 . PMID 10593932 .
^ a b Polisson C, Morgan RD (November 1988). "AseI, a restriction endonuclease from Aquaspirillum serpens which recognizes 5'AT—TAAT3' " . Nucleic Acids Res . 16 (21): 10365. doi :10.1093/nar/16.21.10365 . PMC 338867 . PMID 3264065 .
^ Rexer BU, Jarsch M, Sagmeister C, Glück B, Berger G, Kessler C (August 1988). "AsnI: a novel class II restriction endonuclease from Arthrobacter sp., strain N-CM, recognizing 5'-AT/TAAT-3' ". FEBS Lett . 235 (1– 2): 241– 6. doi :10.1016/0014-5793(88)81271-7 . PMID 2841156 .
^ Bolton BJ, Schmitz GG, Jarsch M, Kessler C (June 1990). "AspI, a novel isoschizomer of Tth111I from Achromobacter species 699 recognizing 5'-GACN/NNGTC-3' " . Nucleic Acids Res . 18 (11): 3422. doi :10.1093/nar/18.11.3422 . PMC 330974 . PMID 2162524 .
^ Bolton BJ, Comer M, Kessler C (November 1989). "Asp700I, a novel isoschizomer of XmnI from Achromobacter species 700 recognizing 5'-GAANN/NNTTC-3' " . Nucleic Acids Res . 17 (21): 8879. doi :10.1093/nar/17.21.8879 . PMC 335071 . PMID 2587236 .
^ Mural RJ (November 1987). "Cleavage by the restriction endonuclease Asp718, an isoschizomer of KpnI, is sensitive to Escherichia coli Dcm methylation" . Nucleic Acids Res . 15 (21): 9085. doi :10.1093/nar/15.21.9085 . PMC 306431 . PMID 2825125 .
^ Frey B, Kaluza K, Auer J, Stratidakis I, Rina M, Bouriotis V, Schmitz G (July 1992). "AspEI, a novel Eam11051 isoschizomer from Aureobacterium species recognizing 5'-GACnnn/nnGTC-3' " . Nucleic Acids Res . 20 (14): 3782. doi :10.1093/nar/20.14.3782 . PMC 334034 . PMID 1641345 .
^ Bolton BJ, Höltke HJ, Schmitz GG, Jarsch M, Kessler C (November 1989). "AspHI, a novel isoschizomer of HgiAI from Achromobacter species H recognizing 5'-GWGCW/C-3' " . Nucleic Acids Res . 17 (22): 9500. doi :10.1093/nar/17.22.9500 . PMC 335177 . PMID 2587281 .
^ Hughes SG, Bruce T, Murray K (January 1980). "The Isolation and Characterization of a Sequence-Specific Endonuclease from Anabaena subcylindrica " . Biochem J . 185 (1): 59– 63. doi :10.1042/bj1850059 . PMC 1161269 . PMID 6246880 .
^ Roberts RJ (March 1980). "Restriction and modification enzymes and their recognition sequences" . Gene . 8 (4): 329– 43. doi :10.1016/0378-1119(80)90040-2 . PMC 320508 . PMID 6245015 .
^ a b Dedkov VS, Degtyarev SK (April–May 1998). "Actinobacillus and Streptococcus : producers of isoschizomers of the restriction endonucleases R.HphI, R.SauI, R.NheI, R.MboI and R.SwaI". Biol Chem . 379 (4– 5): 573– 4. PMID 9628357 .
^ a b Kaneko T, Nakamura Y, Wolk CP, Kuritz T, Sasamoto S, Watanabe A, Iriguchi M, Ishikawa A, Kawashima K, Kimura T, Kishida Y, Kohara M, Matsumoto M, Matsuno A, Muraki A, Nakazaki N, Shimpo S, Sugimoto M, Takazawa M, Yamada M, Yasuda M, Tabata S (October 2001). "Complete genomic sequence of the filamentous nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120" . DNA Res . 8 (5): 227– 53. doi :10.1093/dnares/8.5.205 . PMID 11759840 .
^ a b Hughes SG, Murray K (January 1980). "The nucleotide sequences recognized by endonucleases AvaI and AvaII from Anabaena variabilis " . Biochem J . 185 (1): 65– 75. doi :10.1042/bj1850065 . PMC 1161270 . PMID 6246881 .
^ Yoshioka H, Nakamura H, Sasaki J, Tahara Y, Yamada Y (1983). "Purification, properties and recognition sequence of site-specific restriction endonuclease from "Acetobacter xylinus "". Agric Biol Chem . 47 (12): 2871– 9. doi :10.1271/bbb1961.47.2871 .
Basic Concept Recognition sequence 4bp Recognition sequence 5bp Recognition sequence 6bp Recognition sequence 8bp Lists