List of invasive species in North America
This is a list of invasive species in North America . A species is regarded as invasive if it has been introduced by human action to a location, area, or region where it did not previously occur naturally (i.e., is not a native species ), becomes capable of establishing a breeding population in the new location without further intervention by humans, and becomes a pest in the new location, directly threatening human industry, such as agriculture, or the local biodiversity .
The term invasive species refers to a subset of those species defined as introduced species . Suppose a species has been introduced, but remains local, and is not problematic for human industry or the local biodiversity. In that case, it is not considered invasive, and does not belong on this list.
Plants
Acer platanoides Achillea millefolium [ 1] Ailanthus altissima Albizia julibrissin Alliaria petiolata Allium neapolitanum Allium vineale Aloe vera Alnus glutinosa Anthemis cotula Anthriscus sylvestris Ardisia crenata Arum italicum Arundo donax Barbarea verna Barbarea vulgaris Bassia scoparia Begonia cucullata Berberis thunbergii Bothriochloa ischaemum Bromus tectorum Butomus umbellatus Cardamine hirsuta Carduus nutans Casuarina equisetifolia Caulerpa taxifolia Celastrus orbiculatus Celosia argentea Centaurea diffusa Centaurea solstitialis Centaurea stoebe Cinnamomum camphora Cirsium arvense Cirsium vulgare Colocasia esculenta Commelina communis Conium maculatum Cortaderia selloana Cosmos sulphureus Cynodon dactylon Cytisus scoparius Daucus carota Dactylis glomerata Dichanthium Dioscorea bulbifera Egeria densa Elaeagnus angustifolia Elaeagnus umbellata Epipremnum aureum Eragrostis lehmanniana Eucalyptus globulus Euonymus alatus Euonymus fortunei Euphorbia esula Galium aparine Glechoma hederacea Ficaria verna Firmiana simplex Hedera helix Heracleum mantegazzianum Hesperis matronalis Hypochaeris glabra Humulus japonicus Hydrilla verticillata Imperata cylindrica Kali tragus Ligustrum japonicum Ligustrum sinense Ligustrum vulgare Lolium perenne Lonicera japonica Lonicera maackii Lonicera morrowii Lonicera tatarica Lygodium japonicum Lygodium microphyllum Lysimachia nummularia Lythrum salicaria Megathyrsus maximus Melaleuca quinquenervia Melinis repens Melia azedarach Microstegium vimineum Mimosa pudica Myriophyllum spicatum Nasturtium officinale Onopordum acanthium Paederia foetida Panicum repens Pastinaca sativa Paulownia tomentosa Persicaria perfoliata tearthumb , Chinese tearthumb, devil armor, devil's tail tearthumb, mile-a-minute weed)Persicaria vulgaris Prunus cerasifera Poa pratensis Phragmites australis [ 2] Pilosella aurantiaca Plantago major Pontederia crassipes Potamogeton crispus Pueraria montana var. lobata Pyrus calleryana Ranunculus bulbosus Reynoutria japonica syn. Fallopia japonica ) (fleeceflower, Japanese knotweed)Phalaris arundinacea Rhaponticum repens Rosa bracteata Rosa multiflora Robinia pseudoacacia Rubus armeniacus Rubus phoenicolasius Rumex crispus Salvia aethiopis Salvinia molesta Schinus terebinthifolia Sherardia arvensis Solanum viarum Solanum dulcamara Solanum nigrum Sorghum halepense Sporobolus alterniflorus Striga asiatica Tamarix Tanacetum vulgare Taraxacum officinale Trapa natans Triadica sebifera Sapium sebiferum ; Chinese tallow tree, Florida aspen, gray popcorn tree)Verbascum thapsus Verbena brasiliensis Vinca minor Vincetoxicum nigrum Vincetoxicum rossicum
Invertebrates
Insects
Arachnids
Worms
Aquatic arthropods
Mollusks
Freshwater snails
Freshwater clams
Sea snails
Land slugs
Land snails
Fish
Reptiles and amphibians
Mammals
Birds
Pathogens
Others
See also
References
^ "Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center - the University of Texas at Austin" .^ "Native and Introduced" . Archived from the original on 2005-03-06. Retrieved 2009-10-15 .^ Nguyen, Ru (2008). "Aleurocanthus woglumi (Citrus blackfly)" . CABI Compendium . CABI Compendium: 4137. doi :10.1079/cabicompendium.4137 . ^ Norrbom, A. (2008). "Anastrepha suspensa (Caribbean fruit fly)" . CABI Compendium . CABI Compendium: 5668. doi :10.1079/cabicompendium.5668 . ^ Massimino Cocuzza, Giuseppe (2021). "Aphis spiraecola (Spirea aphid)" . CABI Compendium . CABI Compendium: 6221. doi :10.1079/cabicompendium.6221 . ^ Rojas-Sandoval, Julissa (2022). "Apis mellifera (European honeybee)" . CABI Compendium . CABI Compendium: 6359. doi :10.1079/cabicompendium.6359 . ^ "Archips fuscocupreanus" .^ "Cerataphis lataniae (Palm aphid)" .^ "Ceratitis capitata (Mediterranean fruit fly)" .^ "Xylosandrus mutilatus (Camphor shoot beetle)" .^ "Ctenarytaina eucalypti (Blue gum psyllid)" .^ "Culex quinquefasciatus (Southern house mosquito)" .^ "Diabrotica virgifera virgifera (Western corn rootworm)" . 2021. doi :10.1079/cabicompendium.18637 .^ "Dinoderus minutus (Bamboo borer)" .^ "Elatobium abietinum (Green spruce aphid)" .^ "Epitrix tuberis (Tuber flea beetle)" .^ a b c "California's Invaders" . California Department of Fish and Wildlife. 2017-09-10.^ Reitz, S. (2020). "Frankliniella occidentalis (Western flower thrips)" . doi :10.1079/cabicompendium.24426 . ^ "Gilpinia hercyniae (Spruce sawfly)" .^ "Glycaspis brimblecombei (Red gum lerp psyllid)" .^ "Homalodisca vitripennis (Glassy winged sharpshooter)" . 2021. doi :10.1079/cabicompendium.27561 .^ "Leptocybe invasa (Blue gum chalcid)" .^ "Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Pink hibiscus mealybug)" .^ Frank, J. H.; Fish, D. (2008). "Potential Biodiversity Loss in Florida Bromeliad Phytotelmata due to Metamasius callizona (Coleoptera: Dryophthoridae), an Invasive Species" . Florida Entomologist . 91 : 1– 8. doi :10.1653/0015-4040(2008)091[0001:PBLIFB]2.0.CO;2 . ^ "Neolecanium cornuparvum (Magnolia scale)" .^ "Opogona sacchari (Banana moth)" .^ "Pheidole megacephala (Big-headed ant)" .^ "Phenacoccus solenopsis (Cotton mealybug)" .^ "Pineus pini (Pine woolly aphid)" .^ Schwarz, D. (2008). "Rhagoletis pomonella (Apple maggot)" . doi :10.1079/cabicompendium.47060 . ^ "Rhyacionia buoliana (European pine shoot moth)" .^ "Scirtothrips perseae (Avocado thrips)" .^ "Tetropium fuscum (Brown spruce longhorn beetle)" .^ "Toxoptera citricida (Black citrus aphid)" .^ "Xyleborinus saxesenii (Fruit-tree pinhole borer)" .^ "Xyleborus dispar (Pear blight beetle)" .^ "Xyleborus similis" .^ "Xylosandrus crassiusculus (Asian ambrosia beetle)" .^ "Xylosandrus germanus (Black timber bark beetle)" .^ "Xylosandrus morigerus (Brown twig beetle)" .^ "Acarapis woodi (Honeybee mite)" .^ Cervo, R; F. Zacchi; S. Turillazzi (May 2000). "Polistes dominulus (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) invading North America: some hypotheses for its rapid spread". Insectes Sociaux . 47 (2): 155– 157. doi :10.1007/pl00001694 . S2CID 45652070 . ^ "Amynthas agrestis (Crazy worm)" .^ "Anguillicoloides crassus" .^ "Bothriocephalus acheilognathi" .^ "Ficopomatus enigmaticus (Tubeworm)" .^ "Lumbricus rubellus" .^ "Lumbricus terrestris" .^ Justine, Jean-Lou; Winsor, Leigh; Barrière, Patrick; Fanai, Crispus; Gey, Delphine; Han, Andrew Wee Kien; La Quay-Velázquez, Giomara; Lee, Benjamin Paul Yi-Hann; Lefevre, Jean-Marc; Meyer, Jean-Yves; Philippart, David; Robinson, David G.; Thévenot, Jessica; Tsatsia, Francis (2015). "The invasive land planarianPlatydemus manokwari(Platyhelminthes, Geoplanidae): records from six new localities, including the first in the USA" . PeerJ . 3 : e1037. doi :10.7717/peerj.1037 ISSN 2167-8359 . PMC 4485254 PMID 26131377 . ^ "Amphibalanus improvisus (Bay barnacle)" .^ "Limnoria quadripunctata (Gribble)" .^ "Melanoides tuberculata (Red-rimmed melania)" .^ "Pomacea canaliculata (Golden apple snail)" .^ "Crepidula fornicata (American slipper limpet)" .^ "Deroceras invadens (Tramp slug)" .^ "Deroceras laeve (Meadow slug)" .^ "Euglandina rosea (Rosy predator snail)" .^ "Acanthogobius flavimanus" .^ "Ameiurus nebulosus (Brown bullhead)" .^ "Astronotus ocellatus (oscar)" . www.cabi.org . Archived from the original on 2022-10-21. Retrieved 2025-01-04 .^ "Belonesox belizanus (Pike killifish)" .^ "Snakehead" .^ "Clown Knifefish" .^ "Black Acara" .^ "Tilapia zillii (Redbelly tilapia)" .^ "Hemichromis letourneuxi (African jewelfish)" .^ "Ictalurus punctatus (Channel catfish)" .^ "Lepomis cyanellus (Green sunfish)" .^ "Cichlasoma urophthalmum (Mayan cichlid)" .^ "Micropterus salmoides (Largemouth bass)" .^ Schofield, P.J., J.A. Morris, Jr, J.N. Langston, and P.L. Fuller. (2 April 2017). "Pterois volitans/miles" . Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database . U.S. Geological Survey. Retrieved 10 October 2017 . {{cite web }}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link )^ "Xiphophorus hellerii" .^ "Spiny Softshell (Apalone spinifera)" . nas.er.usgs.gov .^ "Ctenosaura similis (Black spiny-tailed iguana)" .^ "Eleutherodactylus planirostris (Greenhouse frog)" .^ "Hemidactylus frenatus (Common house gecko)" .^ "Focal Species: Mediterranean Gecko" (PDF) . ufwildlife.ifas.ufl.edu .^ "WEC218/UW259: The Cuban Treefrog in Florida" .^ "Podarcis sicula (Italian wall lizard)" .^ "WEC295/UW340: Florida Invader: Tegu Lizard" .^ "Trioceros jacksonii (Jackson's chameleon)" .^ Cassinello, Jorge (2015). "Ammotragus lervia (Aoudad)" . doi :10.1079/cabicompendium.94507 . ^ "Axis axis (Indian spotted deer)" .^ "Canis lupus familiaris (Dogs)" .^ "Capra hircus (Goats)" .^ "Non-Native Deer" . National Park Service. 2017-09-10.^ "Equus asinus (Donkeys)" .^ "Equus caballus [ISC] (Horse)" .^ "Lepus europaeus (European hare)" .^ "Mus musculus (House mouse)" .^ "Ovis aries (Sheep)" .^ "African Oryx - White Sands National Park (U.S. National Park Service)" .^ "A graceful gazelle becomes a pest" . 22 October 2001.^ Palmer, Geoffrey H.; Koprowski, John L.; Pernas, Anthony J. (2014-02-01). "Distribution and spread of an introduced insular population of red-bellied squirrels (Sciurus aureogaster) in Florida" . mammalia . 78 (1): 67– 73. doi :10.1515/mammalia-2012-0141 . ISSN 1864-1547 . ^ Koprowski, John (2015). "Sciurus aberti (Abert's squirrel)" . doi :10.1079/cabicompendium.64725 . ^ Tompkins, By Shannon. "Warthogs invade South Texas" . Chron . ^ "Herpestes auropunctatus (Small Indian mongoose)" .^ "Muscovy Duck | FWC" . myfwc.com . Archived from the original on 2020-09-25.^ "Molothrus bonariensis (Shiny cowbird)" .^ "GISD" .^ "Pycnonotus jocosus (Red-whiskered bulbul)" .
External links
By origin By host
By country
Africa Americas Asia Europe Oceania
By continent
