List of bacterial orders

This article lists the orders of the Bacteria. The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN)[1] and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)[2] and the phylogeny is based on 16S rRNA-based LTP release 132 by The All-Species Living Tree Project.[3]

Phylogeny

National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) taxonomy was initially used to decorate the genome tree via tax2tree. The 16S rRNA-based Greengenes taxonomy is used to supplement the taxonomy particularly in regions of the tree with no cultured representatives. List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) is used as the primary taxonomic authority for establishing naming priorities. Taxonomic ranks are normalised using phylorank and the taxonomy manually curated to remove polyphyletic groups.[4][5][6][7][8]

Cladogram was taken from GTDB release 09-RS220 (24 April 2024).[9][10][11]

Bacteria
Chloroflexae

Chloroflexota

Bacillati

Bacillota G

Bacillota E

Bacillota s.s.

"Desulfotomaculota" (Bacillota B)

"Selenobacteria" (Bacillota C)

Bacillota D

"Halanaerobiaeota" (Bacillota F)

Bacillota A

"Actinobacteriobiontes"

Actinomycetota

}}

Kingdom Bacillati

Phylum Chloroflexota

Phylogeny of Chloroflexota[9][10][11]

Phylum "Sysuimicrobiota"

  • Class "Sysuimicrobiia" Liu et al. 2024 [CSP1-3]

Phylum Armatimonadota

Phylogeny of Armatimonadota[9][10][11]
"Heboniibacteriia"

"Heboniibacterales"

"Zipacnadia"

"Zipacnadales"

Abditibacteriia

Abditibacteriales

HRBIN17

HRBIN17

UBA5829

UBA5829

Fimbriimonadia

Fimbriimonadales

Chthonomonadetes

Chthonomonadales

Armatimonadia

Armatimonadales

  • Class "Heboniibacteriia" corrig. Carlton et al. 2023 (CAIYQO01)
  • Class "Zipacnadia" Carlton et al. 2023 (UBA5377)
  • Class Abditibacteriia Tahon et al. 2018 (FBP)
  • Class HRBIN17
    • "Candidatus Fervidibacter" Rinke et al. 2013 {HRBIN17: HRBIN17} (OctSpa1-106)
  • Class UBA5829
    • "Candidatus Hippobium" Gilroy et al. 2022 {UBA5829: UBA5829}
  • Class Fimbriimonadia Im et al. 2012
  • Class Chthonomonadia Oren, Parte & Garrity 2016
  • Class Armatimonadia Tamaki et al. 2011 (OP10)

Phylum Vulcanimicrobiota

Phylogeny of Vulcanimicrobiota[9][10][11]
"Xenobia"

"Xenobiales"

Vulcanimicrobiia
  • Class "Eudoremicrobiia" Paoli et al. 2022
  • Class "Xenobia" Ji et al. 2021 (UBP9)
  • Class "Eremiobacteriia" corrig. Ward, Cardona & Holland-Moritz 2019 (WPS2)

Clade Firmicutes

Firmicutes incertae sedis

Phylum Bacillota G

  • Class Limnochordia Watanabe, Kojima & Fukui 2015
  • Class "Hydrogenisporia" Pallen, Rodriguez-R & Alikhan 2022

Phylum Bacillota E

Phylogeny of Bacillota E[9][10][11]
UBA3575

UBA3575

Thermaerobacteria

Thermaerobacterales

"Symbiobacteriia

Symbiobacteriales

Sulfobacillia

Sulfobacillales

  • Class UBA3575
    • "Candidatus Acetocimmeria" Smith et al. 2021 {UBA3575: UBA3575}
  • Class Thermaerobacteria Chuvochina et al. 2024
  • Class Symbiobacteriia Chuvochina et al. 2024
  • Class Sulfobacillia Chuvochina et al. 2024

Phylum "Selenobacteria"

Phylogeny of Selenobacteria[9][10][11]

Veillonellales

Acidaminococcales

"Sporomusales" A

UPPP01

"Sporomusales" C

"Sporomusales"

UMGS1260

DSM-13327

Propionisporales

Anaeromusales

"Dendrosporobacterales"

Selenomonadales

Phylum "Desulfotomaculota"

Phylogeny of Desulfotomaculota[9][10][11]
"Carboxydocellia"

Carboxydocellales

Thermincolia

Thermincolales

"Carboxydothermia"

Carboxydothermales

Desulfotomaculia

Ammonificales

Desulfotomaculales

Phylum Bacillota D

Phylogeny of Bacillota D[9][10][11]
"Proteinivoracia"

"Proteinivoracales"

Natranaerobiia

Natranaerobiales

"Dethiobacteria"

SKNC01

"Dethiobacterales"

  • Class "Proteinivoracia"
  • Class "Dethiobacteria" Sorokin & Merkel 2022
    • "Candidatus Contubernalis" corrig. Zhilina et al. 2005 {SKNC01: SKNC01}
    • "Dethiobacterales" Sorokin & Merkel 2022
  • Class Natranaerobiia Chuvochina et al. 2024

Phylum "Halanaerobiaeota"

Phylogeny of Halanaerobiia[9][10][11]

Phylum Bacillota A

Phylogeny of Bacillota A[9][10][11]

Phylum "Bacillota"

Phylogeny of Bacillota[9][10][11]
"Bacillia"

Phylum Actinomycetota

Phylogeny of Actinomycetota[9][10][11]

Clade Cyanoprokaryota

Phylum "Margulisiibacteriota"

Phylogeny of Margulisiibacteriota[9][10][11]

Phylum "Cyanobacteriota"

Phylogeny of Cyanobacteriota[9][10][11]

Kingdom Thermotogati

Phylum Atribacterota

  • Class Atribacteria Katayama et al. 2021 (OP9)
    • Atribacterales Katayama et al. 2021 ("Caldatribacteriales")
  • Class "Phoenicimicrobiia" Jiao et al. 2024 (JS1)

Phylum Synergistota

Phylum "Zhurongbacterota"

Phylum Dictyoglomota

Phylum "Thermodesulfobiota"

Phylum Coprothermobacterota

Phylum "Lithacetigenota"

  • Class "HKB111"
    • "HKB111"

Phylum "Caldisericota"

Phylum Thermotogota

Phylogeny of Thermotogota[9][10][11]

Clade Candidate Phyla Radiation

Phylum "Elulota"

  • Class "Elulimicrobiia" Rodriguez-R et al. 2020
    • ?"Elulimicrobiales" Rodriguez-R et al. 2020
Phylogeny of Patescibacteria[9][10][11]

"Wirthbacteria" (CG2-30-54-11)

"Microgenomates"

"Dojkabacteria"

"Katanobacteria"

"Microgenomatia"
⊞
⊟

"Woykebacterales"

"Curtissbacterales"

"Daviesbacterales"

"Roizmanbacterales" (UBA1406)

"Gottesmanbacterales" (UBA10105)

"Levybacterales"

GWA2-44-7

"Chazhemtobacteriales"

"Shapirobacterales" (UBA12405)

cluster
"Gracilibacteria"
"Absconditabacteria"

BD1-5

"Absconditabacterales"

"Gracilibacteria"
⊞
⊟

"Abawacabacterales" (RBG-16-42-10)

"Peregrinibacterales" (UBA1369)

"Fallacibacteriales" (DOLZORAL124_38_8; UBA4473)

"Peribacterales"

cluster
"Parcubacteria"

"Doudnabacteria"

"Andersenbacteria"

"Torokbacteria" (GCA-2792135)

ABY1
⊞
⊟

"Kerfeldbacterales" (SBBC01)

"Jacksonbacterales" (UBA9629)

"Komeilibacterales" (UBA1558)

"Kuenenbacterales" (UBA2196)

"Veblenbacterales"

"Uhrbacterales" (GWA2-46-9)

"Magasanikbacterales"

"Buchananbacterales"

"Falkowbacterales"

"Moisslbacterales" (UBA2591)

"Paceibacteria"
⊞
⊟

"Moranbacterales"

UBA6257

"Spechtbacterales"

"Terrybacterales"

"Parcunitrobacterales" (GWA2-38-13b)

"Portnoybacterales"

"Paceibacterales"

"Azambacterales" (UBA10092)

"Yanofskybacterales" (2-02-FULL-40-12)

"Sungbacterales"

"Ryanbacterales"

"Giovannonibacterales"

"Niyogibacterales"

"Tagabacterales"

UBA9973

cluster

Phylum "Patescibacteria"

  • Class "Wirthbacteria"
  • Class "Dojkabacteria" (WS6)
  • Class "Katanobacteria" (WWE3)
  • Class "Microgenomatia"
    • Clade GWA2-44-7
    • "Chazhemtobacteriales" Pallen, Rodriguez-R & Alikhan 2022 [UBA1400]
    • "Curtissbacterales"
    • "Daviesbacterales"
    • "Gottesmanbacterales"
    • "Levybacterales"
    • "Roizmanbacterales"
    • "Shapirobacterales"
    • "Woykebacterales" (RIF34)
  • Class "Absconditabacteria"
    • "Absconditabacterales" (sic)Yakimov et al. 2022 (SR1)
    • "Candidatus Altimarinus" Rinke et al. 2013 {BD1-5: UBA6164} (GN02)
  • Class "Gracilibacteria"
    • "Abawacabacterales" (RIF46)
    • "Fertabacterales" (DOLZORAL124_38_8; "Fallacibacteriota")
    • "Peregrinibacterales" (PER)
    • "Peribacterales" Anantharaman et al. 2016
  • Class "Berkelbacteria" (ACD58)
  • Class "Kazanbacteria" (Kazan)
  • Class "Howlettbacteria" (CPR2)
  • Class "Saccharimonadia" corrig. Lemos et al. 2019 (TM7)
    • "Saccharimonadales" corrig. Lemos et al. 2019 ex Chuvochina et al. 2023
  • Class "Andersenbacteria" (RIF9)
  • Class "Doudnabacteria" (SM2F11)
  • Class "Torokbacteria" (GCA-2792135)
  • Class "ABY1"
    • ?"Brownbacterales"
    • "Buchananbacterales" (RIF37)
    • "Falkowbacterales"
    • "Jacksonbacterales" (RIF38)
    • "Kerfeldbacterales" (RIF4)
    • "Komeilibacterales" (RIF6)
    • "Kuenenbacterales"
    • "Magasanikbacterales"
    • "Moisslbacterales" [UBA2591]
    • "Uhrbacterales"
    • "Veblenbacterales" (RIF39)
  • Class "Paceibacteria" Chuvochina et al. 2023
    • "Azambacterales"
    • Clade UBA6257
    • "Giovannonibacterales" (UBA11713)
    • ?"Montesolbacterales"
    • "Moranbacterales" (OD1-i)
    • "Niyogibacterales" (RIF11; HO2-45-28)
    • "Paceibacterales" Chuvochina et al. 2023
    • "Parcunitrobacterales" Castelle et al. 2017
    • "Portnoybacterales" (RIF22)
    • "Ryanbacterales" (RIF10)
    • "Spechtbacterales" (RIF19)
    • "Sungbacterales" (RIF17)
    • "Tagabacterales" (RIF12)
    • "Terrybacterales" (RIF13)
    • "Yanofskybacterales" (2-02-FULL-40-12)

Clade

Clade "Fusobacterida"

Phylum "Muiribacteriota"

  • Class "Muiribacteriia" corrig. Chuvochina et al. 2023
    • "Muiribacteriales" corrig. Chuvochina et al. 2023

Phylum "Rifleibacteriota"

  • Class "Ozemibacteria" corrig. Kadnikov et al. 2018 (RIF32/ACD39)
    • "Ozemibacterales" corrig. Kadnikov et al. 2018

Phylum "Macinerneyibacteriota"

  • Class "Macinerneyibacteriia" corrig. Yadav et al. 2020
    • "Macinerneyibacteriales" corrig. Yadav et al. 2020

Phylum Fusobacteriota

Clade

Phylum "Bipolaricaulota"

Phylum Deinococcota

Kingdom Pseudomonadati

Clade

Phylum "Goldiibacteriota"

  • "Candidatus Cellulosimonas" Doud et al. 2020

Phylum Elusimicrobiota

Phylum "Aerophobota"

Phylum "Auribacterota"

Phylogeny of "Auribacterota"[9][10][11]
"Tritonobacteria"

"Tritonobacterales"

"Erginobacteria"

"Erginobacterales"

"Auribacteria"

"Auribacterales"

"Ancaeobacteria"

Phylum "Omnitrophota"

Phylogeny of Omnitrophota[9][10][11]

Clade Spirochaetobacteriobiontes

Phylum "Babelota"

  • Class "Babeliae" (sic) Yeoh et al. 2016 (TM6)

Phylum Spirochaetota

Phylogeny of Spirochaetota[9][10][11]
"Leptospirae"
Leptospiria
"Euspirochaetae"

Clade Planctobacteria

Phylum Planctomycetota

Phylogeny of Planctomycetota[9][10][11]

Phylum Chlamydiota

Phylum Verrucomicrobiota

Phylogeny of Verrucomicrobiota[9][10][11]

Clade

Phylum "Saltatorellota"

  • Class "Saltatorellae" Wiegand et al. 2019

Phylum "Hinthialibacterota"

  • Class "Hinthialibacteria" Williams et al. 2022
    • "Hinthialibacterales" Williams et al. 2022

Phylum "Sumerlaeota"

  • Class "Sumerlaeia" Kadnikov et al. 2018

Phylum "Poribacteriota"

Phylum "Hydrogenedentota"

  • Class "Hydrogenedentia" Chuvochina et al. 2023 (NKB19)

Clade FCB group

Phylum "Heilongiota"

  • Class "Heilongiia" corrig. Zhang et al. 2022
    • ?"Heilongiales" Zhang et al. 2022

Phylum "Neomarinimicrobiota"

  • ?"Candidatus Neomarinimicrobium" Rinke et al. 2013 corrig. Oren et al. 2020 (Candidate phylum SAR406; candidate phylum Marine Group A)

Phylum "Tianyaibacteriota"

Phylum "Fermentibacterota"

Phylum "Latescibacterota"

Phylum "Krumholzibacteriota"

Phylum Gemmatimonadota

Phylum "Hydrothermota"

  • Class "Stahlbacteria" (WOR-3)
  • Class "Hydrothermia" Chuvochina et al. 2019 ex Chuvochina et al. 2023
    • "Hydrothermales" Chuvochina et al. 2019 ex Chuvochina et al. 2023 (EM3)
    • "Caldipriscales" Pallen, Rodriguez-R & Alikhan 2022 [LBFQ01]

Phylum "Cloacimonadota"

  • Class "Cloacimonadia" Williams et al. 2021 ex Chuvochina et al. 2023
    • "Candidatus Celaenobacter" Williams et al. 2021 {JGIOTU-2: JGIOTU-2}
    • "Cloacimonadales" Williams et al. 2021 ex Chuvochina et al. 2023 (WWE1)

Phylum Fibrobacterota

Phylum "Electryoneota"

  • Class "Electryoneia" Williams et al. 2022
  • Class "Tariuqbacteria" Vigneron, Vincent & Lovejoy 2023

Phylum "Marinisomatota"

Phylum "Cosmopoliota"

  • Class "Cosmopolitia" (sic) Zhang et al. 2023

Phylum Calditrichota

  • Class Calditrichia Kublanov et al. 2022

Phylum Bacteroidota

Phylogeny of Bacteroidota[9][10][11]

Clade Proteobacteria

Phylum "Canglongiota"

Phylum Acidobacteriota

Phylogeny of Acidobacteriota[9][10][11]

Phylum SAR324

Phylum Bdellovibrionota

Phylogeny of Bdellovibrionota[9][10][11]

Phylum Lernaellota

Phylum "Binatota"

  • Class "Binatia" Chuvochina et al. 2019 ex Chuvochina et al. 2023
    • "Binatales" Chuvochina et al. 2019 ex Chuvochina et al. 2023

Phylum Myxococcota

Phylogeny of Myxococcota[9][10][11]
  • Class Myxococcia Waite et al. 2020
    • Myxococcales Tchan, Pochon & Prévot 1948 [Archangiales; "Angiobacteriales"; "Angiococcales"] (fruiting gliding bacteria)
  • Class "Bradymonadia" corrig. Chuvochina et al. 2023
  • Class Polyangiia corrig. Waite et al. 2020

Phylum "Deferrisomatota"

Phylum "Deferrimicrobiota"

Phylum "Moduliflexota"

  • Class "Moduliflexia" Sekiguchi et al. 2015 (KSB3)

Phylum "Methylomirabilaeota"

Phylum "Tectimicrobiota"

  • Class "Entotheonellia" Chuvochina et al. 2023

Phylum Nitrospinota

  • Class "Nitrospinia" Lucker et al. 2013

Phylum Nitrospirota

Phylum Desulfobacterota F

Phylum Thermodesulfobacteriota

Phylogeny of Thermodesulfobacteriota[9][10][11]

Phylum "Calescibacteriota"

  • Class "Calescibacteriia" Chuvochina et al. 2023 (EM19)

Phylum Desulfobacterota G

Phylum Acidulodesulfobacteriota

  • Class "Acidulodesulfobacteriia" (sic) Pallen, Rodriguez-R & Alikhan 2022 [SZUA-79]

Phylum "Thermosulfidibacterota"

  • Class "Thermosulfidibacteria" Cavalier-Smith 2020 ex Chuvochina et al. 2023

Phylum "Chrysiogenota"

Phylum Deferribacterota

Phylum Aquificota

Phylum Campylobacterota

Phylum Leptospirillaeota

  • Class "Leptospirillia" Chuvochina et al. 2023

Phylum Pseudomonadota

Phylogeny of Pseudomonadota[9][10][11]
"Caulobacteria"

"Enterousiales"

"Scatocolales"

"Rickettsiidae"

Rhizobiales A

Rickettsiales A

"Pelagibacterales"

Rickettsiales

"Caulobacteridae" cont'd

Phylogeny of "Caulobacteridae"[9][10][11]
Phylogeny of "Pseudomonadidae"[9][10][11]

List of Candidate Phyla

See also

References

  1. ^ J.P. Euzéby. "Bacteria". List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). Retrieved 2021-06-27.
  2. ^ Sayers; et al. "Bacteria". National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) taxonomy database. Retrieved 2021-03-20.
  3. ^ All-Species Living Tree Project."16S rRNA-based LTP release 132". Silva Comprehensive Ribosomal RNA Database. Retrieved 2020-08-20.
  4. ^ Parks, DH; Chuvochina, M; Waite, DW; Rinke, C; Skarshewski, A; Chaumeil, PA; Hugenholtz, P (November 2018). "A standardized bacterial taxonomy based on genome phylogeny substantially revises the tree of life". Nature Biotechnology. 36 (10): 996–1004. bioRxiv 10.1101/256800. doi:10.1038/nbt.4229. PMID 30148503. S2CID 52093100.
  5. ^ Parks, DH; Chuvochina, M; Chaumeil, PA; Rinke, C; Mussig, AJ; Hugenholtz, P (September 2020). "A complete domain-to-species taxonomy for Bacteria and Archaea". Nature Biotechnology. 38 (9): 1079–1086. bioRxiv 10.1101/771964. doi:10.1038/s41587-020-0501-8. PMID 32341564. S2CID 216560589.
  6. ^ Chaumeil, PA; Mussig, AJ; Hugenholtz, P; Parks, DH (15 November 2019). "GTDB-Tk: a toolkit to classify genomes with the Genome Taxonomy Database". Bioinformatics. 36 (6): 1925–1927. doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btz848. PMC 7703759. PMID 31730192.
  7. ^ Almeida, Alexandre; Nayfach, Stephen; Boland, Miguel; Strozzi, Francesco; Beracochea, Martin; Shi, Zhou Jason; Pollard, Katherine S.; Sakharova, Ekaterina; Parks, Donovan H.; Hugenholtz, Philip; Segata, Nicola; Kyrpides, Nikos C.; Finn, Robert D. (20 July 2020). "A unified catalog of 204,938 reference genomes from the human gut microbiome". Nature Biotechnology. 39 (1): 105–114. doi:10.1038/s41587-020-0603-3. PMC 7801254. PMID 32690973.
  8. ^ Nayfach, Stephen; et al. (9 November 2020). "A genomic catalog of Earth's microbiomes". Nature Biotechnology. 39 (4): 499–509. doi:10.1038/s41587-020-0718-6. PMC 8041624. PMID 33169036.
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac "GTDB release 09-RS220". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 10 May 2024.
  10. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac "ar53_r220.sp_label". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 10 May 2024.
  11. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac "Taxon History". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 10 May 2024.

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