List of South-West Indian Ocean moderate tropical storms

Within the South-West Indian Ocean, the term moderate tropical storms is reserved for those systems, that have winds of at least 35 knots (65 km/h; 40 mph). It is the second-highest classification used within the South-West Indian Ocean to classify tropical cyclones with.

Satellite image of Tropical Storm Ashley

Background

The South-West Indian Ocean tropical cyclone basin is located to the south of the Equator between Africa and 90°E.[1] The basin is officially monitored by Météo-France who run the Regional Specialised Meteorological Centre in La Réunion, while other meteorological services such as the Australian Bureau of Meteorology, Mauritius Meteorological Service as well as the United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center also monitor the basin.[1] Within the basin a moderate tropical storm is a tropical storm that has 10-minute maximum sustained wind speeds between 34–47 kn (63–87 km/h; 39–54 mph).[1]

Systems

Name Duration Peak intensity Areas affected Damage
(USD) 		Deaths Refs
Wind speed Pressure
Alice September 14 — 24, 1973 75 km/h (45 mph) 1000 hPa (29.53 inHg) Madagascar None None [2]
Christiane December 13 — 21, 1973 75 km/h (45 mph) 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) None None None [2]
Esmeralda December 30, 1973 — January 5, 1974 85 km/h (50 mph) 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) None None None [2]
Audrey November 17 — 29, 1975 85 km/h (50 mph) 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) None None None [3]
Elsa March 9 - 12, 1976 85 km/h (50 mph) 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) None None None [3]
Frederique March 25 — 26, 1976 75 km/h (45 mph) 1005 hPa (29.68 inHg) None None None [3]
Gladys March 27 — April 10, 1976 85 km/h (50 mph) 998 hPa (29.47 inHg) None None None [3]
Bert–Heliotrope April 3 — 12, 1976 85 km/h (50 mph) 1000 hPa (29.53 inHg) None None None [3]
Carol May 3 — 9, 1976 85 km/h (50 mph) 992 hPa (29.29 inHg) None None None [4]
Agathe October 2 — 15, 1976 75 km/h (45 mph) 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) [5]
Arilisy October 27 — 31, 1982 65 km/h (40 mph) 1000 hPa (29.53 inHg) Agalega, Madagascar None None [6]
Iarisena May 6 — 14, 1988 65 km/h (40 mph) 991 hPa (29.26 inHg) None None None [7]
Adelinina October 30 — November 8, 1988 80 km/h (50 mph) 984 hPa (29.06 inHg) None None None [8][9]
Gritelle June 8 — 12, 1991 80 km/h (50 mph) 984 hPa (29.06 inHg) None None None [10]
Avoina September 29 — October 4, 1992 75 km/h (45 mph) 988 hPa (29.18 inHg) None None None [11]
Babie October 18 — 21, 1992 70 km/h (45 mph) 991 hPa (29.26 inHg) None None None [12]
Jenna May 4 — 5, 1996 85 km/h (50 mph) 984 hPa (29.06 inHg) None None None [13]
One September 5 — 8, 2002 65 km/h (40 mph) 1003 hPa (29.62 inHg) Seychelles $50,000 None [14][15]
Abaimba September 28 — October 6, 2003 80 km/h (50 mph) 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) None None None [16]
Phoebe August 30 — September 1, 2004 65 km/h (40 mph) 1000 hPa (29.53 inHg) None None None [NB 1][17][18]
01U/01S July 26 — August 1, 2007 75 km/h (45 mph) 992 hPa (29.29 inHg) None None None [NB 1][19]
Asma October 16 — 24, 2008 85 km/h (50 mph) 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) Madagascar Unknown None [20]

2010's

Name Duration Peak intensity Areas affected Damage
(USD) 		Deaths Refs
Wind speed Pressure
Bongani November 22 – 25, 2009 75 km/h (45 mph) 997 hPa (29.44 inHg) Madagascar Unknown Unknown [21]
David December 12 – 25, 2009 85 km/h (50 mph) 987 hPa (29.15 inHg) Reunion, Mauritius, Madagascar Unknown Unknown [22]
Fami February 1 – 3, 2010 85 km/h (50 mph) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) Madagascar Unknown Unknown [23]
Cherono March 13 – 23, 2011 75 km/h (45 mph) 993 hPa (29.32 inHg) Rodrigues Island Unknown Unknown [24]
Alenga December 4 – 7, 2011 85 km/h (50 mph) 994 hPa (29.35 inHg) None None None [25]
Chanda January 5 – 10, 2012 75 km/h (45 mph) 992 hPa (29.29 inHg) Madagascar Unknown 1 [26]
Hilwa February 14 – 22, 2012 75 km/h (45 mph) 993 hPa (29.32 inHg) Rodrigues Unknown Unknown [27]
Kuena June 3 – 8, 2012 85 km/h (50 mph) 994 hPa (29.35 inHg) None None None [28]
Emang January 12 - 17, 2013 65 km/h (40 mph) 994 hPa (29.35 inHg) None None None [29]
Jamala May 7 – 16, 2013 75 km/h (45 mph) 992 hPa (29.29 inHg) None None None [30][31]
One/01S October 23 – 27, 2013 65 km/h (40 mph) 997 hPa (29.44 inHg) Chagos Archipelago Unknown Unknown [32]
Deliwe January 14 – 22, 2014 85 km/h (50 mph) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) Madagascar, Mozambique Unknown 2
Ivanoe April 3 – 6, 2014 85 km/h (50 mph) 987 hPa (29.15 inHg) None None None
Diamondra January 26 – 30, 2015 85 km/h (50 mph) 987 hPa (29.15 inHg) None None None [33]
Haliba March 4 – 11, 2015 85 km/h (50 mph) 993 hPa (29.32 inHg) Madagascar, Réunion, Mauritius $6.4 million 26 [34]
Bohale December 7 – 12, 2015 65 km/h (40 mph) 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) None None None [35]
Daya February 7 – 12, 2016 65 km/h (40 mph) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) Madagascar, Réunion, Mauritius Unknown Unknown [36]
Seven/15S March 28 – 30, 2016 85 km/h (50 mph) 993 hPa (29.32 inHg) None None None [37]
Fernando March 6 – 14, 2017 65 km/h (40 mph) 997 hPa (29.44 inHg) Rodrigues Unknown Unknown [38]
One September 13 – 17, 2018 75 km/h (45 mph) 1004 hPa (29.65 inHg) None None None [39]
Desmond January 17 – 22, 2019 65 km/h (40 mph) 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) Mozambique, Madagascar Unknown Unknown [40]
Eketsang January 22 – 24, 2019 75 km/h (45 mph) 993 hPa (29.32 inHg) Madagascar Unknown 27 [41]
Esami January 23 – 26, 2020 85 km/h (50 mph) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) Rodrigues Unknown Unknown [42]
Francisco February 3 – 15, 2020 85 km/h (50 mph) 994 hPa (29.35 inHg) Madagascar Unknown 1 [43]
Jeruto April 13 – 16, 2020 75 km/h (45 mph) 999 hPa (29.50 inHg) None None None [44]
Joshua January 17 – 19, 2021 85 km/h (50 mph) 991 hPa (29.26 inHg) None None None [citation needed][45]
Iman March 2 – 8, 2021 85 km/h (50 mph) 992 hPa (29.29 inHg) Mozambique, Madagascar, Réunion, Mauritius Unknown Unknown
Ana January 20 – 25, 2022 85 km/h (50 mph) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) Mascarene Islands, Madagascar, Southern Africa $25 million 142 [citation needed]
Cliff February 3 – 5, 2022 75 km/h (45 mph) 994 hPa (29.35 inHg) None None None [citation needed]
Dumako February 10 – 18, 2022 85 km/h (50 mph) 993 hPa (29.32 inHg) Madagascar, Mozambique $1 million 14 [citation needed]
Fezile February 16 – 18, 2022 75 km/h (45 mph) 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) None None None [citation needed]
Karim May 5 – 7, 2022 75 km/h (45 mph) 994 hPa (29.35 inHg) None None None [citation needed]
Ashley September 23 – 28, 2022 75 km/h (45 mph) 1,000 hPa (29.53 inHg) None None None [citation needed]
Balita October 3 – 9, 2022 65 km/h (40 mph) 996 hPa (29.41 inHg) None None None [citation needed]
Ancha September 30 – October 4, 2024 85 km/h (50 mph) 992 hPa (29.29 inHg) None None None [citation needed]

Notes

  1. ^ a b The windspeeds and minimum pressure estimates are taken from the Australian Bureau of Meteorology archives and compared to the intensity scale for the South-West Indian Ocean

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c RA I Tropical Cyclone Committee (2023). Tropical Cyclone Operational Plan for the South-West Indian Ocean (PDF) (Report). World Meteorological Organization.
  2. ^ a b c "Saison 1973-1974 des perturbations tropicales dans l'océan indien du sud-ouest" [1973-1974 Tropical disturbance season in the southwestern Indian Ocean]. Météorologie Maritime (in French). No. 87. 1975. pp. 46–49. ISSN 0222-5123.
  3. ^ a b c d e "Saison 1975-1976 des perturbations tropicales dans l'océan indien du sud-ouest" [1975-1976 Tropical disturbance season in the southwestern Indian Ocean]. Météorologie Maritime (in French). No. 95. 1977. pp. 44–48. ISSN 0222-5123.
  4. ^ "1976 Moderate Tropical Storm Carol (1976124S07092)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved May 8, 2022.
  5. ^ Tropical Storm Agathe, 2-15 October (Report). Global tropical/extratropical cyclone climatic atlas. United States National Climatic Data Center. 1996. Retrieved May 13, 2022.
  6. ^ Tropical Depression Arilisy, 27-31 October (Report). Global tropical/extratropical cyclone climatic atlas. United States National Climatic Data Center. 1996. Retrieved May 13, 2022.
  7. ^ "Saison Des Perturbations Tropicales: 1987-1988 Dans L'océan Indien du Sud-Ouest" [Tropical Disturbance Season: 1987-1988 in the Southwest Indian Ocean]. Météorologie Maritime (in French). No. 143. 1989. pp. 41–43. ISSN 0222-5123.
  8. ^ "1988 Tropical Cyclone Adelinina (1988304S08077)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved May 8, 2022.
  9. ^ "Saison Des Perturbations Tropicales: Dans Le Sud-Ouest De L'océan Indien: 1988-1989" [Tropical Disturbance Season in the Southwest Indian Ocean: 1988-1989]. Météorologie Maritime (in French). No. 148. 1990. pp. 22–27. ISSN 0222-5123.
  10. ^ "1991 Moderate Tropical Storm Gritelle (1991156S07084)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved May 8, 2022.
  11. ^ "1992 Tropical Cyclone Aviona (1992269S05087)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved May 8, 2022.
  12. ^ "1992 Moderate Tropical Storm Babie (1992292S09083)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved May 8, 2022.
  13. ^ "1996 Severe Tropical Storm Jenna (1996122S05093)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved May 11, 2022.
  14. ^ South-West Indian Ocean Cyclone Season: 2002–03 (PDF) (Tropical Cyclone Seasonal Summary). Météo-France.
  15. ^ Tropical Depression Storm over Praslin and its Satellite Islands in Seychelles (PDF) (Report). United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs. 2003. Retrieved April 28, 2013.
  16. ^ South-West Indian Ocean Cyclone Season: 2003–04 (PDF) (Tropical Cyclone Seasonal Summary). Météo-France.
  17. ^ "2004 Tropical Cyclone Phoebe (2004243S03088)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved May 8, 2022.
  18. ^ "Tropical Cyclone Phoebe" (PDF). Australian Bureau of Meteorology. June 11, 2009. Retrieved May 7, 2011.
  19. ^ Courtney, Joseph B (August 16, 2007). Unnamed Tropical Cyclone (PDF) (Report). Australian Bureau of Meteorology. Retrieved March 30, 2011.
  20. ^ "2008 Severe Tropical Storm Asma (2008290S05071)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved May 8, 2022.
  21. ^ "2009 Moderate Tropical Storm Bongani (2009325S12066)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved May 8, 2022.
  22. ^ "2009 Severe Tropical Storm Bongani (2009346S07086)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved May 8, 2022.
  23. ^ "2009 Severe Tropical Storm Fami (2010032S20042)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved May 8, 2022.
  24. ^ "2011 Moderate Tropical Storm Cherono (2011073S11089)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved May 8, 2022.
  25. ^ "2011 Moderate Tropical Storm Alenga (2011336S06098)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved May 8, 2022.
  26. ^ "2012 Moderate Tropical Storm Chanda (2012006S15043)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved May 8, 2022.
  27. ^ "2012 Moderate Tropical Storm Hilwa (2012042S12110)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved May 8, 2022.
  28. ^ "2012 Severe Tropical Storm Kuena (2012156S07066)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved May 8, 2022.
  29. ^ "2013 Moderate Tropical Storm Emang (2013009S11084)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved May 8, 2022.
  30. ^ Saison Cyclonique Sud-Ouest de l'océan Indien 2012-13 [Cyclone Season South-West Indian Ocean: 2012–13] (PDF) (Report) (in French). Météo-France. p. 4. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 6, 2016.
  31. ^ "2013 Moderate Tropical Storm Jamala (2013128S05086)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved May 8, 2022.
  32. ^ "2013 Moderate Tropical Storm Not Named (2013296S07079)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved May 8, 2022.
  33. ^ "2015 Moderate Tropical Storm Diamondra (2015024S11090)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved May 8, 2022.
  34. ^ "2015 Moderate Tropical Storm Haliba (2015064S14052)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved May 8, 2022.
  35. ^ "2015 Moderate Tropical Storm Bohale (2015342S09079)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved May 8, 2022.
  36. ^ "2016 Moderate Tropical Storm Daya (2016039S14061)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved May 8, 2022.
  37. ^ "2016 Moderate Tropical Storm Not Named (2016087S13073)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved May 8, 2022.
  38. ^ "2017 Moderate Tropical Storm Fernando (2017065S14079)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved May 8, 2022.
  39. ^ "2018 Moderate Tropical Storm Not Named (2018256S07076)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved May 8, 2022.
  40. ^ "2019 Moderate Tropical Storm Desmond (2019018S24033)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved May 8, 2022.
  41. ^ "2019 Moderate Tropical Storm Eketsang (2019023S21041)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved May 8, 2022.
  42. ^ "2020 Moderate Tropical Storm Esme (2020023S19056)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved May 8, 2022.
  43. ^ "2020 Moderate Tropical Storm Francisco (2020034S13063)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved May 8, 2022.
  44. ^ "2020 Moderate Tropical Storm Jeruto (2020104S12091)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved May 8, 2022.
  45. ^ Courtney, Joseph B (April 2022). Tropical Cyclone Joshua (PDF) (Report). Australian Bureau of Meteorology. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 18, 2022. Retrieved May 18, 2022.