This is a list of ballet dancers from the Russian Empire, Soviet Union, and Russian Federation, including both ethnic Russians and people of other ethnicities. This list includes as well those who were born in these three states but later emigrated, and those who were born elsewhere but immigrated to the country and performed there for a significant portion of their careers.
The original purpose of the ballet in Russia was to entertain the royal court. The first ballet company was the Imperial School of Ballet in St. Petersburg in the 1740s. The Ballets Russes was a ballet company founded in the 1909 by Sergey Diaghilev, an enormously important figure in the Russian ballet scene. Diaghilev and his Ballets Russes' travels abroad profoundly influenced the development of dance worldwide.[1] The headquarters of his ballet company was located in Paris, France. A protégé of Diaghilev, George Balanchine, founded the New York City Ballet Company.
During the early 20th century, many Russian ballet dancers rose to fame. Soviet ballet preserved the perfected 19th century traditions,[2] and the Soviet Union's choreography schools produced one internationally famous star after another. The Bolshoi Ballet in Moscow and the Mariinsky in Saint Petersburg remain famous throughout the world.[3]
George Balanchine (1904–1983) Russian Empire Soviet Union France United States (Georgian descent) Choreographer, balletmaster
Balanchine was one of the 20th century's foremost choreographers, a balletmaster of the Ballets Russes in France, founding balletmaster (and co-founder) of New York City Ballet: his work created modern ballet, based on his deep knowledge of classical forms and techniques.
Irina Baronova (1919–2008) Soviet Union Romania France United States Switzerland Russian Federation Australia Ballerina, ballet mistress
She was one of the Baby Ballerinas of the Ballet Russe de Monte Carlo, discovered by George Balanchine in Paris in the 1930s. She created roles in Léonide Massine's Le Beau Danube (1924), Jeux d'enfants (1932), and Les Présages (1933); and in Bronislava Nijinska's Les Cent Baisers (1935). Between 1940 and 1951 Baronova appeared in several films, and worked as ballet mistress for the 1980 film Nijinsky.
Yury Nikolayevich Grigorovich is a Soviet and Russian dancer and choreographer who dominated the Russian ballet for 30 years. Grigorovich was born into a family connected with the Imperial Russian Ballet. He graduated from the Leningrad Choreographic School in 1946 and danced as a soloist of the Kirov Ballet until 1962. His staging of Sergey Prokofiev's The Stone Flower (1957) and of The Legend of Love [ru] (1961) brought him acclaim as a choreographer. In 1964 he moved to the Bolshoi Theatre, where he would work as an Artistic director until 1995. His most famous productions at the Bolshoi were "The Legend of Love" (1965, 2002), The Nutcracker (1966), Spartacus (1967), Ivan the Terrible (ballet) [ru] (1975), The Golden Age (1982, 1994, 2006). Other notable productions The Sleeping Beauty (1963, 1973, 2011), Swan Lake (1969, 2001), Romeo and Juliet (1979, 2010), Raymonda (1984, 2003), Giselle (1987), La Bayadère (1991), Don Quixote (1994), Le Corsaire (1994). Сhoreographed for various Russian companies before settling in Krasnodar, where he set up his own company. Grigorovich has been heading the juries of numerous international competitions in classical ballet. After the death of his wife, the great ballerina Natalia Bessmertnova, on 19 February 2008, he has been offered the opportunity to return to the Bolshoi again in the capacity of ballet master and choreographer.
Ekaterina Sergeevna Maximova was a Soviet and Russian ballerina of international renown. Maximova was coached by the legendary ballerina Galina Ulanova. Her greatest successes were the roles of Kitri in Don Quixote, Clara (called Maria in the Bolshoi production) in The Nutcracker, and the title roles in Giselle and Cinderella. Maximova performed with the Bolshoi Ballet from 1958 until 1980, often performing opposite her husband Vladimir Vasiliev. She and her husband gained wide exposure for their appearances in Franco Zeffirelli's filmed version of Giuseppe Verdi's opera La traviata (1983). When the Bolshoi Ballet toured to the United States for the first time in 1959, Maximova also performed as a guest artist with the Metropolitan Opera in leading roles in The Stone Flower and other ballets. Following her career as a dancer, Maximova was a coach with the ballet and a member of the GITIS Institute faculty. After that, she became one of the most important teachers and répétiteurs of the Bolshoi Theatre. Galina Stepanenko, Svetlana Lunkina, Marianna Ryzhkina, Anna Nikulina were among her adepts.
Awarded the Hans Christian Andersen Award for best dancer in the world in 1988. Defected to the West in 1990. Settled in the United Kingdom where he performed in leading roles before taking up choreography.
Olga Sapphire (1907–1981) Russian Empire Japan Danseur, Teacher, Nihon Gekijō (Tokyo)
Olga Ivanovna Pavlova trained at both the Leningrad State Choreographic Institute and Moscow Choreographic School and performed throughout Russia until her marriage in the early 1930s to a Japanese diplomat. Moving to Japan in 1936, she was influential in establishing ballet in Japan.[4]
Liudmila Titova (Russian: Людмила Титова)[5] was born 9 October 1987 in Moscow, Russia, and has been called the "one of the most celebrated ballet dancer and ballet teacher in the world."[6] Born in Moscow, Russia, Liudmila Titova started dancing at the age of seven years based on recommendation from her doctor to help with a problem with her back.[7] She joined the school's dance club and found herself dancing every day. At the age of 10, she took a three-day examination and physical and was only seven out of 105 applicants admitted into the Bolshoi Academy of Ballet,[8] also known as the Moscow State Academy of Choreography,[7] where her area of study became, "Theatre of Classical Ballet" by Smirnov-Golovanov. For the next eight years, Titova trained eight hours per day, six days per week. After graduating the world-renown, prestigious Bolshoi Academy of Ballet, Liudmila Titova went to work for the Royal Moscow Ballet Company. The Royal Moscow Ballet Company is located in Moscow, Russia, so Liudmila Titova was able to stay in her native Moscow. At the early age just 19, Liudmila was given leading a role in one of the world's most coveted plays, "Cinderella".[9] This unimaginable feat is unheard of in the Ballet realm, where leading roles are generally earned by ballet dancers after many years or performances, usually after the age of 25. Liudmila was such a success, she went on to be the lead in other famous plays, such as "The Nutcracker," "Don Quixote," "Giselle," "Bolero," "Carmen," "Romeo and Juliet," "Sleeping Beauty," "Swan Lake," and "The Time."
In 2014, at the age of 26, Liudmila Titova was promoted to the position of the General Director of the Royal Moscow Ballet.
Nikolay Tsiskaridze, also spelled Ziskaridze, one of the most decorated Russian dancers, was a premier dancer of the Bolshoi Ballet for 21 years. Ethnically Georgian, he was born in Tbilisi on 31 December 1973. He joined the Moscow Ballet School in 1987 and was admitted into the Bolshoi Ballet in 1991. In 1992 Tsiskaridze joined the ballet company of the Bolshoi Theater. The then artistic director Yuri Grigorovich saw Nikolai at the graduation exam. At the theater he had the good fortune to enter the class of prominent ballerina Marina Semyonova, and as Nikolai says, became his second mother. The legendary Galina Ulanova also assisted him. Over the course of his dance career he performed more than 70 roles in major classical works. One of the best ballet princes, he is equally convincing in modern choreographies. Roland Petit, who staged "La Dame de Pique" in 2001, created the role of Hermann especially for Tsiskaridze. In 1996, he graduated from the Teacher Training Department of the Moscow Ballet Academy and since 2003 had been teaching a daily ballet class at the Bolshoi Theatre combining his dance career with coaching. Besides, since 2004 he had been also teaching at the Moscow Ballet Academy. He became the youngest person to be named a People's Artist of Russia (2001). He received the State Prize of the Russian Federation in 2001 and 2003 and the Prix Benois de la Danse in 1999. During his career he received many honours - Silver medal at the Osaka Ballet Competition (1995), Golden medal at the Moscow Ballet Competition (1997), Honoured Artist of Russia (1997), Russian Golden Mask theatrical prize (1998, 2000, 2003),Benois de la Danse (1999), Order of Honour of the Republic of Georgia (2003), Danza&Danza award as best dancer of the year 2003, Triumph prize (2004), Chevalier de l'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres de la République Française (2006), People's Artist of North Osetia —Alania Republic (2013). In 2014, Tsiskaridze graduated as a Master of Law at Kutafin Moscow State Law University. On 29 Nov 2014 Tsiskaridze was elected as Rector of Vaganova Academy of Russian Ballet in Saint Petersburg, est. in 1738.
Agrippina Yakovlevna Vaganova was a Russian ballet teacher who developed the Vaganova method – the technique which derived from the teaching methods of the old Imperial Ballet School (today the Vaganova Academy of Russian Ballet) under the Premier Maître de Ballet Marius Petipa throughout the mid to late 19th century, though mostly throughout the 1880s and 1890s. It was Vaganova who perfected and cultivated this form of teaching the art of classical ballet into a workable syllabus. Her Fundamentals of the Classical Dance (1934) remains a standard textbook for the instruction of ballet technique. Her technique is one of the most popular techniques today. Among Vaganova's dance alumnae were the distinguished Soviet ballerinas Marina Semenova, Olga Jordan [ru], Galina Ulanova, Tatiana Vecheslova [ru], Feya Balabina [ru], Natalia Dudinskaya, Alla Shelest, Nonna Yastrebova [ru], Olga Moiseeva [ru], Ludmilla Safronova [ru], Ninel Kurgapkina, Alla Osipenko and Irina Kolpakova. Shortly after her death, on 1 November 1957, the Choreographic College on Rossi street was renamed in her honor; in 1961, it received the title of "academic" and in 1991 it began to use the name Agrippina Vaganova Academy of Russian Ballet.
Agrippina Vaganova in "La Esmeralda". St. Petersburg, circa 1910.
Ivan Vasiliev (born 1989) Russian Federation Danseur
Ivan Vasiliev in an extract from Spartacus, at the October 2011 re-opening gala of the Bolshoi Theatre
Vladimir Viktorovich Vasiliev a Russian ballet dancer, was premier dancer with the Bolshoi Ballet, and was best known for his role of Spartacus and his powerful leaps and turns, graduated from the Moscow Ballet School in 1958 (his teachers included Aleksey Yermolayev) and joined the Bolshoi Ballet. He became a premier dancer who made enormous contributions to the development of classical male dance; he came to embody the strong new Bolshoi male. He was the first dancer to be given the award la médaille d’or du meilleur danseur du Monde ("The Gold Medal of the World’s Best Dancer"); subsequently Mikhail Baryshnikov and Patrick Dupond were also awarded the distinction. Russia's influential ballet critic and choreographer Fyodor Lopukhov called him "God of the dance … A miracle in art, perfection". Numerous roles were created for him, and he performed throughout the world, usually partnering his wife, Bolshoi prima ballerina Ekaterina Maximova. Among the most notable were those created by Yuri Grigorovich, who gave him the principal roles in his original productions of Spartacus, The Nutcracker, Ivan the Terrible. Nonetheless, he and Maximova gleaned wide exposure for their appearances in Franco Zeffirelli's filmed version of Giuseppe Verdi's opera La traviata (1983). Both performed in Spanish costume (Vasiliev as a matador) in the divertissements composed for the equivalent of Act II, scene 2. Besides Maximova, Vasiliev's famous partners included: Galina Ulanova, Maya Plisetskaya, Alicia Alonso, Carla Fracci, Rita Poelvoorde and Ambra Vallo.
Stella Voskovetskaya, Vaganova Academy of Russian Ballet graduate, Founder and Artistic Director of Illinois Classical Ballet. created a unique and very effective system of training where she blended elements of training from Vaganova ballet school, where the training program for children is truly unique and was tested for centuries and unusually effective system barre au sol developed by Boris Knyazev
That program significantly speed up and improve the training of young ballet dancers, helped with correcting posture, turnout in all three positions, flexibility and balance
^Кадзи, Аяко; Шелаева, Алла (2019). ""Вы бросали в нас цветами незнакомогоискусства...": русские балерины на службеяпонскому классическому балету" ['You Threw Flowers of Unfamiliar Art at Us...': Russian Ballerinas in the Service of Japanese Classical Ballet]. Петербургский исторический журнал [Saint-Petersburg Historical Journal] (in Russian) (1). Saint Petersburg: Издательство "Нестор-История": 251–264. doi:10.51255/2311-603x-2019-00015. ISSN2311-603X.
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