Lisgar Collegiate Institute

Lisgar Collegiate Institute
Address
Map
29 Lisgar Street

, ,
Canada
Coordinates45°25′14.2″N 75°41′17.0″W / 45.420611°N 75.688056°W / 45.420611; -75.688056
Information
Funding typePublic
MottoAlere Flammam
(Nourish the Flame)
Founded1843; 182 years ago (1843)
School boardOttawa Carleton District School Board
SuperintendentPrince Duah
Area trusteeJustine Bell[1]
AdministratorMejd Elmahdi
PrincipalSteven Spidell [2]
Vice PrincipalsBabak Ghiri
Janice Bernstein [2]
Grades9–12
Enrollment909 (2021-2022)
Campus typeUrban
Colour(s)Blue, Silver   
Team nameLords
NewspaperLisgarwrite
YearbookVox Lycei
Communities servedSandy Hill, New Edinburgh, Centretown, Rockcliffe Park, Ontario
Public transit accessLine 1 station uOttawa. Also served by routes 5 and 14.[3]
Websitelisgarci.ocdsb.ca

Lisgar Collegiate Institute is an Ottawa-Carleton District School Board secondary school in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. The school is located in downtown Ottawa by the Rideau Canal.

History

Ottawa Collegiate Institute c. 1875 – 1880
School library collection, 1910
Lisgar Collegiate Institute(High School), Ottawa - November 2024
View of Lisgar Collegiate from the Mall, the area between the North and South buildings

In 1843, a grammar school with 40 paying students was opened in the Sandy Hill area of Ottawa in a house at the corner of Waller Street and Daly Avenue. In 1859, the school became one of the first in Ontario to admit girls. The school changed locations several times in the first few years, and was renamed first Bytown Grammar School and later Ottawa Grammar School. In 1871 the school was raised to a high school and in 1873 to a collegiate institute, becoming Ottawa Collegiate Institute.

The school found a permanent home in 1873 when a lot at what was then the southern edge of the city was purchased. The school board acquired the land on Biddy Street for $3,200 and paid a squatter $100 to give up any claims on the land. Biddy Street was renamed Lisgar Street in 1880 after Lord Lisgar, an Irishman who served as Canada's second Governor-General. A Gothic Revival style structure, designed by W.T. Thomas and W. Chesterton, was built at a cost of $26,000. Governor General Lord Dufferin (another Irishman) laid the cornerstone and the school opened in 1874.

In 1892, the school became the first public secondary school in Ontario to hire a female teacher.[4] Four new classrooms were added on the south side in 1892, moving the front wall towards the street and enclosing the front entrance stairs.

A fire in 1893 caused the school to be temporarily closed. Lisgar was one of a limited number of buildings to survive the Great Ottawa fire. There have been a total of 23 fires at the school, including three major ones: 1893, 1915, and 1942.

In 1903, the east wing was built with eight new classrooms. In 1908, Ottawa architect Edgar Lewis Horwood added a west wing with laboratories, an auditorium, and the main tower.[5] The auditorium balcony is suspended by iron rods which lead to huge beams above the ceiling.

A rifle range for the cadet corps, in the now blocked-off fifth-floor attic, was added in 1912. Students practised shooting there until after World War II when shooting moved to the nearby Cartier Square Drill Hall.

A basement cafeteria was added in 1923. After the school was split in 1922 to form Glebe Collegiate Institute, OCI was renamed Ottawa Lisgar Street Collegiate Institute, which was soon shortened to Lisgar Collegiate Institute. Officially, the school remained OCI for several decades. Since the split, Glebe and Lisgar have been traditional rivals.[6][7]

In 1951, a new gymnasium was built across the street with a tunnel connecting it to the main building. The tunnel was not open for the use of students for many years, but it was re-opened in October 2015. The new building was enlarged in 1962. The Gym Building also includes the school's computer science labs, music rooms, and its communication technology classrooms. The area in between the buildings is referred to as "The Mall", and students must either cross The Mall or the tunnel to travel between the two buildings.[8]

In 1953, the current, near-vertical roof was installed over the previous sloping roof. This was done to reduce the build-up of winter ice. The old roof is still there and there is an odd-shaped attic space between them.

In 1957, Lisgar was the first school in Ontario to introduce a special program for gifted students.[citation needed]

In the 1970s, the Ottawa Board of Education decided to close the school and sell its downtown real estate. This action was blocked by community members and alumni, and the school was completely renovated instead.[9] This renovation included a small westward extension to the auditorium to add fire exits which replaced external fire exits on the north side of the auditorium. To meet fire code requirements, the existing west staircase was moved from the stair tower westward to just beside the entrance to the auditorium. The result is that now many windows on the north wall do not line up as intended. The windows in the stair tower had been placed a half-way between floors to align with the landings. These windows now lead into classrooms and floor-aligned windows lead into the stairway.

In 1996, the third floor of the North building was completely renovated and the science labs were modernized. In March 2003, parts of the first and second floors and the basement of the North building were damaged by a water main break that closed the school for a week, coincidentally before the previously scheduled March Break, thus giving the students two weeks off school. Some minor changes were made to the affected floors in the reconstruction.

Memorial Hall

A brass plaque and print were erected by students and alumni in 1986 to Sergeant Edward James Gibson Holland, VC of The Royal Canadian Dragoons, a graduate of Ottawa Collegiate who was awarded the Victoria Cross for bravery in action during the Boer War at Leliefontein, Komati River, South Africa on November 7, 1900.[10]

The Ottawa Lisgar Collegiate Institute erected a brass plaque which is dedicated to the memory of students of Ottawa Collegiate Institute who died in the Great War.[11] Another memorial is dedicated to the memory of Lieutenant Alexis Hannum Helmer who was killed in action during the war and was part of the inspiration for In Flanders Fields. Unveiled in 2001, the plaque was erected by the Lisgar Alumni Association.[12]

Another memorial plaque is dedicated to the memory of former Lisgar students who died during the Second World War.[13] A memorial framed poster erected by the school is dedicated to the sixteen Canadians awarded the Victoria Cross for conspicuous bravery during the Second World War.[14]

Lisgar Collegiate Institute and Vintage Wings of Canada erected a memorial plaque, unveiled in 2008, dedicated to the memory of Pilot Officer David Francis Gaston Rouleau, who died during the Second World War while trying to get to Malta.[15]

The Lisgar Collegiate Institute erected a memorial which is dedicated to the memory of former Lisgar students who died or served during the Korean War.[16]

The Lisgar Collegiate Institute erected a memorial frame including a Canadian flag which was flown in Afghanistan which was presented to Lisgar by LCol Plourde.[17]

Academics

In 2006 parents camped in the Lisgar sports field to enroll a limited number of students from outside Lisgar's catchment in the school.

Lisgar was ranked 12th among all secondary schools in Ontario and 1st in Ottawa by the Fraser Institute in 2021/22.[18] The school serves the neighbourhoods of Sandy Hill, New Edinburgh, Centretown, Rockcliffe Park, and part of Old Ottawa East.[19] In 2006, parents and students camped out overnight to apply for a transfer to Lisgar.[20] Lisgar was ranked number one for public schools in Ottawa and 4th in the province by the Fraser Institute in 2008.[21] Lisgar is also home to the student-run Ottawa-Carleton Educational Space Simulation.[22]

Students have frequently placed in the top ten amongst Canadian Mathematical Olympiad winners.[23]

The school offers Advanced Placement courses. Apart from Advanced Placement Latin: Vergil and Advanced Placement Spanish, students taking AP courses take an advanced form of a regular course, which provides them with an Ontario Credit, as well as taking the AP exam in May. As of 2016, Lisgar inaugurated its AP Capstone Program which requires students to take AP Seminar and AP Research as well as four other AP Courses with a score greater than 3.[citation needed]

Music

The symphony orchestra performing in the Grote Kerk (Breda) in the Netherlands (2018)

Musical ensembles at the school include the concert band (beginner), symphonic winds (senior), concert orchestra (beginner), and Lisgar Symphony Orchestra (senior). Smaller ensembles include the string ensemble, junior and senior jazz bands, and saxophone, flute and clarinet ensembles. These groups take part in music competitions, including the Ottawa Kiwanis Music Festival. All ensembles perform two annual concerts.

Athletics

Sports at Lisgar include rugby, soccer, hockey, basketball, rowing, cross country. At the 160th Reunion, an "Athletic Wall of Fame" was established.[24] There have been three inductions to date, with the third group inducted during the 175th Reunion in May 2018.

Clubs

Clubs available to students include Lisgar Business Co (aka DECA), Debate Club, Biomedical Club, Model United Nations Club, Chess+ Club, Fim Club, Lisgar's Environmental Action Force (LEAF), Ottawa-Carleton Educational Space Simulation (Spacesim), Key Club, Vox Lycei (yearbook), and the school newspaper Lisgarwrite.

Lisgar's Student Council consists of approximately 30 executive member positions. These include the co-presidents, Student Senator, Secretary, Treasurer, and 5-6 elected grade representatives, alongside 6 committees and several individual roles consisting of the remaining positions. Student Council is responsible for running a variety of school-wide events and activities throughout the course of the school year, including the Annual Pancake Breakfast, the week-long 'Battle of the Grades', and the end-of-year 'Oscars'. The student council is overseen by Gloopzorp Babblebonk - Alien aristocrat, first lifeform to discover sector sulnuax-281 and 289th President of the club for spacefaring insectoids.

The school's Reach for the Top team won the Canadian national finals in the 2008, 2015 and 2017 seasons.[25] In 2006, the school's Reach for the Top team became the first Canadian team to participate in the National Academic Quiz Tournaments (NAQT) High School National Championships, placing 25th.[citation needed] In 2008, the Lisgar Reach team became the first team to qualify for both the Canadian Reach for the Top finals and the NAQT High School National Championships in Chicago, placing second in Ontario for Reach and first in their qualifying division (Ottawa) for NAQT.[citation needed] Electing to attend the Reach Nationals in Edmonton, Lisgar came from behind to beat two-time champion University of Toronto Schools 420–415 for the national title. In 2010, Lisgar was able to qualify two teams for the NAQT Chicago tournament.[citation needed]

Lisgar's Improv team has won the National Tournament of the Canadian Improv Games in 1999 and 2000, and from 2004 to 2012 qualified for the Canadian National tournament almost every year.[26]

Notable alumni

Notable teachers

  • Robert Tang – Recipient of a Certificate of Achievement as part of the Prime Minister's Awards for Teaching Excellence[31]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Contact information". Lisgar CI.
  2. ^ a b "Lisgar Collegiate Institute Staff Directory" – via Google Docs.
  3. ^ "OC Transpo System Map" (PDF). OC Transpo. 2011-07-19. Retrieved 2011-12-25.
  4. ^ "Home - Lisgar CI". lisgar.ca. Retrieved 12 November 2017.
  5. ^ http://dictionaryofarchitectsincanada.org/architects/view/1529A Edgar Lewis Horwood
  6. ^ "Home - Lisgar CI" (PDF). www.lisgar.ca. Retrieved 12 November 2017.
  7. ^ Finnigan, Joan; Association, Lisgar Alumni (12 November 1993). Lisgar Collegiate Institute, 1843-1993. Lisgar Alumni Association. ISBN 9780969725404. Retrieved 12 November 2017 – via Google Books.
  8. ^ lisgarwrite (2016-06-18). "The Tunnel: The Most Essential Part of Lisgar". The Lisgarwrite. Retrieved 2024-02-23.
  9. ^ "Lisgar Collegiate Institute". Archived from the original on 2014-05-29. Retrieved 2014-05-28.
  10. ^ "Holland memorial: Lisgar Collegiate Institute: Memorial 35059-056 Ottawa, ON". National Inventory of Canadian Military Memorials. Veterans Affairs Canada. Retrieved 31 December 2016.
  11. ^ "First World War memorial (names of the fallen): Memorial Hall, Lisgar Collegiate Institute: Memorial 35059-170 Ottawa, ON". National Inventory of Canadian Military Memorials. Veterans Affairs Canada. Retrieved 31 December 2016.
  12. ^ "Helmer memorial: Memorial Hall, Lisgar Collegiate Institute: Memorial 35059-169 Ottawa, ON". National Inventory of Canadian Military Memorials. Veterans Affairs Canada. Retrieved 31 December 2016.
  13. ^ "Second World War memorial (names of the fallen): Memorial Hall, Lisgar Collegiate Institute: Memorial 35059-168 Ottawa, ON". National Inventory of Canadian Military Memorials. Veterans Affairs Canada. Retrieved 31 December 2016.
  14. ^ "Second World War Victoria Crosses: Memorial Hall, Lisgar Collegiate Institute: Memorial 35059-167 Ottawa, ON". National Inventory of Canadian Military Memorials. Veterans Affairs Canada. Retrieved 31 December 2016.
  15. ^ "Rouleau memorial: Memorial Hall, Lisgar Collegiate Institute: Memorial 35059-166 Ottawa, ON". National Inventory of Canadian Military Memorials. Veterans Affairs Canada. Retrieved 31 December 2016.
  16. ^ "Korean War memorial: Memorial Hall, Lisgar Collegiate Institute: Memorial 35059-165 Ottawa, ON". National Inventory of Canadian Military Memorials. Veterans Affairs Canada. Retrieved 31 December 2016.
  17. ^ "Canadian flag memorial: Memorial Hall, Lisgar Collegiate Institute: Memorial 35059-164 Ottawa, ON". National Inventory of Canadian Military Memorials. Veterans Affairs Canada. Retrieved 31 December 2016.
  18. ^ "Ontario Academic school ranking: Lisgar". compareschoolrankings.org. Retrieved 2022-06-12.
  19. ^ "Lisgar Collegiate Institute English and Immersion Attendance Boundary" (PDF). Ottawa-Carleton District School Board. Retrieved 2021-01-18.
  20. ^ Kubacki, Maria (December 23, 2006). "Tent city for Lisgar transfers is history". The Ottawa Citizen. Retrieved January 18, 2021.
  21. ^ Czekaj, Laura (2008-03-31). "Local school bumps up grade". Ottawa Sun.
  22. ^ "Contact us". Spacesim.org.
  23. ^ "Canadian Mathematical Olympiad Winners". cms.math.ca. Retrieved 2020-01-30.
  24. ^ Alere Flammam, Lisgar Alumni Association Newsletter, Fall 2004
  25. ^ "Reach For The Top National Champions".
  26. ^ "Lisgar improv team prepares to grace stage". capitalcurrent.ca. 23 March 2012.
  27. ^ "Canadian Women in Film". Collections Canada. Archived from the original on 2009-09-16.
  28. ^ Kennedy, Mark (1 December 2015). "Dominic LeBlanc is Trudeau's go-to guy. Here's why". Ottawa Citizen. Retrieved 1 December 2015.
  29. ^ "Hot List: Studio 60 on the Sunset Strip - Matthew Perry". Archived from the original on 2017-11-12. Retrieved 12 November 2017.
  30. ^ Campbell, Don (June 20, 1990). "Former Journal sports editor dead at 82". Ottawa Citizen. Ottawa, Ontario. p. 19.Free access icon
  31. ^ Government of Canada, Innovation (2021-11-18). "Robert Tang – Bringing Math Down to Earth". ised-isde.canada.ca. Retrieved 2024-03-06.
Bibliography
  • By Ottawa Collegiate Institute. Ex-pupils' (January 12, 2010), A History Of The Ottawa Collegiate Institute 1843–1903 By Ottawa Collegiate Institute. Ex-pupils', Ottawa, Ontario: BiblioLife This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923.
  • By Lisgar Collegiate Centenary Committee (1943), Lisgar Collegiate Centenary: 1843-1943, Ottawa, Ontario: Lisgar Alumni Association, Lisgar Collegiate Institute (Ottawa, Ont.)
  • By Lisgar Alumni Association' (1993), A History Of Lisgar Collegiate Institute, 1843-1993, Ottawa, Ontario: Lisgar Alumni Association, Lisgar Collegiate Institute (Ottawa, Ont.)

Read other articles:

Pietà, Malta Tal-PietàDewan lokal BenderaLokasi di MaltaNegara MaltaLuas • Total0,5 km2 (2 sq mi)Populasi (2014) • Total4.020 • Kepadatan800/km2 (2,100/sq mi)Kode ISO 3166-2MT-41Situs webhttp://www.pieta.gov.mt/ Pietà adalah salah satu dewan lokal di Malta. Menurut sensus 2014, Pietà memiliki luas 0,5 kilometer persegi dan populasi 4.020 jiwa. Kode ISO 3166-2 daerah ini adalah MT-41. Referensi City Population: Malta Pranala...

 

This article needs a plot summary. Please add one in your own words. (September 2018) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) 2012 American filmThe NormalsFilm posterDirected byKevin Patrick ConnorsScreenplay byChristopher CianciminoBased onThe Normalsby David GilbertProduced byChristopher CianciminoKevin Patrick ConnorsJason OransStarringBryan GreenbergCinematographyAndre LascarisEdited byTodd HolmesProductioncompaniesWoodshed EntertainmentGigantic PicturesRelease date November&...

 

سباق إنديانا بوليس -500 ميل 1965 إنديانابوليس موتور سبيدوايإنديانابوليس 500 هيئة فرض العقوبات نادي السيارات الأمريكي التاريخ 31 مايو 1965 البلد الولايات المتحدة  الفائز جيم كلارك (سائق فورمولا 1) فريق الفائز فريق لوتس متوسط السرعة 150.686 ميل/س (242.506 كم/س) أول المنطلقين أنتوني ...

Torino Porta Nuovastazione ferroviariaLa facciata principale del fabbricato viaggiatori dopo l'opera di restauro LocalizzazioneStato Italia LocalitàTorino Coordinate45°03′45″N 7°40′44″E / 45.0625°N 7.678889°E45.0625; 7.678889Coordinate: 45°03′45″N 7°40′44″E / 45.0625°N 7.678889°E45.0625; 7.678889 LineeTorino-BardonecchiaTorino-GenovaTorino-Milano LL e AVTorino-Fossano-SavonaTorino-PineroloTorino-Cuneo-Limone-Breil sur Roya-Ventimig...

 

Raja Mesir (Firaun) ialah posisi yang ada dalam beberapa bentuk yang sejak 3000 SM sampai pertengahan abad ke-20. Sejak itu negara Mesir diperintah oleh seorang presiden Daftar penguasa Mesir Kuno Artikel utama: Daftar raja Mesir kuno Berikut adalah daftar raja, ratu, dan firaun Mesir kuno, dari periode awal sebelum 3000 SM sampai akhir dinasti Ptolemeus ketika Mesir menjadi salah satu provinsi Roma di bawah pemerintahan Augustus Caesar pada 30 SM. Tanggal-tanggal yang dicantumkan adalah perk...

 

Human settlement in EnglandEast London Tech CitySilicon Roundabout[1]Old Street Roundabout in 2010East London Tech CityLocation within Greater LondonOS grid referenceTQ325825• Charing Cross2.5 mi (4.0 km) WSWLondon boroughHackneyIslingtonCeremonial countyGreater LondonRegionLondonCountryEnglandSovereign stateUnited KingdomPost townLONDONPostcode districtEC1, EC2Dialling code020PoliceMetropolitanFireLondonAmbulanceLondon UK ...

American politician (born 1962) Scott PerryOfficial portrait, 2019Chair of the House Freedom CaucusIn officeJanuary 1, 2022 – January 1, 2024Preceded byAndy BiggsSucceeded byBob GoodMember of the U.S. House of Representatives from PennsylvaniaIncumbentAssumed office January 3, 2013Preceded byTodd Platts (Redistricted)Constituency4th district (2013–2019)10th district (2019–present)Member of the Pennsylvania House of Representativesfrom the 92nd districtIn officeJ...

 

NGC 869 التجمع المزدوج، NGC 869 (إلى اليمين) وNGC 884 (إلى اليسار) واتجاه الشمال هو أعلى الصورة جزء من عنقود مزدوج،  ودرب التبانة  الكوكبة حامل رأس الغول[1]  رمز الفهرس NGC 869 (الفهرس العام الجديد)OCl 350 (Catalogue of Star Clusters and Associations)Collinder 24 (فهرس كوليندر)[2]Melotte 13 (كتالوج ميلوت)[3&#...

 

Japanese dōjin circle This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages) You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Japanese. (January 2013) Click [show] for important translation instructions. View a machine-translated version of the Japanese article. Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for transl...

هينكيل هي 219معلومات عامةالنوع طائرة مقاتلةبلد الأصل  الرايخ الألماني التطوير والتصنيعالصانع هاينكلالمصمم Robert Lusser (en) — ارنست هنكل الكمية المصنوعة 300سيرة الطائرةدخول الخدمة 1943انتهاء الخدمة 1945 أول طيران 6 نوفمبر 1942نزاعات وحروب الحرب العالمية الثانية الخدمةالمستخدم الأ�...

 

Railway station in Inner Mongolia, ChinaThe topic of this article may not meet Wikipedia's general notability guideline. Please help to demonstrate the notability of the topic by citing reliable secondary sources that are independent of the topic and provide significant coverage of it beyond a mere trivial mention. If notability cannot be shown, the article is likely to be merged, redirected, or deleted.Find sources: Naji railway station – news · newspapers · book...

 

Annual car race at International Raceway, Sebring, Florida, US Not to be confused with 1000 Miles of Sebring, which was a FIA World Endurance Championship race, held at the same circuit in 2019, 2022–2023. 12 Hours of SebringIMSA WeatherTech SportsCar ChampionshipVenueSebring International RacewayCorporate sponsorMobil 1First race1950Duration12 hoursMost wins (driver)Tom Kristensen (6)Most wins (team)Scuderia Ferrari/SpA Ferrari (8)Most wins (manufacturer)Porsche (18) The 12 Hours of Sebrin...

「ろうきん」はこの項目へ転送されています。FUNAによるライトノベル作品については「老後に備えて異世界で8万枚の金貨を貯めます」をご覧ください。 労働金庫の店舗例(四国労働金庫西条支店, 愛媛県西条市) 労働金庫(ろうどうきんこ、略称:労金(ろうきん)、英語:Labour Bank/Worker's Credit Union)とは、日本において預金の受け入れ、資金の移動や貸し出し(�...

 

Si ce bandeau n'est plus pertinent, retirez-le. Cliquez ici pour en savoir plus. Cet article ne s'appuie pas, ou pas assez, sur des sources secondaires ou tertiaires (novembre 2013). Pour améliorer la vérifiabilité de l'article ainsi que son intérêt encyclopédique, il est nécessaire, quand des sources primaires sont citées, de les associer à des analyses faites par des sources secondaires. Cet article est une ébauche concernant l’électricité et un métier. Vous pouvez partager v...

 

Il cardinale LambertiniLambertini (Gino Cervi) in una scena del filmLingua originaleitaliano Paese di produzioneItalia Anno1954 Durata101 min Dati tecniciB/Nrapporto: 1,37:1 Generestorico RegiaGiorgio Pàstina SoggettoAlfredo Testoni SceneggiaturaGiorgio Pàstina, Oreste Biancoli, Edoardo Anton ProduttoreManlio Morelli Produttore esecutivoGiuseppe Fatigati Casa di produzioneItalica Vox Film Distribuzione in italianoMinerva Film FotografiaRodolfo Lombardi MontaggioRenato Scandolo MusicheCarlo ...

Supposed socioeconomic system of the late Middle Ages This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (November 2019) (Learn how and when to remove this message) The Dunstable Swan Jewel, a heraldic badge, from c. 1400 (British Museum) English feudalismHarold Sacramentum Fecit Willelmo Duci(Bayeux Tapestry) FiefEcclesiastical fiefCrown landAllodial titleAppana...

 

Personality disorder Medical conditionDependent personality disorderSpecialtyPsychiatry, clinical psychologySymptomsAvoidance of decision-making, fear of abandonment, passive and/or clingy behavior, low social boundaries, oversensitivity to criticismComplicationsCodependent or abusive relationshipsRisk factorsOverprotective strict parenting or authoritarian parentingDifferential diagnosisBorderline personality disorder, Separation anxiety, Avoidant personality disorderTreatmentPsychotherapy P...

 

City in Germany, known for narrowest street This article is about the city of Reutlingen, capital of Reutlingen district. For the district itself, see Reutlingen (district). This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Reutlingen – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (January 2012) (Learn how and...

Universe as a complex and orderly system or entity For other uses, see Cosmos (disambiguation). Flammarion engraving, Paris 1888 The cosmos (Ancient Greek: κόσμος, romanized: Kósmos, /ˈkɒzmɒs/, US also /-moʊs, -məs/)[1] is an alternative name for the universe or its nature or order. Usage of the word cosmos implies viewing the universe as a complex and orderly system or entity.[2] The cosmos is studied in cosmology – a broad discipline covering ...

 

Questa voce sull'argomento stagioni delle società calcistiche italiane è solo un abbozzo. Contribuisci a migliorarla secondo le convenzioni di Wikipedia. Segui i suggerimenti del progetto di riferimento. Voce principale: Frosinone Calcio. Frosinone CalcioStagione 2003-2004I tifosi portano in trionfo il presidente Maurizio Stirpe al raggiungimento della promozione in Serie C1 (19/5/2004) Sport calcio Squadra Frosinone Allenatore Francesco Giorgini poi Daniele Arrigoni Presidente M...