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Kingham
Kingham
	St Andrew's parish church
	Kingham Location within Oxfordshire
Population	913 (2011 Census)
OS grid reference	SP2624
Civil parish	Kingham;
District	West Oxfordshire;
Shire county	Oxfordshire;
Region	South East;
Country	England
Sovereign state	United Kingdom
Post town	Chipping Norton
Postcode district	OX7
Dialling code	01608
Police	Thames Valley
Fire	Oxfordshire
Ambulance	South Central
UK Parliament	Banbury;
Website	Kingham Parish Council
	List of places UK England Oxfordshire 51°54′18″N 1°36′50″W / 51.905°N 1.614°W

Kingham is a village and civil parish in the Cotswolds about 4 miles (6.4 km) southwest of Chipping Norton, Oxfordshire. The 2011 Census recorded the parish's population as 913.^[1]

Toponym

The Domesday Book of 1086 records the toponym as Caningeham. Another 11th-century document records it as Keingeham. A charter from 1160 records it as Kaingham, as do numerous subsequent documents until 1251. A charter from 1160 and a pipe roll entry for 1163 record it as Caingeham. A charter of Osney Abbey from 1210 records it as Kangham. The Book of Fees records it as Kaingeham in entries for 1220 and 1242 and Keingham or Keyngham in entries for 1235–36. A feet of fines entry for 1254 records it as Kengham: a spelling that was frequent until 1377, when it was used in a Close Roll entry. An assize roll from 1268 records it as Kehingham. A charter of Eynsham Abbey from 1285 records it as Canyngesham, but an assize roll from the same year records it as Kyngham. The latter spelling remained in frequent use until 1428, when it was used in a feudal aid document. An earlier feudal aid document, from 1346, records it as Keygham.^[2] The name is derived from Old English, meaning "the hām (homestead) of Cǣga's people".^[2]^[3]

Parish church

The Church of England parish church of St Andrew has a 14th-century Perpendicular Gothic west tower with a 15th-century top. The chancel was rebuilt in 1688. In 1852–53 the church was heavily restored and the south aisle was added.^[4] The tower has a ring of eight bells, all cast in 1924 by John Taylor & Co of Loughborough.^[5] The church is a Grade II* listed building.^[6] Both The Rectory and the Old Rectory Cottage are 17th century.^[7]

Economic and social history

Building of the Oxford, Worcester and Wolverhampton Railway (OW&W) along the Evenlode Valley began in 1845 and was completed in 1853. It passes through the western part of Kingham parish but originally there was no station. In 1855 the Chipping Norton Railway was opened linking Chipping Norton with the OW&W 1 mile (1.6 km) south of Kingham village where a new station, Chipping Norton Junction, was opened. In 1862 the Bourton on the Water Railway opened between Chipping Norton Junction and Bourton-on-the-Water. The Great Western Railway took over the OW&W in 1862 and the Chipping Norton and Bourton lines in 1897. In 1909 the GWR renamed the junction station "Kingham". In 1962 British Railways closed the branch lines to Chipping Norton and Bourton-on-the-Water. BR later replaced the historic Kingham railway station building with a modern one. In 1955 the Royal Navy named a Ham-class minesweeper HMS Kingham after the village.

Amenities

Kingham railway station is served by Cotswold Line trains between London Paddington, Oxford, Worcester and Hereford. Bus route X8 served the railway station and village from 2014. Buses ran peak hours only, Monday to Friday, to and from Chipping Norton via Churchill. Pulham's Coaches operated the route for Oxfordshire County Council until its withdrawal on 1 April 2022.^[8] The village has two gastropubs: The Plough,^[9] beside the older village green, operates under Matt and Katie Beamish and offers contemporary British food; and The Wild Rabbit (formerly The Tollgate) which is now part of Lady Carole Bamford's Daylesford Organic organisation.^[10] The village also has an hotel called The Mill House.^[11] The village has a county primary school.^[12] The private Kingham Hill School is 1+1⁄2 miles (2.4 km) north of the village.^[13] Kingham has a village shop and post office, a Royal British Legion club, a village hall, two village greens, a children's play park and a football field.

Twinning

Kingham is twinned with the village of Pont-à-Marcq near Lille in France.^{[citation needed]}

In popular culture

In 2004 a Country Life panel judged Kingham to be "England's Favourite Village".^[14] Blur bass-player Alex James lives on a sheep and dairy farm outside the village and chronicles the experience in his column in The Independent.^[15] An episode of the BBC Three comedy This Country was also filmed at Kingham railway station.

References

^ "Kingham Parish". nomis. Durham University for the Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 6 September 2020.
^ ^a ^b Gelling 1954, Kingham
^ Ekwall 1960, Kingham
^ Sherwood & Pevsner 1974, p. 673.
^ Hedgcock, James (8 January 2013). "Kingham S Andrew". Dove's Guide for Church Bell Ringers. Central Council of Church Bell Ringers. Retrieved 6 August 2015.
^ Historic England. "Church of St Andrew (Grade II*) (1283232)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 9 September 2015.
^ Sherwood & Pevsner 1974, p. 674.
^ @PulhamsCoaches (7 March 2022). "Please be advised that the X8 service will cease operation on Friday 1st April 2022" (Tweet). Retrieved 17 April 2023 – via Twitter.
^ The Kingham Plough
^ The Wild Rabbit
^ Mill House Hotel
^ Kingham County Primary School
^ Kingham Hill School
^ Uloth, Rupert (4 November 2004). "We reveal England's Favourite Village". Country Life. Retrieved 6 August 2015.
^ James, Alex. "Rural Notebook". The Independent. London. Archived from the original on 1 May 2008. Retrieved 6 August 2015.

Sources

Ekwall, Eilert (1960) [1936]. Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Place-Names (4th ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. Kingham. ISBN 0198691033.
Gelling, Margaret (1954). Smith, AH (ed.). The Place-Names of Oxfordshire, Part II. Vol. XXIV. based on material collected by Doris Mary Stenton. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press for the English Place-Name Society. Kingham.
Sherwood, Jennifer; Pevsner, Nikolaus (1974). Oxfordshire. The Buildings of England. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books. pp. 673–675. ISBN 0-14-071045-0.