Kamuku languages

Kamuku
Geographic
distribution		Niger State, western Nigeria
EthnicityKamuku people
Linguistic classificationNiger–Congo?
Language codes
Glottologkamu1261

The Kamuku languages are a branch of the Kainji languages spoken by the Kamuku people of Niger State, western Nigeria, mostly in Mariga and Rafi LGAs.

Although formerly classified as Kamuku, Pongu is now placed in a related branch, the Pongu (Shiroro) languages, and Western Acipa (Cipu) with the Kambari languages.

Languages

Blench (2012)

Blench (2012) lists the following Kamuku languages and their sociolinguistic situations. Kamuku internal classification can be briefly summarised as:[1]

‘Yara, or Cinda-Regi-Kuki-Kuru-Maruba, is the largest Kamuku subgroup. There are four main Cinda-Regi varieties, Cinda, Regi, Orogo, and Kuki. Kuru and Maruba, both named after villages, are close to each other. Shiyabe is close to tuRogo. However, Rogo can refer to two varieties, namely a Cinda-Regi variety and another non-Cinda-Regi variety (Rogo II). Səgəmuk (Zubazuba), Tushyabe, and Turubaruba are all spoken in Igwama town of Mariga LGA, Niger State.

Kagare (Kwagere[2]) is spoken in Unguwar Tanko village. There is partial intelligibility with Cinda, Regi and Səgəmuk (Zubazuba).

Names for various Kamuku languages:

Common name (root) One person People Language
Names for various Kamuku languages
Ucinda Bucinda uCinda tuCinda
Regi Buregi uRegi Turegi
Rɔgo Bɔrɔgo u-rɔgɔ Turɔgo
Canja Bucanja Ucanja Tucanja
Bɔroma Mutabɔroma Utabɔroma Tabɔroma
Shama Bushama Ushama Tushama
Sambuga Busambuga Usambuga Tusambuga
Sundura buSundura uSundura Tusundura

Extinct languages

Extinct Kamuku languages:[1]

  • Sambuga (extinct) and Shama (still spoken) are closely related.
  • Makɨci (? [məkɨci]) was an extinct Kamuku language spoken in Makɨci village and in a village cluster a few kilometres east of Igwama.
  • Ingwai (Inkwai) is extinct.
  • The village of Saya may have also spoken a Kamuku language. Ingwai and Saya speakers have both switched to Hausa.
  • Kwacika (extinct) is reported to be a Kamuku language.[2]

Blench (2018)

Kamuku classification by Blench (2018):[3]

Each lect is generally identified with an individual hill in the Mariga area of Niger State.[3]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Blench, Roger (2012). "The Kainji languages of northwestern and central Nigeria" (PDF). Cambridge: Kay Williamson Educational Foundation.
  2. ^ a b Blench, Roger (2019). An Atlas of Nigerian Languages (4th ed.). Cambridge: Kay Williamson Educational Foundation.
  3. ^ a b Blench, Roger M. 2018. Nominal affixing in the Kainji languages of northwestern and central Nigeria. In John R. Watters (ed.), East Benue-Congo: Nouns, pronouns, and verbs, 59–106. Berlin: Language Science Press. doi:10.5281/zenodo.1314323

Further reading

Read other articles:

Symbian Ltd.

Symbian Software Ltd.IndustriPerangkat lunakNasibDiakuisisi oleh NokiaDidirikan1998KantorpusatSouthwark, LondonTokohkunciColly Myers, David Levin, Nigel CliffordProdukSymbian OSKaryawan1178 (2007)IndukNokiaSitus webwww.symbian.com  Symbian Ltd. adalah perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang perangkat lunak. Salah satu produknya adalah Symbian OS, sebuah sistem operasi untuk perangkat telepon cerdas.[1] Memiliki kantor pusat di Southwark, London, Inggris, dengan beberapa kantor cabang ...

 

49th parallel north

Circle of latitude This article is about the circle of latitude in the northern hemisphere. For other uses, see 49th parallel (disambiguation). 49°class=notpageimage| 49th parallel north The 49th parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 49° north of Earth's equator. It crosses Europe, Asia, the Pacific Ocean, North America, and the Atlantic Ocean. The city of Paris is about 15 km (9 mi) south of the 49th parallel and is the largest city between the 48th and 49th parallels. I...

 

Daftar Wali Kota Surakarta

Wali Kota Surakartaꦮꦭꦶꦏꦸꦛ​ꦱꦸꦫꦏꦂꦠWalikutha SurakartaPetahanaGibran Rakabumingsejak 26 Februari 2021KediamanLoji GandrungMasa jabatanLima TahunDibentuk19 Mei 1946Pejabat pertamaR. T. SindoeredjoSitus webwww.surakarta.go.id Wali Kota Surakarta (Jawa: ꦮꦭꦶꦏꦸꦛ​ꦱꦸꦫꦏꦂꦠ, translit. Walikutha Surakarta) adalah kepala daerah tingkat II yang memegang pemerintahan di Surakarta bersama dengan Wakil Wali Kota dan 45 anggota Dewan Perwakilan Ra...

Power distance

Strength of social hierarchy This article is about the concept in social dynamics. For the geometric distance defined from circles, see power of a point. This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages) This article possibly contains original research. Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations. Statements consisting only of original research should be remov...

 

KZTL

Radio station in Paxton, NebraskaKZTLPaxton, NebraskaBroadcast areaNorth Platte, NebraskaFrequency93.5 MHzBrandingZ93.5ProgrammingFormatCountryOwnershipOwnerEagle Communications, Inc.Sister stationsKNPQ, KOOQ, KELNHistoryFirst air dateOctober 23, 2007; 16 years ago (2007-10-23)Technical information[1]Licensing authorityFCCFacility ID164138ClassC1ERP100,000 wattsHAAT229.6 meters (753 ft)Transmitter coordinates41°3′50″N 101°20′16″W / 41.0...

 

Fakultas Bahasa, Seni, dan Budaya Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Fakultas Bahasa, Seni, dan BudayaUniversitas Negeri Yogyakartaꦥ꦳ꦏꦸꦭ꧀ꦠꦱ꧀ꦧꦱ꧈ꦱꦼꦤꦶꦭꦤ꧀ꦧꦸꦣꦪGedung Fakultas Bahasa, Seni, dan Budaya Universitas Negeri YogyakartaNama sebelumnya Fakultas Keguruan Sastra dan Seni (1963–1981) Fakultas Pendidikan Bahasa dan Seni (1981–1996) Fakultas Bahasa dan Seni (1996–2022) MotoAkademis, Humanis, Inovatif, ProfesionalMoto dalam bahasa InggrisAcademic, Humanist, Innovative, ProfessionalJenisPerguruan Tinggi Neg...

St. Charles Avenue

Thoroughfare in New Orleans, United States 19th century street-name tiles in sidewalk St. Charles Avenue (French: avenue Saint-Charles) is a thoroughfare in New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S. and the route of the St. Charles Streetcar Line. It is also famous for the dozens of mansions that adorn the tree-lined boulevard for much of the uptown section of the boulevard. It is named for St. Charles Borromeo, patron saint of Charles III of Spain, the monarch when France transferred the then-vast territ...

 

Oliver Smithies

Pour les articles homonymes, voir Smithies. Cet article est une ébauche concernant une personnalité anglaise et la médecine. Vous pouvez partager vos connaissances en l’améliorant (comment ?) selon les recommandations des projets correspondants. Oliver SmithiesOliver Smithies en 2009.BiographieNaissance 23 juin 1925Halifax (Royaume-Uni), Yorkshire de l'OuestDécès 10 janvier 2017 (à 91 ans)Chapel Hill (Caroline du Nord)Nationalité britannique et américaineFormation Ballio...

 

Mithapukur Mosque

Mithapukur Mosqueমিঠাপুকুর মসজিদReligionAffiliationIslamDistrictRangpurLocationMunicipalityMithapukurCountryBangladeshArchitectureTypemosqueThis article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Mithapukur Mosque – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (January 2021) (Learn how and...

إحصاء سكان الولايات المتحدة

إحصاء سكان الولايات المتحدةمعلومات عامةالتكرر 10 سنة[1][2] البلد الولايات المتحدة[1] تاريخ التأسيس 1790[1][2] موقع الويب census.gov… (الإنجليزية) تعديل - تعديل مصدري - تعديل ويكي بيانات إحصاء سكان الولايات المتحدة هو إحصاء سكاني تقوم به الولايات المتحدة كل عشر سنو�...

 

Acoustique sous-marine

Cet article est une ébauche concernant la physique. Vous pouvez partager vos connaissances en l’améliorant (comment ?) selon les recommandations des projets correspondants. Consultez la liste des tâches à accomplir en page de discussion. Simulation acoustique dans un environnement océanique simple. Classe Onega de navire collecteur de renseignements de la marine russe, utilisé pour les écoutes hydroacoustiques. L'acoustique sous-marine est l'étude de la propagation du son dans...

 

ソー (オー＝ド＝セーヌ県)

Sceaux 行政国 フランス地域圏 (Région) イル＝ド＝フランス地域圏県 (département) オー＝ド＝セーヌ県郡 (arrondissement) アントニー郡小郡 (canton) 小郡庁所在地INSEEコード 92071郵便番号 92330市長（任期） フィリップ・ローラン（2008年-2014年）自治体間連合 (fr) メトロポール・デュ・グラン・パリ人口動態人口 19,679人（2007年）人口密度 5466人/km2住民の呼称 Scéens地理座標 北緯48度4...

Frederick Grey

For those of a similar name, see Frederick Gray (disambiguation). SirFrederick GreyBorn(1805-08-23)23 August 1805Howick, NorthumberlandDied2 May 1878(1878-05-02) (aged 72)Sunningdale, BerkshireAllegiance United KingdomService/branch Royal NavyYears of service1819–1866RankAdmiralCommands heldHMS ActaeonHMS JupiterHMS EndymionHMS HannibalCape of Good Hope StationBattles/warsFirst Opium WarCrimean WarAwardsKnight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath Admiral The Hon. Sir Frederick Wil...

 

Ruru Madrid

Nama ini menggunakan kebiasaan penamaan Filipina; nama tengah atau nama keluarga pihak ibunya adalah Misa dan marga atau nama keluarga pihak ayahnya adalah Madrid. Ruru MadridMadrid pada tahun 2014LahirJosé Ezekiel Misa Madrid4 Desember 1997 (umur 26)Kota Zamboanga, FilipinaKebangsaanFilipinaPekerjaanPemeranpenyanyimodelpembawa acaravloggerTahun aktif2012–sekarangAgenSparkle GMA Artist Center (2012–sekarang)Dikenal atasEncantadiaLolongRunning Man PhilippinesSherlock Jr.Tin...

 

بطولة كاريوكا 1983

بطولة كاريوكا 1983 تفاصيل الموسم بطولة كاريوكا  البلد البرازيل  البطل نادي فلومينينسي  عدد المشاركين 12   بطولة كاريوكا 1982  بطولة كاريوكا 1984  تعديل مصدري - تعديل   بطولة كاريوكا 1983 هو موسم من بطولة كاريوكا. أشرف على تنظيمه Federação de Futebol do Estado do Rio de Janeiro [الإنج�...

LGBT history in the United States

You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in German. (September 2023) Click [show] for important translation instructions. View a machine-translated version of the German article. Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wik...

 

Kevin Izod O'Doherty

Australian politician The HonDr Kevin O'DohertyMember of the Queensland Legislative Assemblyfor Town of BrisbaneIn office22 June 1867 – 14 November 1873Serving with Alexander Pritchard, Simon Fraser, Ratcliffe Pring, John Killeen Handy, Theophilus Pugh, George EdmondstonePreceded byWilliam BrookesSucceeded bySeat abolishedMember of the Queensland Legislative CouncilIn office12 May 1877 – 4 November 1885Member of the British House of the Commonsfor North MeathIn o...

 

Luca Argentero

Italian actor, model and television personality This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages) This biography of a living person relies on a single source. You can help by adding reliable sources to this article. Contentious material about living people that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately. (December 2023) (Learn how and when to remove this message) You can hel...

Susan Blakely

Susan BlakelyLahir7 September 1948 (umur 75)Frankfurt, JermanPekerjaanAktrisTahun aktif1972–sekarangSuami/istriTodd Merer ​ ​(m. 1969; c. 1981)​ Steve Jaffe ​(m. 1982)​ Susan Blakely (lahir 7 September 1948) adalah seorang aktris dan model Amerika Serikat. Dia terkenal karena peran utamanya dalam miniseri ABC 1976 Rich Man, Poor Man, di mana dia menerima Penghargaan Golden Globe untuk Aktris Terbaik - Dr...

 

William Boyd (actor)

American actor (1895–1972) For others with the same name, see William Boyd (disambiguation). William BoydBoyd c. 1925Born(1895-06-05)June 5, 1895Hendrysburg, Ohio, U.S.DiedSeptember 12, 1972(1972-09-12) (aged 77)Laguna Beach, California, U.S.Resting placeForest Lawn Memorial Park CemeteryOther namesHoppy, Hopalong CassidyOccupation(s)Actor, movie producer, directorYears active1918–1954Height6 ft (183 cm)Spouses Laura Maynard ​ ​(m. 1917...