KVEA

"KBSC-TV" redirects here. For the station in Brookings, Oregon, see KBSC-LP.
Not to be confused with WVEA-TV.

KVEA
CityCorona, California
Channels
BrandingTelemundo 52
Programming
Affiliations
Ownership
Owner
KNBC
History
First air date
June 29, 1966
(58 years ago) (1966-06-29)
Former call signs
  • KMTW-TV (1966–1968)
  • KBSC-TV (1968–1985)
Former channel number(s)
  • Analog: 52 (UHF, 1966–2009)
  • Digital: 39 (UHF, until 2019)
Call sign meaning
"Vea" is Spanish for "watch"[1]
Technical information[2]
Licensing authority
FCC
Facility ID19783
ERP620 kW
HAAT988.9 m (3,244 ft)
Transmitter coordinates34°12′47.8″N 118°3′41″W / 34.213278°N 118.06139°W / 34.213278; -118.06139
Translator(s)K14AT-D Ridgecrest
Links
Public license information
Websitewww.telemundo52.com

KVEA (channel 52) is a television station licensed to Corona, California, United States, serving as the Los Angeles area outlet for the Spanish-language network Telemundo. It is owned and operated by NBCUniversal's Telemundo Station Group alongside KNBC (channel 4). The two stations share studios at the Brokaw News Center in the northwest corner of the Universal Studios Hollywood lot off Lankershim Boulevard in Universal City; KVEA's transmitter is located atop Mount Wilson.

Channel 52 was established as KMTW, an independent station owned by Kaiser Broadcasting, which became KBSC-TV in 1968. Kaiser explored several pay television systems to operate using the station, but none materialized until Oak Industries acquired the station and made it the first and most successful operation in ON TV, boasting as many as 400,000 subscribers at its zenith. As subscription television declined, Oak sold KBSC-TV in 1985 to a group that relaunched it as Spanish-language KVEA and was instrumental in the foundation of Telemundo.

History

Foundation

On November 14, 1962, the Federal Communications Commission granted Kaiser Broadcasting, a division of Kaiser Industries, a construction permit for a new channel 52 television station to be licensed to Corona.[3] The station, named KICB before construction, signed on as KMTW from studios and a transmitter on Mount Wilson[3] on June 29, 1966.[4]

Kaiser had developed a chain of independent television stations in large cities that generally lacked independent stations at the outset. The Kaiser independents in such cities as Detroit (WKBD-TV), Philadelphia (WKBS-TV), and Cleveland (WKBF-TV), for instance, were typically the first or second such non-network outlets in operation. Los Angeles presented a very different market with three network stations, four VHF independents already operating, and (with KMTW activated) four UHF stations.[5] Kaiser knew it would need a different approach. Before signing on, it took an option on the Phonevision subscription television system developed by Zenith Electronics and licensed by Teco, gaining the right to use it in the Los Angeles market.[6] However, Phonevision's ability to be used nationally and legal cases over subscription television in California had left the system unapproved by the time channel 52 started broadcasting. Instead, KMTW subsisted on public service films, travelogues, and other cheap fare.[5][4]

On February 20, 1968,[3] KMTW became KBSC-TV, representing its ownership (Kaiser Broadcasting) and region (Southern California).[7] The Phonevision agreement expired in 1970, and the FCC gave approval the next year for Kaiser to begin using studios at 5746 Sunset Boulevard—Metromedia Square, home to KTTV.[3]

The gulf between KBSC-TV and its sister stations grew wider. In August 1972, Kaiser transferred the licenses for five of its stations to a partnership with Field Communications, of which it would own 77.5 percent. KBSC-TV was held out of the joint venture because it was scheduled to be sold.[8] Two months later, Kaiser announced it would seek to sell the station to the Pay Television Corporation[9] in a transaction filed with the FCC in February 1973.[3] The largest owner of Pay Television Corporation was Jean Marieanne McDonald.[10] The application remained pending at the FCC for nearly two years; ultimately, the company opted to franchise its technology and not be a station owner, resulting in the purchase being canceled in February 1975.[11]

The ON TV years

Further information: ON TV (TV network)

In December 1975, Kaiser filed to sell KBSC-TV to Oak Broadcasting Systems, a joint venture of television equipment manufacturer Oak Industries and Jerry Perenchio. The $1.2 million[12] transaction, which closed the next year, set the course for channel 52 to become the first station in their planned subscription television venture, as Oak moved the studios from Metromedia Square to a site on Grand Central Avenue in Glendale.[3]

On April 1, 1977,[13] 500 test subscribers in the San Fernando Valley became the first customers of ON TV, a subscription service broadcast over KBSC-TV that offered unedited, uninterrupted motion pictures, as well as limited slates of Los Angeles Dodgers, California Angels, Los Angeles Lakers and Los Angeles Kings games, during evening hours.[14] It was the second subscription television system in operation, with Wometco Home Theater having launched in New York City the previous month.[15] Japanese- and Korean-language programs that were seen on channel 52 under leased-time arrangements migrated to a new station, KSCI (channel 18), when it launched on June 30;[16] this allowed ON TV to air during evening hours beginning at 8 p.m.[17]

ON TV proved to be a success in its early years of operation, and nowhere was this more apparent than in Southern California, despite the arrival of SelecTV on KWHY-TV (channel 22) the next year. By April 1979, the service was signing up 12,000 subscribers a month.[18] By that year, it had grown its sports portfolio beyond the Dodgers, Angels, Lakers, and Kings to include USC Trojans college sports and Los Angeles Aztecs soccer, as well as horse racing from Santa Anita Park.[19] The STV venture transformed Oak Industries itself. In 1979, the company moved its headquarters from Crystal Lake, Illinois, to the new planned community of Rancho Bernardo, California, to be closer to the entertainment industry.[20]

Meanwhile, KBSC-TV changed its commercial program format to Spanish-language shows in 1980, airing 74 hours a week of commercial shows in Spanish and giving the market a second choice for Spanish-language viewing.[21] Most of its Spanish-language shows, including news from Mexico, were sourced from Mexico's Canal 13.[22]

ON TV grew nationally, with Oak and Chartwell developing operations separately, though the two remained partners in the Los Angeles operation. This arrangement, however, came into doubt in March 1981. The two sides disagreed over Perenchio's appointment of William M. Siegel, the chief executive of Chartwell, as the general manager of National Subscription Television—Los Angeles. Oak refused to consent to the appointment and claimed that Chartwell and Perenchio had "surreptitiously" placed Siegel on the payroll; it was reported that Oak had no dispute with Siegel but wanted to affirm its authority as 51 percent owner of the venture.[23] Oak chairman Carter was surprised to learn that Siegel made more money than he did. Further, Perenchio drew Oak's ire when the Chartwell ON TV operation in Detroit ordered new decoder boxes from one of Oak's competitors.[24]

Oak and Chartwell settled that September; the suit was dropped, and Oak bought out Chartwell's 49 percent share of National Subscription Television for $55 million.[25] By May 1982, ON TV in southern California had reached its zenith—400,000 subscribers,[26] representing two-thirds of Oak's base of some 600,000 paying customers in its five ON TV markets, not counting Detroit, Cincinnati, or Portland.[27]

After the FCC repealed a rule in late 1982 that required television stations offering a subscription service to broadcast at least 20 hours a week of unencrypted programming, KBSC began running ON TV 24 hours a day and displaced its existing Spanish-language daytime programming.[28] However, the STV industry took a national nosedive moving into 1983. A national recession and the increased penetration of multichannel cable television created new and immediate financial headwinds for Oak and ON TV. In March 1984, the company announced that it was being investigated by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC),[29] and it posted a loss of $166.1 million for 1983.[30] One of the company's auditors, Arthur Andersen, qualified its statement, fearing that Oak could not fully realize its $134 million investment in subscription television.[30]

After having shuttered two ON TV operations in markets with combative station owners and high cable penetration—Dallas–Fort Worth and Phoenix—Oak moved to sell its station in the Miami market in 1984 to John Blair & Co., which planned Spanish-language programming.[31] Oak intended to get out of Los Angeles next. In August—after a year of speculation—it emerged that Oak was in talks to sell the Los Angeles system to SelecTV, which had competed alongside ON TV for six years in the Southern California market.[32] A deal was initially reached, then collapsed.[33] However, SelecTV ultimately acquired the Los Angeles operation, by then with just 156,000 subscribers, in February 1985.[34]

KVEA

The same month that Oak sold the ON TV subscriber base to SelecTV, the company reached a deal to sell KBSC-TV itself to an investor group, Estrella Communications, headed by former Brazilian television network head Joe Wallach, in a $30 million transaction.[35]

Financially, the market is more than ripe for a second station. Our success does not have to come at the expense of Channel 34.

Paul Niedermayer, first general manager of KVEA[36]

SelecTV programming aired for a time on KBSC while the new owners readied the station's next chapter. On November 24, 1985, KVEA debuted. The new Spanish-language station sought to be an alternative to KMEX, the dominant outlet in southern California, with a wider range of U.S. and Latin American shows than KMEX's mostly Mexican fare and children's programming, as well as local news and a newsmagazine program.[36]

The creation of a second Spanish-language network had first been mooted in 1984. NetSpan's founding affiliates were WNJU in New York, ethnic independent KSCI channel 18 for the Los Angeles market, and Chicago's WBBS-TV.[37] By 1986, KVEA had replaced KSCI (and WCIU-TV had entered in Chicago); the network offered three hours a day of programming plus specials.[38]

Estrella Communications was a subsidiary of Reliance Capital Group, led by corporate raider Saul Steinberg. Less than a year after starting up KVEA, Reliance acquired John Blair & Co., which agreed to be purchased for $300 million to avoid a hostile takeover. The deal united KVEA with WSCV—the Miami-area station Oak had sold off two years prior—and WKAQ-TV in San Juan, Puerto Rico.[39] In October 1986, Reliance then bought WNJU.[40] On January 12, 1987,[41] NetSpan became Telemundo, supplying additional programming and national news,[42] which helped the station attract national advertisers.[43]

The investment in KVEA quickly paid off. By February 1987, the 15-month-old operation had achieved a 34 percent share of the Spanish-speaking audience in Los Angeles,[42] with the market having grown large enough that KMEX did not lose any of its audience.[44] It covered community events in Spanish, produced 11 and a half hours of local news a week, aired a weekly half-hour highlight show of the Los Angeles Dodgers hosted by longtime Dodger Spanish-language voice Jaime Jarrín;[42] furthermore, KVEA was the production base for new Spanish-language shows screened nationally, including La piñata de los $25,000 (The $25,000 Piñata), the first nationally syndicated Spanish-language game show.[45]

At the end of the 1980s, KVEA came under some criticism for lack of representation of Mexicans—who comprised 90 percent of channel 52's viewership—in management. After Frank Cruz, a former KNBC news anchor who had been with the station since the 1985 launch, left in early 1989,[46] three ranking Mexican staffers resigned together that June.[47] The dispute escalated into calls by the National Hispanic Media Coalition for an advertising boycott of the station[48] and picketing of its studios by protesters who felt the station favored Cubans in hiring and programming.[49]

KVEA's next bout of station turmoil came in 1997. Between February and August, seven longtime staffers were dismissed for supposed budgetary reasons, though one anchor, Ana Cecilia Granados, alleged that new manager José Ronstadt had a bias toward Mexicans and ousted her for being Central American.[50] Meanwhile, employees sought to unionize KVEA; they voted to form a union, but management refused voluntary recognition.[50] With another boycott threatened, KVEA recognized the union in November 1997, right before the start of a ratings survey.[51]

On January 15, 2001, KVEA launched an expanded news department, doubling its budget and its weekday output, as well as adding weekend news programs for the first time.[52] The network then purchased KWHY-TV channel 22, its former pay TV competitor and later a Spanish-language independent, for $239 million in June 2001, creating a duopoly.[53] Work was already underway on a comprehensive overhaul of channel 52's studios, and channel 22 was then integrated into the operation.[54]

NBC acquisition

In October 2001, NBC announced it would buy Telemundo. The combination of the two parties owned three stations in the market; the FCC conditioned approval of the Telemundo acquisition on the divestiture of KWHY.[55] Integration of the two operations took a major step forward in 2003, when 250 Telemundo employees moved to KNBC's studios in Burbank.[56] KWHY sales and programming functions remained in Glendale while NBC fought for a waiver to keep all three stations;[57] the next year, the FCC revised its media ownership rules to allow ownership of three stations in the largest markets.[58] NBC would sell off KWHY in 2011 to the Meruelo Group as a condition of its merger with Comcast.[59]

In 2007, NBC announced that it would move its Los Angeles local operation to a site at Universal Studios Hollywood.[60] The complex was completed in 2014, with separate studios for KNBC and KVEA and a shared newsroom.[61] Despite being an integrated operation, unlike at KNBC, KVEA's anchors and reporters remained non-union until voting 18–1 to unionize with SAG-AFTRA in January 2023.[62]

News department

Large white building with metal framing
Studio building shared by KNBC and KVEA

Local news programming on channel 52 began with the KVEA relaunch, in the form of a 15-minute program called VEA Noticias.[36] One of the station's early coups was its coverage of the 1986 San Salvador earthquake, which drew new news viewers and started competition with KMEX.[63] This quickly expanded into a full news service, and the station produced 11 and a half hours of local news a week by 1987.[42]

To daily 6 and 11 p.m. news programs, KVEA added morning and midday newscasts when the news department expanded in January 2001, doubling its budget.[52] In October 2001, a 5 am newscast also debuted.[64] In 2002, KVEA notched its first win at 11 p.m. since November 1993.[64] Eduardo Quezada, who had worked for KMEX for 28 years and had previously been described as a Los Angeles institution at channel 34,[65] resigned from his position at that station and joined KVEA in 2003, citing the attention NBC was giving the news department and its then-airing of six hours a day of local news, doubling KMEX's output.[66] By 2007, Quezada had resigned to become the vice president of news and public relations for Una Vez Más Holdings.[67]

In 2007, Los Angeles mayor Antonio Villaraigosa admitted that he had an extramarital affair with Mirthala Salinas, a KVEA reporter who at one time covered the political beat.[68] The station suspended her for two months without pay for failing to disclose the conflict for interest and reassigned her to KVEA's bureau in Riverside.[69] She failed to report to work there and left the company.[70]

Cuts led to the removal of the morning newscast before it was reinstated in 2011 alongside the launch of a new weekly public affairs program.[71] Beginning in 2014, a series of local news expansions at Telemundo have added hours of news to KVEA's output. A 5:30 p.m. show debuted at KVEA and 13 other Telemundo stations in 2014.[72] In 2016, a 5 p.m. half-hour was introduced.[73]

Notable on-air staff

A gray lattice tower, set against a blue sky. A small pink cylindrical antenna and a larger red cylindrical antenna top the structure.
The KVEA (second from top) and KNBC (top) antennas share the same tower on Mount Wilson

Technical information

Subchannels

The station's signal is multiplexed:

Subchannels of KVEA[78]
Channel Res. Aspect Short name Programming
52.1 1080i 16:9 KVEA-HD Telemundo
52.2 480i TelXtos TeleXitos
52.3 4:3 Nosey Nosey

Analog-to-digital conversion

KVEA shut down its analog signal, over UHF channel 52, on June 12, 2009, as part of the federally mandated transition from analog to digital television; the digital signal remained on its pre-transition UHF channel 39, using virtual channel 52.[79]

Translator

KVEA is rebroadcast on the following translator station:[80]

References

  1. ^ Arar, Yardena (November 23, 1985). "New TV station says buenos días to L.A.". Los Angeles Daily News. p. 17.
  2. ^ "Facility Technical Data for KVEA". Licensing and Management System. Federal Communications Commission.
  3. ^ a b c d e f FCC History Cards for KVEA
  4. ^ a b "UHF Channel 52 to Debut Today". Los Angeles Times. June 29, 1966. p. IV:19. Archived from the original on July 12, 2021. Retrieved July 11, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
  5. ^ a b Dutton, Walt (July 8, 1966). "UHF Stations Grow: L.A. TV Market Super Sales Area". Los Angeles Times. p. IV:14. Archived from the original on July 12, 2021. Retrieved July 11, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
  6. ^ "Kaiser signs for Phonevision in L.A." (PDF). Broadcasting. February 21, 1966. p. 79. ProQuest 1014490055. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 8, 2021. Retrieved July 10, 2021.
  7. ^ "Channel Call Letters Changes". Los Angeles Times. February 24, 1968. p. III:3. Archived from the original on July 12, 2021. Retrieved July 11, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
  8. ^ "A Kaiser partnership asked for FCC approval to transfer TV licenses". Los Angeles Times. p. III:9. Archived from the original on July 12, 2021. Retrieved July 10, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
  9. ^ Foster, Bob (October 31, 1972). "Screenings". The Times. p. 23. Archived from the original on July 12, 2021. Retrieved July 11, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
  10. ^ "Ownership changes" (PDF). Broadcasting. March 26, 1973. p. 129. ProQuest 1016881184. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 8, 2021. Retrieved July 10, 2021.
  11. ^ "Pay is off" (PDF). Broadcasting. February 17, 1975. p. 10. ProQuest 1014672179. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 8, 2021. Retrieved July 10, 2021.
  12. ^ "Changing Hands" (PDF). Broadcasting. September 20, 1976. p. 43. ProQuest 1016887944. Archived (PDF) from the original on November 1, 2020. Retrieved October 25, 2020 – via World Radio History.
  13. ^ Margulies, Lee (March 29, 1977). "Just the Ticket for Pay TV". Los Angeles Times. p. View 1, 7. Archived from the original on October 31, 2020. Retrieved October 25, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  14. ^ "Oak Industries gets into LA TV market". Crystal Lake Herald. April 11, 1977. p. 3. Archived from the original on October 31, 2020. Retrieved October 25, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  15. ^ "FCC letting STV out of the closet" (PDF). Broadcasting. October 1, 1979. pp. 23–24. ProQuest 1014699254. Archived (PDF) from the original on November 1, 2020. Retrieved October 26, 2020 – via World Radio History.
  16. ^ "Asian Programming Moving to KSCI". Los Angeles Times. July 12, 1977. p. IV:12. Archived from the original on July 12, 2021. Retrieved July 11, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
  17. ^ "Channel 52 to Begin On-air Equipment Test". Los Angeles Times. March 12, 1977. p. 3. Archived from the original on July 12, 2021. Retrieved October 27, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  18. ^ Bry, Barbara (April 29, 1979). "Oak Industries Deeply Rooted in Pay TV". Los Angeles Times. p. 3. Archived from the original on July 12, 2021. Retrieved October 27, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  19. ^ Manna, Sal (September 18, 1979). "Tuning in". Los Angeles Times. p. 4. Archived from the original on July 12, 2021. Retrieved October 27, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  20. ^ "Pay-TV Firm Will Move To Rancho Bernardo Site". Los Angeles Times. January 28, 1979. p. 28. Archived from the original on October 28, 2020. Retrieved October 25, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  21. ^ "KBSC-TV to Begin Spanish Format". Los Angeles Times. July 23, 1980. p. 8. Archived from the original on July 12, 2021. Retrieved October 27, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  22. ^ de Uriarte, Mercedes (December 14, 1980). "Media Battle for the Ear of the Latino". Los Angeles Times. pp. Calendar 1, 4, 5, 6, 7. Archived from the original on July 12, 2021. Retrieved July 10, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
  23. ^ Harris, Kathryn (March 21, 1981). "2 Partners Go to Court Over ON-TV Dispute". Los Angeles Times. pp. 15, 18. Archived from the original on October 28, 2020. Retrieved October 25, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  24. ^ Crook, David; Harris, Kathryn (December 13, 1981). "Jerry Perenchio: Hollywood's Consummate Deal Maker". Los Angeles Times. pp. 3, 15. Archived from the original on March 13, 2021. Retrieved October 25, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  25. ^ "Oak Industries said it will buy the remainder of ON-TV". Los Angeles Times. September 9, 1981. p. 2. Archived from the original on March 13, 2021. Retrieved October 25, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  26. ^ Anderson, Claude (May 4, 1982). "Holmes vs. Cooney gets few takers". San Bernardino County Sun. p. B-5. Archived from the original on July 12, 2021. Retrieved October 25, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  27. ^ Ramirez, Anthony (July 9, 1982). "Oak Industries Poises for a Boom". Los Angeles Times. pp. 1, 5. Archived from the original on July 12, 2021. Retrieved October 25, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  28. ^ Crook, David; Margulies, Lee (August 27, 1982). "ON TV Plans 24-Hour-a-Day Programming". Los Angeles Times. p. 2. Archived from the original on July 13, 2021. Retrieved October 27, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  29. ^ Ritter, Bill (March 20, 1984). "Oak Industries Under Investigation by the SEC". Los Angeles Times. pp. A, B. Archived from the original on October 29, 2020. Retrieved October 20, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  30. ^ a b Ritter, Bill (March 24, 1984). "Auditors Qualify Opinion: Oak Industries Posts $166-Million '83 Loss". Los Angeles Times. pp. 1, 2. Archived from the original on October 29, 2020. Retrieved October 25, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  31. ^ Mitchell, Cyndi (July 31, 1984). "Oak Industries to Sell TV Station in Florida". Los Angeles Times. p. A. Archived from the original on January 18, 2021. Retrieved October 25, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  32. ^ Farley, Ellen (August 15, 1984). "ON-TV Discussing Sale of Its L.A. System to SelecTV". Los Angeles Times. pp. 1, 10. Archived from the original on March 13, 2021. Retrieved October 12, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  33. ^ Sahagun, Louis (October 5, 1984). "Talks to Sell ON-TV's L.A. Unit to SelecTV Canceled". Los Angeles Times. pp. 1, 2. Archived from the original on March 13, 2021. Retrieved October 12, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  34. ^ Farley, Ellen (February 5, 1985). "Oak Industries Sells Its ON-TV Service to SelecTV". The Los Angeles Times. pp. 1, 3. Archived from the original on March 13, 2021. Retrieved October 12, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  35. ^ Muir, Frederick M. (February 7, 1985). "Oak Plans to Sell KBSC to Investors for $30 Million". Los Angeles Times. p. 2. Archived from the original on March 13, 2021. Retrieved October 25, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  36. ^ a b c Margulies, Lee (November 22, 1985). "Channel 52 Getting a Spanish Accent". Los Angeles Times. p. 28. Archived from the original on July 12, 2021. Retrieved October 25, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  37. ^ "Triumverate [sic]" (PDF). Broadcasting. January 9, 1984. p. 18. ProQuest 1014705818. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 8, 2021. Retrieved July 10, 2021.
  38. ^ Sandomir, Richard (October 20, 1986). "Big Businesses Tuning in to Hispanic TV Stations". Newsday. p. III:5. Archived from the original on July 12, 2021. Retrieved July 10, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
  39. ^ Richter, Paul (June 4, 1986). "Blair Agrees to Merge With a Steinberg Unit". Los Angeles Times. p. IV:2. Archived from the original on July 12, 2021. Retrieved July 10, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
  40. ^ "Firm buys Hispanic TV station". Asbury Park Press. Associated Press. October 30, 1986. p. B22. Archived from the original on July 12, 2021. Retrieved July 11, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
  41. ^ "Telemundo TV Network to Air Nationally Tonight". The Wall Street Journal. January 12, 1987. ProQuest 398013667.
  42. ^ a b c d Valle, Victor (February 25, 1987). "KVEA gains in Spanish-speaking market: A strong choice for Latino viewers". Los Angeles Times. p. V:10. Archived from the original on July 12, 2021. Retrieved July 11, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
  43. ^ Flores, Laura (April 18, 1989). "KVEA stakes its claim: Glendale Hispanic TV station thriving". Los Angeles Daily News. p. WG1.
  44. ^ Gutiérrez, Félix (June 1, 1986). "Spanish Media in L.A. on Upswing". Los Angeles Times. Associated Press. pp. 3, 22. Archived from the original on July 12, 2021. Retrieved July 11, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
  45. ^ Wilson, John M. (December 7, 1986). "Wheels de fortuna". The Los Angeles Times. p. Calendar 22. Archived from the original on July 12, 2021. Retrieved July 11, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
  46. ^ Valle, Victor (February 4, 1989). "Cruz Resignation Baffles Some at KVEA-TV". Los Angeles Times. p. V:13. Archived from the original on July 12, 2021. Retrieved July 11, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
  47. ^ Valle, Victor (June 2, 1989). "KVEA Shakeup Stirs Talk at Latino Stations". Los Angeles Times. p. VI:12. Archived from the original on July 12, 2021. Retrieved July 11, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
  48. ^ Paik, Felicia (September 8, 1989). "Latino Group Urges Channel 52 Ad Ban". Los Angeles Times. p. VI:16. Archived from the original on July 12, 2021. Retrieved July 11, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
  49. ^ O'Donnell, Santiago (September 21, 1989). "Picketers Force Way into Station: Protest Boils Over at KVEA-TV". Los Angeles Times. p. G9. Archived from the original on July 12, 2021. Retrieved July 11, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
  50. ^ a b Infante, Victoria (August 11, 1997). "Cambios, entre descontentos, llegan a KVEA: La controversia en torno a la sindicalizacion aumenta en el canal 52, mientras Telemundo hace un esfuerzo por aumentar su audiencia" [Change among the discontented comes to KVEA: The unionization controversy grows at Channel 52 while Telemundo makes an effort to grow its audience]. La Opinión (in Spanish). p. 1D. ProQuest 368329639.
  51. ^ Scheeres, Julia (November 4, 1997). "KVEA-TV Recognizes Employees' Union". Los Angeles Times. p. D15C. Archived from the original on July 12, 2021. Retrieved July 11, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
  52. ^ a b Calvo, Dana (December 23, 2000). "KVEA Plans to Bulk Up Newscasts". Los Angeles Times. p. D21. Archived from the original on July 12, 2021. Retrieved July 11, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
  53. ^ Romney, Lee (February 13, 2001). "Telemundo to Buy L.A.'s KWHY-TV for $239 Million". Los Angeles Times. pp. C1, C4. Archived from the original on July 12, 2021. Retrieved March 12, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  54. ^ Lahti, Richard (February 2002). "KVEA-TV/KWHY-TV updated news operations" (PDF). Broadcast Engineering. pp. 48–52. ProQuest 35229075. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 9, 2021. Retrieved July 11, 2021.
  55. ^ "NBC completes Telemundo buy". Multichannel News. April 15, 2002.
  56. ^ Braxton, Greg (March 1, 2003). "The language of synergy". Los Angeles Times. p. E32. Archived from the original on July 12, 2021. Retrieved July 11, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
  57. ^ Albiniak, Paige (April 21, 2003). "NBC Shuffles L.A. Operations". Broadcasting & Cable. p. 10.
  58. ^ "F.C.C. Votes to Relax Rules Limiting Media Ownership". The New York Times. Associated Press. June 2, 2003. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on May 5, 2021. Retrieved July 12, 2021.
  59. ^ Eggerton, John (January 26, 2011). "NBC Has Deal To Sell KWHY In L.A." Broadcasting & Cable. Archived from the original on July 19, 2020. Retrieved July 11, 2021.
  60. ^ James, Meg; Gold, Matea (October 11, 2007). "NBC socks it to Burbank". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on October 7, 2020. Retrieved July 11, 2021.
  61. ^ James, Meg (February 7, 2014). "KNBC Channel 4 leaves Burbank; moves to new L.A. broadcast center". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on October 29, 2020. Retrieved July 11, 2021.
  62. ^ Robb, David (January 21, 2023). "Anchors & Reporters At L.A.'s KVEA/Telemundo 52 Vote To Unionize With SAG-AFTRA". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved January 21, 2023.
  63. ^ Beck, Kirsten (June 1989). "L.A. Goes Hispanic" (PDF). Channels of Communication. pp. 22, 26. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 9, 2021. Retrieved July 11, 2021.
  64. ^ a b Morales, José (June 14, 2002). "La 'otra' competencia". La Opinión. p. 1D. ProQuest 368399083 – via ProQuest.
  65. ^ Calvo, Dana (December 4, 2000). "An Anchor at KMEX". Los Angeles Times. pp. F1, F11. Retrieved July 24, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
  66. ^ Inclán, Ramón (May 7, 2003). "Eduardo Quezada se va al Canal 52" [Eduardo Quezada goes to Channel 52]. La Opinión (in Spanish). p. 1B. ProQuest 368282867 – via ProQuest.
  67. ^ Brown Rodríguez, Alberto (September 20, 2007). "Azteca América estrena noticiero local" [Azteca América debuts local newscast]. Mundo Hispánico (in Spanish). p. A31. ProQuest 368158874 – via ProQuest.
  68. ^ Helfand, Duke; Hymon, Steve (July 4, 2007). "Mayor reveals romantic link with TV newscaster". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on April 10, 2021. Retrieved July 11, 2021.
  69. ^ Helfand, Duke; James, Meg (September 25, 2007). "Network reassigns mayor's girlfriend". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on October 21, 2020. Retrieved July 11, 2021.
  70. ^ Helfand, Duke; James, Meg (October 2, 2007). "Salinas' tenure with Telemundo is over". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on March 14, 2021. Retrieved July 11, 2021.
  71. ^ Szalai, Georg (August 8, 2011). "Telemundo Stations to Expand Local News Programming by 25%". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on July 12, 2021. Retrieved July 11, 2021.
  72. ^ Villafañe, Veronica (September 18, 2014). "Telemundo adds new 30 min newscast at 14 local stations". Media Moves. Archived from the original on November 30, 2020. Retrieved July 11, 2021.
  73. ^ "KVEA Names Anchors For 5 p.m. Weekday News". TVNewsCheck. August 9, 2016. Archived from the original on July 12, 2021. Retrieved July 12, 2021.
  74. ^ Villafañe, Veronica (April 8, 2021). "Telemundo 52 changes its weekday news anchor lineup". Media Moves. Archived from the original on April 9, 2021. Retrieved July 13, 2021.
  75. ^ Mendoza, Alexandra (October 9, 2019). "La voz en español del Super Bowl en Estados Unidos creció en la región de San Diego y Tijuana" [The Spanish-language US voice of the Super Bowl grew up in the San Diego/Tijuana region]. The San Diego Union-Tribune en Español (in Spanish). Archived from the original on October 9, 2019. Retrieved July 12, 2021.
  76. ^ Rangel, Ivett (August 15, 2001). "La salida de Peimbert no afecta a MVS" [Peimbert's exit doesn't affect MVS]. Reforma. p. 7.
  77. ^ Villafañe, Veronica (October 8, 2015). "TV veteran Enrique Gratas dies after illness". Media Moves. Archived from the original on October 31, 2020. Retrieved July 11, 2021.
  78. ^ "TV Query for KVEA". RabbitEars. Archived from the original on October 12, 2013. Retrieved October 11, 2013.
  79. ^ "List of Digital Full-Power Stations" (PDF). Federal Communications Commission. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 29, 2013.
  80. ^ "List of TV Translator Input Channels". Federal Communications Commission. July 23, 2021. Archived from the original on December 9, 2021. Retrieved December 17, 2021.

Read other articles:

Sampanahan

Peta Zuid en Ooster Afdeeling van Borneo, Lansdchap Sampanahan berbatasan di utara dengan Lansdchap Cengal-Manunggul dan di selatan dengan Landschap Bangkalaan Daerah Kepangeranan Sampanahan (sebelum 1841)[1][2][3]) atau Kerajaan Kepangeranan Sampanahan (1841-1845),[4] setelah bergabung dengan Hindia Belanda sejak 10 April 1845 disebut Landschap Sampanahan[5] adalah suatu wilayah pemerintahan swapraja di bawah Hindia Belanda sejak tahun 1841 yang dikepa...

 

 

Michele Pirro

Michele PirroPirro di Grand Prix Australia 2012Informasi pribadiKewarganegaraanItaliaLahir5 Juli 1986 (umur 37)San Giovanni Rotondo, Italia OlahragaKlubFiamme Oro[1] Tim saat iniPramac RacingNo. motor51 Catatan statistik Karier Kejuaraan Dunia MotoGP Tahun aktif2012– PabrikanFTR, Ducati Juara dunia0Klasemen 201922nd (9 pts) Start Menang Podium Pole F. lap Poin 57 0 0 0 0 217 Karier Kejuaraan Dunia Moto2Tahun aktif2010–2011 PabrikanMoriwaki Juara dunia0 Klasemen 20119th (84 pt...

 

 

Roti lapis Kuba

Roti lapis KubaNama lainCuban sandwich, Cuban mix, Cuban pressed sandwich, Cubano, mixtoJenisRoti lapisTempat asalKuba / FloridaBahan utamaRoti Kuba, ham, babi panggang, keju Swiss, acar mentimun, mustard, dan terkadang salamiVariasiTampa (dengan salami) Florida Selatan (tanpa salami)Sunting kotak info • L • BBantuan penggunaan templat ini  Media: Roti lapis Kuba Roti lapis Kuba (bahasa Inggris: Cuban sandwich) adalah variasi dari roti lapis ham dan keju yang berasal da...

Myocarditis

Inflammation of the heart muscle Medical conditionMyocarditisOther namesInflammatory cardiomyopathy (infectious)A microscope image of myocarditis at autopsy in a person with acute onset of heart failureSpecialtyInfectious disease, cardiologySymptomsShortness of breath, chest pain, decreased ability to exercise, irregular heartbeat[1]ComplicationsHeart failure due to dilated cardiomyopathy, cardiac arrest[1]DurationHours to months[1]CausesUsually viral infection, also b...

 

 

Operazione Frühlingserwachen

Questa voce o sezione sugli argomenti battaglie e seconda guerra mondiale non cita le fonti necessarie o quelle presenti sono insufficienti. Commento: bibliografia scarsa e che fa ancora uso di Biagi (un semplice giornalista); note in numero insufficiente: voce non affidabile. Puoi migliorare questa voce aggiungendo citazioni da fonti attendibili secondo le linee guida sull'uso delle fonti. Segui i suggerimenti dei progetti di riferimento 1, 2. Operazione Frühlingserwachenparte del fro...

 

 

Navy Midshipmen men's lacrosse

NCAA Division I men's lacrosse team Navy Midshipmen men's lacrosseFounded1908UniversityUnited States Naval AcademyHead coachJoe Amplo (since 2020 season)StadiumNavy–Marine Corps Memorial Stadium(capacity: 34,000)LocationAnnapolis, MarylandConferencePatriot LeagueNicknameMidshipmenColorsNavy blue and gold[1]   Pre-NCAA era championships(17) - 1928, 1929, 1938, 1943, 1945, 1946, 1949, 1954, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1966, 1967, 1970NCAA Tourname...

The Miracle Maker (1999 film)

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: The Miracle Maker 1999 film – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (December 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) 1999 British filmThe Miracle MakerDVD coverWelshGŵr y Gwyrthiau Directed byDerek W. HayesStanislav SokolovWritte...

 

 

B

  此條目介紹的是拉丁字母中的第2个字母。关于其他用法，请见「B (消歧义)」。   提示：此条目页的主题不是希腊字母Β、西里尔字母В、Б、Ъ、Ь或德语字母ẞ、ß。 BB b(见下)用法書寫系統拉丁字母英文字母ISO基本拉丁字母（英语：ISO basic Latin alphabet）类型全音素文字相关所属語言拉丁语读音方法 [b][p][ɓ](适应变体)Unicode编码U+0042, U+0062字母顺位2数值 2歷史發...

 

 

岸信介

岸信介佐藤信介 日本第56、57任內閣總理大臣任期1957年2月25日—1960年7月19日君主昭和天皇副首相石井光次郎益谷秀次前任石橋湛山继任池田勇人 日本內閣總理大臣（臨時代理）任期1957年1月31日—1957年2月25日总理石橋湛山前任石橋湛山继任岸信介 日本防衛廳長官（臨時代理）任期1957年1月31日—1957年2月2日总理岸信介（代，兼）前任石橋湛山（代）继任小瀧彬（�...

法迪拉·尤索夫

这是马来族人名，“尤索夫”是父名，不是姓氏，提及此人时应以其自身的名“法迪拉”为主。 尊敬的拿督斯里哈芝法迪拉·尤索夫Fadillah bin Haji YusofSSAP DGSM PGBK 国会议员 副首相 第14任马来西亚副首相现任就任日期2022年12月3日与阿末扎希同时在任君主最高元首苏丹阿都拉陛下最高元首苏丹依布拉欣·依斯迈陛下首相安华·依布拉欣前任依斯迈沙比里 马来西亚能源转型与�...

 

 

List of taxes

Part of a series onTaxation An aspect of fiscal policy Policies Government revenue Property tax equalization Tax revenue Non-tax revenue Tax law Tax bracket Flat tax Tax threshold Exemption Credit Deduction Tax shift Tax cut Tax holiday Tax amnesty Tax advantage Tax incentive Tax reform Tax harmonization Tax competition Tax withholding Double taxation Representation Unions Medical savings account Economics General Theory Price effect Excess burden Tax incidence Laffer curve Optimal tax Theor...

 

 

Boku no Taiyō

Untuk pertunjukan teater AKB48/JKT48, lihat Himawarigumi 1st Stage Boku no Taiyou. Boku no TaiyōSingel oleh AKB48dari album Set List: Greatest Songs 2006–2007Sisi-BMirai no KajitsuDirilis8 Agustus 2007 (2007-08-08)FormatCD SingelGenrePopDurasi19:37LabelDefSTAR RecordsPenciptaYasushi Akimoto, Yoshimasa Inoue, Mio OkadaProduserYasushi Akimoto Boku no Taiyō (僕の太陽code: ja is deprecated , Matahari Milikku) adalah singel ke-5 dari grup idola Jepang AKB48. Singel ini dirilis melalui...

Cassiar Country

Place in British Columbia, CanadaLaketon Cassiar CountryLaketonLocation of Laketon in the Cassiar Country in British ColumbiaCoordinates: 58°42′00″N 130°06′00″W / 58.70000°N 130.10000°W / 58.70000; -130.10000Country CanadaProvince British ColumbiaArea code(s)250, 778 The Cassiar Country, also referred to simply as the Cassiar, is a historical geographic region of the Canadian province of British Columbia. The Cassiar is located in the northwest po...

 

 

Augustan literature

Style of British literature Not to be confused with State of Augestan. For the period of Latin literature for which the English design is named, see Augustan literature (ancient Rome). This article possibly contains original research. Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed. (March 2012) (Learn how and when to remove this message) The Distrest Poet, William Hogarth's portrait of a Grub Street...

 

 

Oireachtas na Gaeilge

Not to be confused with Oireachtas. This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (August 2012) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Oireachtas na Gaeilge. Darach Ó Scolaí at 'Oireachtas na Gaeilge 2015', with the book 'Oileán an Órchiste' his translation and adaptation of the famous book 'Treasure Island' by Robert Louis Stevenson Oireachtas na G...

Патриотическая песня

Эту страницу предлагается переименовать в «Патриотическая песня (Глинка)».Пояснение причин и обсуждение — на странице Википедия:К переименованию/21 декабря 2022. Пожалуйста, основывайте свои аргументы на правилах именования статей. Не удаляйте шаблон до подведения ито�...

 

 

我爸爸的小飞龙

我爸爸的小飞龙My Father's Dragon官方海报基本资料导演诺拉·托梅（英语：Nora Twomey）监制 邦妮·柯蒂斯（英语：Bonnie Curtis） 朱莉·林恩（Julie Lynn） 保罗·扬（英语：Paul Young (producer)） 编剧梅格·蕾法芙故事梅格·雷法芙约翰·摩根（John Morgan）原著我爸爸的小飞龙（英语：My Father's Dragon）鲁思·斯泰尔斯·甘尼特（英语：Ruth Stiles Gannett）作品主演雅各·特倫布雷伽塔·马塔拉佐�...

 

 

Binbashi

Turkish army rank Binbaşı shoulder mark of modern-day Turkish Armed Forces Military ranks of the Ottoman Empire Officers Müşir Birindji ferik (Serdar) Ferik Mirliva Miralay Kaymakam Binbaşı Kol Aghassi Non-commissioned officers Çavuş vte Historical military ranks of Egypt Officers Mushir Sirdar, Fariq awwal Fariq Liwa Amiralay Qaimaqam Bimbashi, Muqaddam Sagh Others Askari vte A binbashi, alternatively bimbashi, (from Turkish: Binbaşı, chief of a thousand, chiliarch) is a major in t...

Putuo Zongcheng Temple

Buddhist temple complex in Chengde, China Putuo Zongcheng TempleThe Putuo Zongcheng Temple of Chengde, built in the 18th century during the reign of the Qianlong Emperor.ReligionAffiliationBuddhistProvinceHebeiRegionChinaStatusPreservedLocationMunicipalityChengdeArchitectureStyleTibetan and ChineseCompleted1771 Putuo Zongcheng TempleChinese nameSimplified Chinese普陀宗乘之庙Traditional Chinese普陀宗乘之廟TranscriptionsStandard MandarinHanyu PinyinPǔtuó Zōngchéng zhī...

 

 

Franz Joseph I of Austria

Habsburg Emperor from 1848 to 1916 Franz Joseph redirects here. For other uses, see Franz Joseph (disambiguation). Franz Joseph IFranz Joseph in the uniform of a Hungarian field marshal, c. 1892Emperor of Austria King of Hungary (more…) Reign2 December 1848 – 21 November 1916Coronation8 June 1867 Matthias Church (as King of Hungary)PredecessorFerdinand I & VSuccessorCharles I, III & IVKing of Lombardy-VenetiaReign2 December 1848 – 12 October 1866PredecessorFerdin...