Owusu-Koramoah spent his freshman season on Notre Dame's scout team and did not appear in any games.[4][5] He missed most of his sophomore year after breaking his foot in practice after playing in the first two games of the season.[6][7] Owusu-Koramoah was named a starter going into his junior season and recorded 80 tackles, a team-leading 13.5 tackles for loss, and 5.5 sacks with four passes broken up, two forced fumbles, and two fumble recoveries.[8] He won the Butkus Award as the nation's top linebacker as a senior in 2020, in addition to being named a unanimous All-American and the ACC Defensive Player of the Year.[9][10]
Owusu-Koramoah was selected by the Cleveland Browns in the second round (52nd overall) of the 2021 NFL draft.[13] He signed his four-year rookie contract, worth $6.5 million, on June 6, 2021.[14] He was placed on the team's COVID-19 reserve list at the start of training camp before being activated on August 3.[15][16] Koramoah recorded his first career sack on Chicago Bears quarterback Justin Fields in Week 3 of the 2021 season. He was placed on injured reserve on October 19, 2021, with an ankle injury.[17] He was activated on November 13. He was placed back on injured reserve on December 13 after suffering a foot injury in Week 14.[18] He was named to the PFWA All-Rookie Team.[19]
On August 14, 2024, Owusu-Koramoah and the Browns agreed to a three–year, $39 million contract extension.[20]
Jeremiah Owusu-Koramoah is of Ghanaian descent. In 2022, he was running a football camp in Ghana for the youth.[21] His older brother, Joshua Emmanuel Owusu-Koramoah, was found dead inside a burned house on April 5, 2022. Two days later, police in Hampton, Virginia said that Ronald Ivan Scott has been charged with one count of murder and one count of arson.[22] On January 25, 2024 he converted to Islam.[23]