Jayalath Manoratne

Jayalath Manoratne
ජයලත් මනෝරත්න
Born
Keselgaspe Manatunga Jayalath Manoratne

(1948-06-12)12 June 1948
Nuwara Eliya, Sri Lanka
Died12 January 2020(2020-01-12) (aged 71)
Maharagama, Sri Lanka
NationalitySri Lankan
EducationPoramadulla Central College
Alma materUniversity of Peradeniya
University of Sri Jayewardenepura
Occupation(s)Dramatist, Actor, Singer
Years active1970–2019
SpouseTamara Jayanthi (m. 1979)
Children2
Parents
  • Manatunga Perera (father)
  • Leela Kumari (mother)
AwardsBest Actor
Best Supporting Actor
Best Comedy Actor
Websitehttp://jayalathmanorathna.org/

Keselgaspe Manatunga Jayalath Manoratne (Sinhala: කෙසෙල්ගස්පේ මනතුංග ජයලත් මනෝරත්න; 12 June 1948 – 12 January 2020) was an actor in Sri Lankan cinema, stage drama and television.[1] He was a lecturer by profession as well as a director and producer. A highly versatile actor from drama to comedy, Manoratne won awards at OCIC (International Catholic Organization for Cinema and Audiovisual), Presidential, Sarasaviya, Raigam Tele'es, Sumathi and the State Literary and Drama festivals. He was the best actor back to back in 1991 and 1992 for his performance in Socrates and Dvitva.[2] He is considered by critics as one of the five actors who have dominated the Sri Lankan Stage.[3]

He died on 12 January 2020 while receiving treatment for cancer at the age of 71.[4]

Personal life

Manoratne was born on 12 June 1948 in Dehipe, Nuwara Eliya as the youngest son in the family of six children. His father Keselgaspe Manatunga Perera was a lorry driver and his mother Agalakotuwa Herath Mudiyanselage Leela Kumari was a housewife. He undertook his education at the Dehipe Primary School and Poramadulla Central College. Jayalath has three brothers, Manatunga Seneviratne, Manatunga Wijeratne and Manatunga Ariyaratne and two sisters, Indra Kumari and Mallika Kumari.[5]

At an early age, his music teacher, Sunil Sriyananda, recognised his abilities and encouraged him to take up acting and singing.[6] During his school times, he engaged in several educational as well as extracurricular activities such as Secretary of the Sinhala Literary Association (1965), President of the Theater Council (1966), President of the Sinhala Association (1967–68) and Committee member of the Drama Board and Gandharva congregation (1969). Manoratne was the Student Leader at Boys' Hostel in 1965–66. In 1966, he became the Senior Most Valuable Player in College Inter-Athletic Championship.[5]

After completing his secondary education with Geography, Sinhala and Buddhist Civilization for G.C.E A/L, he attended the University of Peradeniya, where he continued to study drama under the guidance of Professor Ediriweera Sarachchandra. Manoratne completed his master's degree from the University of Sri Jayewardenepura, also obtaining a PhD. He was the only postgraduate to obtain a First Class Degree in 1995. In 2013, he accepted an honorary Doctorate (D. Litt) from the University of Peradeniya.[6] In 1981, he completed an external diploma in Rural Development from the University of Colombo.[5]

He was married to Tamara Jayanthi since 1979 to his death. The couple has one daughter, Uthpala Indeewari and one son, Bhanuka Prabuddha.[7] Uthpala is married to Shivanka Perera and Bhanuka is married to Hiranya Dulashini Gamaariya.[5]

Stage drama career

In 1966 Manoratne started acting when he was a school student, making his acting debut in the stage drama Aspha Gudung, which was selected for the finals of the annual provincial inter-school drama competition and won the Certificate of Excellence in Performance at the All Island Inter-School Drama Competition.[6]

Originally playing minor roles in plays as Maname, Sinhabahu under Sarachchandra's guidance, Manoratne embarked on a mainstream acting career, beginning with the operatic play Premato Jayati Soko with the role "Uddala Bamuna". Whilst performing in this play he met his future wife, Tamara Jayanthi. Manoratne went to Nuwara Eliya Kachcheri to get a job and at that time, he produced remakes of Sarachchandra's plays Raththaran and Elowa Gihin Melowa Awa. He has acted under all the five major stage drama directors in Sri Lankan history - Sarachchandra, Sugathapala de Silva, Dayananda Gunawardena, Gunasena Galappatty and Henry Jayasena.[8]

In 1980, he produced his maiden theater play Mahagiri Damba. His only translation drama play came through Puthra Samagama produced in 1985. It is the adaptation of Russian play The Elder Son by Alexander Vampilov. In 1988, he produced the popular play Thalamala Pipila and then Andarela in 1993. The play Andarela also brings Manoratne's first documentary role. In 1996 he produced Guru Tharuwa and then Sanda Gira in 1998. He continuously produced plays of many genres in following years including Kaneru Mal (2000), Lokaya Thani Yayak (2005), Makara remake (2007), Sudu Redi Horu (2008), Buruwa Mahaththaya (2012), Sellam Nirindu (2013) and Handa Nihanda (2016). During the 26 consecutive years from 1980 to 2016, he made nearly 15 plays.[8][6]

From that time on Manoratne acted in over 80 plays,[9] and directed eleven plays of his own.[6] His play Andarela won the State Literary Award in 1995 and then Guru Tharuwa won State Literary Award in 1996.[5]

In 2014, Manoratne performed in a theater festival named Dawas Pahalos Daha (fifteen thousand days), which showcased a collection of eight plays representing different periods and issues and produced by Manoratne himself. These eight stage plays were Lokaya Thani Yayak, Sellam Nirindu, Thalamala Pipila, Buruwa Mahaththaya, Guru Tharuwa, Andarela and Puthra Samagama.[10]

Notable stage dramas

  • Ahas Maliga
  • Andarela[11]
  • Andirale Nadagama
  • Angara Ganga Gala Basi
  • Ape Panthi Kamaraya
  • Api Gewanne Na
  • Asaatha Manthare
  • Aspha Gudung
  • Buruwa Mahaththaya
  • Chitrage Prema Kathawa
  • Debiddo
  • Diwes Helanu Mena
  • Don Juan
  • Dunna Dunu Gamuve
  • Dvitva
  • Elowa Gihin Melowa Awa
  • Gajaman Puwatha[12]
  • Guru Tharuwa
  • Handa Nihanda[13]
  • Hiru Nathi Lowa
  • Horu Samaga Heluwen[14]
  • Jasaya Saha Lenchina
  • Kaneru Mal
  • Lokaya Thani Yayak
  • Lucinde
  • Maala Walalu
  • Maa Wani Bilinda
  • Madhura Javanika
  • Madhura Pura
  • Magul Prastava
  • Maha Giri Damba
  • Mahe Hene Kathawa
  • Maha Hene Riri Yaka
  • Mahasara
  • Makara
  • Maname
  • Mayadevi
  • Megha
  • Modara Mola
  • Naaga Gurula
  • Nari Bena
  • Nariya Saha Keju
  • Nelum Pokuna
  • Oththukaraya
  • Pematho Jayathi Soko
  • Perahera Enawo
  • Pokuru Wassa
  • Puthra Samagama
  • Raassa Saha Paraassa
  • Raththaran remake
  • Ratu Hattakari
  • Rhinoceros
  • Sahathika Nokala Maranayak
  • Sanda Gira
  • Sapiriwara Mathin
  • Satha Saha Satha
  • Sathuru Mithuru
  • Sellam Nirindu
  • Serade Seetha
  • Sihina Sappuwa
  • Sinhabahu
  • Siri Sangabo
  • Socrates[15]
  • Subhasadhaka
  • Subha Saha Yasa
  • Suddek Oba Amathai[16]
  • Sudu Redi Horu[17]
  • Tharavo Igilethi
  • Thawath Udesanak
  • Thala Mala Pipila
  • Ukdandu Ginna
  • Wasudeva
  • Wessanthara
  • Yathra

Television

Manoratne started his television career with the drama Aebeddiya of Parakrama Niriella. Then he showcased his ability through many serials such as Doo Daruwo, Sindui Bindui, Gamperaliya. His role as "Punsiri" in Doo Daruwo became highly popularized. He became popular in comedy roles in Bodima and then in Ramya Suramya. In 2005, Manoratne played triple roles for the first time in Sri Lankan teledrama history in a miniplay directed and scripted by himself, titled Thunpath Ratawaka Lassana.[18] In 2006, he directed the serial Mage Kaviya Mata Denna.[19]

Apart from acting, Manoratne also directed many television serials such as Sekku Gedara, Ransirige Sangramaya, Mage Kaviya Mata Denna, Thunpath Ratawaka Lassana, Eeye Ada Saha Heta and Thaththe Api Awa. He also directed single episode miniplays such as Bappage Paminima, Aege Awurudda, Raja Thun Kattuwa, Nidahasa, Seettuwa, Denna Demallo, Sathuru Mithuru, Duppathunda Adaraya Karathi, Santhapaya and Buddha Puthra.[5]

Selected television serials

  • Abeddiya
  • Arungal[20]
  • Bodima
  • Bumuthurunu
  • Deiyo Sakki
  • Deweni Yuddhaya[21]
  • Deweni Gamana [22]
  • Doo Daruwo
  • Doratu Rakinno[23]
  • Dumriya Andaraya[24]
  • Eeye Ada Saha Heta'
  • Gal Pilimaya Saha Bol Pilimaya
  • Gajaman Nona[25]
  • Gamperaliya
  • Ganga Saha Nissanka
  • Hath Pana
  • Hiru Sandu Hamuwe
  • Hiruta Muwawen
  • Irata Handana Mal 2
  • Jeewithaya Dakinna[26]
  • Kande Gedara
  • Madol Doowa
  • Mage Kaviya Mata Denna
  • Manik Nadiya Gala Basi
  • Man Nathida
  • Minissu[27]
  • Moragiri Kanda
  • Nomerena Minissu
  • Nopipena Mal
  • Passe Gena Manamali (1989)[28]
  • Pateelage Kathawa[29]
  • Pawara Menuwara[30]
  • Punchi Patau
  • Ramya Suramya[31]
  • Ranketi Doni
  • Roda Hatara Manamalaya[32]
  • Sabanda Eliyas
  • Sakisanda Eliyas
  • Samanali
  • Sanda Amawakai[33]
  • Sandara Vandana
  • Sasara Sanda
  • Saradiel
  • Sedona[34][35]
  • Senehasata Amanthranayak
  • Sindui Bindui
  • Sooriya Kusuma
  • Thunpath Ratawaka Lassana
  • Uthuwankande Sura Saradiyel[36]
  • Veeduru Mal[37]
  • Vinivindimi[38]
  • Visithunweni Horawa
  • Walakulu[39]
  • Wanabime Sirakaruwo[40]
  • Warna[41]
  • Wetath Niyarath
  • Weten Eha[42]

Radio Play

Author works

  • Dolos Mahe Pahana
  • Dawasa Thawamath Tharunai
  • Minihata Ninda Yanda Ati
  • Piyadasa saha Kumariya
  • Sindu Bindu
  • Sinhala Naatye Prasangika Kalathmaka Wardhanaya
  • Wahi Enathuru

Illness and death

Manoratne suffered from a brain cancer for sometime. On 13 November 2018, he was admitted to a private hospital, Colombo at 2.00 p.m and underwent a surgery for a brain tumor.[46] After the surgery he continued to work in dramas for a brief period, when the illness got worse. He continued to take medical treatment from Apeksha Cancer Hospital, Maharagama since mid 2019. On 12 January 2020, he died while receiving treatment at the hospital. Funeral took place on 15 January 2020 and cremated at Boralesgamuwa.[47]

Filmography

Manoratne started his cinema career with a minor role in Thilaka and Thilaka in 1979. Then he entered professional cinema acting through the 1979 film Handaya which was directed by Titus Thotawatte.[48] Since then, he has acted in more than 30 films across many genres of drama, romance, thriller and comedy. He was a recipient of Kalasuri[49] and Kala Keerthi due to his enormous contribution to the drama career. Some of his notable films include Sooriya Arana, Ho Gaana Pokuna, Bherunda Pakshiya and Walapatala, where he was awarded for best actor and best supporting actor in many ceremonies. His final film act came through Theja Iddamalgoda's debut film Ashavari.[50][51]

Key
† Denotes films that have not yet been released
Year Film Role Ref
1976 Thilake Ha Thilaka Thilake's supporter
1979 Handaya Race commentator
1980 Siribo Ayya Malhami
1981 Saranga
1982 Jeewithayen Jeewithayak
1983 Muhudu Lihini
1986 Prarthana
1986 Athuru Mithuru
1987 Mangala Thegga Srilal
1987 Hitha Honda Chandiya
1990 Hima Gira
1991 Sthree
1992 Sisila Gini Gani Medawatta
1992 Umayangana Henry
1993 Saptha Kanya Jagath [52]
1996 Thunweni Aehe
1999 Rathu Aluyama [53]
2002 Punchi Suranganavi English teacher
2003 Sudu Kaluwara Podi Nilame Appuhami
2004 Premawanthayo
2004 Sooriya Arana Chief Monk
2004 Gini Kirilli [54]
2005 Sudu Kalu Saha Alu Koragramaya
2005 Samanala Thatu Hospital keeper
2006 Bherunda Pakshiya
2006 Hiripoda Wassa Sithum's father [55]
2008 Siri Raja Siri Drama teacher
2008 Walapatala Victor Jayasundara
2009 Bindu Kolamba Haadaya
2010 Bambara Walalla Podi Eka's uncle
2012 Daruwane Vajirasena
2015 Pravegaya Saranapala, Hemal's father
2015 Ho Gaana Pokuna Bus driver Justin
2016 Zoom Scientist
2017 Dedunu Akase Vihangi's father
2017 A Level Uncle
2018 Vaishnavee Father
2018 Goal Mr. Samarasekara
2019 Thaala Principal, Mr.Hewanayake
2020 Miss Jenis Liyon aka 'Jenis' [56]
2022 Ashawari Station master, Ashawari's father [57]
2023 Vedi Nowadina Lamai [58]
2023 Deweni Yuddhaya [59]
2023 Kathuru Mithuru Samson 'Taylor' [60]
TBA Ice Cream † [61]
TBA Suvisi Vivarana † [62]

Awards and accolades

He has won several awards at the local stage drama festivals and television festivals, both for acting and direction.

  • State Literary Awards – for his two books Andarela and Guru Tharuwa[2]
  • Manoratne's script Thalamala Pipila is prescribed for G.C.E O/L syllabus.[2]

State Literary Awards

Year Nominee / work Award Result
1974 Rathu Hattakari Best Actor Won
1985 Puthra Samagama Best Actor Won
1988 Thalamala Pipila Best Actor Won
1988 Thalamala Pipila Best Director Won
1988 Thalamala Pipila Best Script Won
1990 Socrates Best Actor Won
1991 Dvitva Best Actor Won
1993 Andarela Best Script Won
1995 Andarela Best Play Won
1996 Guru Tharuwa Best Script Won
1996 Guru Tharuwa Best Play Won

Sarasaviya Awards

Year Nominee / work Award Result
1988 Mangala Thegga Best Supporting Actor Won
2004 Sudu Kaluwara Best Supporting Actor Won
2007 Berunda Pakshiya Best Supporting Actor Won
2015 Ho Gaana Pokuna Best Supporting Actor Won

Raigam Tele'es

Year Nominee / work Award Result
2009 Arungal Best Actor Won
2013 Service to the drama Prathibha Prabha Award[63] Won

Sumathi Awards

Year Nominee / work Award Result
2002 Sanda Amawakai Best Actor Won
2004 Ramya Suramya Best Script Won

Hiru Golden Film Award

Year Nominee / work Award Result
2016 Ho Gaana Pokuna Best Comedian[64] Won

Derana Film Awards

Year Nominee / work Award Result
2016 Ho Gaana Pokuna Best Supporting Actor[65] Won

SIGNIS Awards

Year Nominee / work Award Result
1988 Mangala Thegga Best Supporting Actor Won
2016 Ho Gaana Pokuna Best Supporting Actor Won

Presidential Film Awards

Year Nominee / work Award Result
2006 Bherunda Pakshiya Best Supporting Actor Won[66]
2017 Ho Gaana Pokuna Best Supporting Actor Won

References

  1. ^ "Immortal Manorathna's Infinite Mission". Sarasaviya. 13 January 2021. Retrieved 22 January 2021.
  2. ^ a b c "Jayalath Manoratne muses on larger-than-life theatre experience". srilankantheatre. 10 January 2010. Retrieved 3 April 2018.
  3. ^ "Five Actors who have dominated the Sri Lankan Stage". Munchee daily. Archived from the original on 31 January 2020. Retrieved 9 September 2016.
  4. ^ "Veteran Actor Jayalath Manorathna passes away". Hiru News. Retrieved 3 April 2019.
  5. ^ a b c d e f "Biography of Dr. Jayalath Manoratne". Sarasaviya. 15 January 2020. Retrieved 16 January 2020.
  6. ^ a b c d e "Back to Pera, where it all began". Sunday Times. Retrieved 3 April 2018.
  7. ^ "මනෝ-නිවී-යයි "Mano is gone". Sarasaviya. Retrieved 12 January 2020.
  8. ^ a b "The tragic fate of the traditional artist". Sarasaviya. 15 January 2020. Retrieved 16 January 2020.
  9. ^ "Dr. Jayalath Manoratne is fifteen thousand days strong". methinksatnation. 16 March 2014. Retrieved 3 April 2018.
  10. ^ "Mano's 15,000 days in theatre". Sunday Times. Retrieved 3 April 2018.
  11. ^ "'Andarela' celebrates silver jubilee". Sunday Times. Retrieved 2 October 2018.
  12. ^ "Gajaman Nona comes back to stage again". Sunday Times. Retrieved 8 December 2019.
  13. ^ "Lives of artistes on stage: 'Handa Nihanda' on July 7". Daily News. Retrieved 3 April 2018.
  14. ^ "Prasanna returns to theatre". Sunday Times. Retrieved 18 August 2019.
  15. ^ "Socrates: Could have been better". Daily Mirror. Retrieved 3 April 2018.
  16. ^ "'Suddek' at Borella". Sunday Times. Retrieved 6 September 2018.
  17. ^ ""Sudu Redi Horu" - showcases Lanka's rich cultural heritage". The Nation. Archived from the original on 22 June 2019. Retrieved 15 July 2019.
  18. ^ "'Thunpath Ratawaka Lassana': Mano in triple role". Sunday Times. Retrieved 4 December 2019.
  19. ^ "'Mage Kaviya Mata Denna' : Mano's filmic dream". Sunday Times. Retrieved 18 August 2019.
  20. ^ "Treat yourself to Arungal". Daily News. Retrieved 30 July 2019.
  21. ^ "Deweni Yuddhaya on location". Sarasaviya. Archived from the original on 21 September 2018. Retrieved 23 July 2018.
  22. ^ ""Deweni Gamana" of Mangala Thegga". Sarasaviya. Retrieved 25 July 2020.
  23. ^ "'Doratu Rakinno' opens for public". Sunday Times. Retrieved 22 December 2019.
  24. ^ "'Railway Stories': for a novel journey in teledrama". Sunday Times. Retrieved 13 December 2019.
  25. ^ "The story of Gajaman Nona". Sunday times. Retrieved 17 November 2017.
  26. ^ "'Jeewithaya Dakinna' : One Episode miniplays on Rupavahini". Sunday Times. Retrieved 18 August 2019.
  27. ^ "Minissu' on Rupavahini". Sunday Times. Retrieved 27 November 2019.
  28. ^ "Passe Gena Manamali-1989". nalanmendis. Retrieved 23 July 2018.
  29. ^ ""Pateelage Kathawa": Problem of schooling". Sunday Times. Retrieved 28 November 2019.
  30. ^ "'Pawara Menuwara':Woman athlete's story". Sunday times. Retrieved 17 November 2017.
  31. ^ "'Ramya Suramya': Two houses full of problems". Sunday Times. Retrieved 27 November 2019.
  32. ^ "'Roda Hatara Manamalaya' has out-of-ordinary plot". Sunday Times. Retrieved 29 November 2019.
  33. ^ "'Sanda Amawakai': Prasanna's latest tele venture for 2001". Sunday Times. Retrieved 23 September 2019.
  34. ^ "Sedona now on DVD". Daily Mirror. Retrieved 18 August 2019.
  35. ^ "'Sedona' : Wasanthi in a dual role". Sunday Times. Retrieved 4 December 2019.
  36. ^ "Saradiel re-lived". Sunday Observer. Retrieved 30 July 2019.
  37. ^ "'Veeduru Mal': Depicts a topsy-turvy tale". Sunday Times. Retrieved 8 December 2019.
  38. ^ "Top short stories on mini screen". Sunday times. Retrieved 17 November 2017.
  39. ^ "'Walakulu' make a move on Rupavahini". Sunday Times. Retrieved 10 November 2019.
  40. ^ "'Wanabime Sirakaruwo': A tale of a brave Boer". Sunday times. Retrieved 17 November 2017.
  41. ^ "'Warna': A colourful story". Sunday Times. Retrieved 4 December 2019.
  42. ^ ""Weten Eha", a tale of neighbours". Sunday Times. Retrieved 11 December 2019.
  43. ^ "Jayalath Manorathna - Radio Play (Tharuwansaranai)". youtube. Retrieved 16 October 2019.
  44. ^ "Critics 'tune' in to wrong frequency". dailymirror. Archived from the original on 31 January 2020. Retrieved 16 October 2018.
  45. ^ "Jayalath Manorathna - Radio Play (Bashmanthara)". youtube. Retrieved 16 October 2019.
  46. ^ "Jayalath Manoratne hospitalised". Daily Mirror. Archived from the original on 9 August 2019. Retrieved 3 April 2019.
  47. ^ "Veteran actor Jayalath Manorathna passes away". srilankamirror. Retrieved 3 April 2019.
  48. ^ "Jayalath Manoratne – Actor details". National Film Corporation of Sri Lanka. Retrieved 11 March 2017.
  49. ^ "Deshamanya for 14 Lankans". Sundaytimes. Retrieved 10 July 2013.
  50. ^ "Mano is fine now". සරසවිය. 21 November 2018. Retrieved 24 February 2022.
  51. ^ "Hemal reunites with her boyfriend 'Ashavari' on the 3rd". සරසවිය. 23 February 2022. Retrieved 24 February 2022.
  52. ^ "Unmada Wu Premadara: Saptha Kanya". sarasaviya. Retrieved 12 January 2021.
  53. ^ "'Rathu Aluyama': last creation of Yasapalitha". Sunday Times. Retrieved 1 November 2017.
  54. ^ "Novelist turns director with 'Gini Kirilli'". The Sunday Times. Retrieved 11 March 2017.
  55. ^ "Hiri Poda Wessa – හිරි පොද වැස්ස". films.lk. Retrieved 3 April 2018.
  56. ^ "Miss Jennis coming soon". Sarasaviya. Retrieved 11 June 2020.
  57. ^ "Ashawari: This is not a love story". Sarasaviya. Retrieved 26 April 2021.
  58. ^ "'Bulletproof Children' competes in China". Sunday Times. Retrieved 12 January 2021.
  59. ^ "She is back home – Deweni Yuddhaya". Sarasaviya. Retrieved 24 January 2019.
  60. ^ "Friendship that cannot be cut with any scissors". Sarasaviya. 17 March 2020. Retrieved 25 March 2020.
  61. ^ . "Ice Cream" coming soon http://www.sarasaviya.lk/films-local/2020/07/02/17907/“අයිස්ක්%E2%80%8Dරීම්”-ළඟදීම. Retrieved 3 July 2020. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  62. ^ "What happened to Suvisi Vivarana". Sarasaviya. 15 January 2020. Retrieved 16 January 2020.
  63. ^ "Raigam Tele'es 2012 award winners". Sarasaviya. Archived from the original on 16 October 2013. Retrieved 30 May 2018.
  64. ^ "Stars shower at Hiru Awards". Sarasaviya. Archived from the original on 18 March 2017. Retrieved 11 March 2017.
  65. ^ "The Glamour and Splendour at the Derana Sunsilk Film Awards 2016 – Beautiful you". Beautifulu.lk. Archived from the original on 3 June 2016. Retrieved 23 May 2016.
  66. ^ "President honours Lankan Cinema". Sunday Times. Retrieved 10 December 2019.

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Provincie Drenthe Provinsi Drenthe Bendera Lambang Map: Provinsi Drenthe di Belanda Ibu kota Assen Kota besar Assen Komisaris Raja Jetta Klijnsma (PvdA) Agama (2015) Protestan 28% Katolik 9% Muslim 1% ireligius 62% Luas • Darat • Air  2,633 km² (ke-7)48 km² Populasi (2023) • Total • Kepadatan 502,000 (ke-10)191/km² (ke-12) Inclusion 1796 Lagu kebangsaan Mijn Drenthe ISO NL-DR Situs Web Resmi www.drenthe.nl Peta Drenthe Drenthe (pengucapanⓘ...

 

History of Esperanto

Part of a series onEsperanto flag Esperanto Language Grammar Phonology Orthography (Braille) Vocabulary Etymology History Zamenhof Proto-Esperanto Unua Libro Dua Libro La Esperantisto Fundamento de Esperanto Declaration of Boulogne Montevideo Resolution Manifesto of Rauma Manifesto of Prague Modern evolution of Esperanto Culture Esperanto movement Esperantist Esperantujo Literature Music Film La Espero Libera Folio Literatura Mondo Native speakers Libraries Pop culture references Publication...

تاريخ أنظمة التشغيل

هذه المقالة بحاجة لصندوق معلومات. فضلًا ساعد في تحسين هذه المقالة بإضافة صندوق معلومات مخصص إليها. توفر أنظمة التشغيل الحاسوبية (OSes) مجموعة من الوظائف المطلوبة والمستخدمة في معظم برامج وتطبيقات الكمبيوتر، والروابط اللازمة للتحكم في أجهزة الكمبيوتر ومزامنتها. على أجهزة ال...

 

Sinh vật lạp thể cổ

Sinh vật lạp thể cổThời điểm hóa thạch: 1600–0 Ma Had'n Archean Proterozoic Pha. Đại Trung Nguyên Sinh – gần đâyTảo đỏ LaurenciaPhân loại khoa họcVực (domain)Eukaryota(không phân hạng)ArchaeplastidaAdl 2005Các phân nhóm Tảo đỏ Glaucophyta Plantae (thực vật có phôi và tảo lục) Sinh vật lạp thể cổ (danh pháp khoa học: Archaeplastida (hay Plantae sensu lato) là một nhóm chính trong sinh vật nhân chuẩn, bao g...

 

Gulmaral Yerkebayeva

Gulmaral Yerkebayeva Nazionalità  Kazakistan Altezza 174 cm Lotta Specialità Lotta libera Palmarès Competizione Ori Argenti Bronzi Campionati asiatici 0 0 4 Giochi asiatici indoor e di arti marziali 0 1 0 Vedi maggiori dettagli Statistiche aggiornate al 23 aprile 2022 Modifica dati su Wikidata · Manuale Gulmaral Yerkebayeva (4 novembre 1995) è una lottatrice kazaka, specializzato nella lotta greco-romana. Palmarès Campionati asiatici Doha 2015: bronzo nei 75 kg. Bangkok 2...

Welland Canal, Bridge 15

Bridge in Welland, OntarioWelland Canal, Bridge 15Bridge 15 - The Canada Southern Railway swing bridge over the former route of the Welland CanalCoordinates42°58′37″N 79°15′21″W / 42.97694°N 79.25583°W / 42.97694; -79.25583 (Welland Canal, Bridge 15)Carriesrail trafficCrossesWelland Recreational WaterwayLocaleWelland, OntarioMaintained byCanadian Pacific RailwayCharacteristicsDesignBaltimore Truss swing bridgeHistoryOpenedc. 1910Location The W...

 

العلاقات البالاوية الجامايكية

العلاقات البالاوية الجامايكية بالاو جامايكا   بالاو   جامايكا تعديل مصدري - تعديل   العلاقات البالاوية الجامايكية هي العلاقات الثنائية التي تجمع بين بالاو وجامايكا.[1][2][3][4][5] مقارنة بين البلدين هذه مقارنة عامة ومرجعية للدولتين: وجه المقار...

 

قائمة مواقع التراث العالمي في المغرب

مواقع التراث العالمي هي معالم تقوم لجنة التراث العالمي في اليونسكو بترشيحها ليتم إدراجها ضمن برنامج مواقع التراث الإنساني العالمي الذي تديره اليونسكو. هذه المعالم قد تكون طبيعية، كالغابات وسلاسل الجبال، وقد تكون من صنع بشري، كالمعالم المعمارية من جسور أو سدود ومدن وغيره...

Jack Tar Hotels

American-based international chain (1940–1997) Jack Tar Hotels was an international hotel chain based in the United States. History The chain began with a single motel in Galveston, Texas, overlooking the Gulf of Mexico, built in 1940 by W. L. Moody III, the chairman of Affiliated National Hotels. The “Jack Tar” name (a slang term for a sailor) was chosen as the result of a naming contest. In 1949, the facility was renovated by architect Thomas M. Price, who established an office in Gal...

 

Radius of curvature (optics)

Distance from the vertex of a lens or mirror to its center of curvature This article is about optical applications. For the general mathematical concept, see Radius of curvature. Radius of curvature sign convention for optical design Radius of curvature (ROC) has specific meaning and sign convention in optical design. A spherical lens or mirror surface has a center of curvature located either along or decentered from the system local optical axis. The vertex of the lens surface is located on ...

 

Shehar Aur Sapna

1963 Indian filmShehar Aur SapnaPosterDirected byKhwaja Ahmad AbbasStory byKhwaja Ahmad AbbasProduced byNaya SansarStarringDilip RajNana PalsikarDavid .CinematographyRamachandraMusic byJ. P. KaushikRelease date 1963 (1963) Running time120 minutesCountryIndiaLanguageHindi Shehar Aur Sapna (lit. 'The City and the Dream') is a 1963 Hindi film directed by Khwaja Ahmad Abbas, about a young couple searching in vain for a home of their own in a metropolis, amidst the backdrop of rapidly ...

Brazzaville

Brazzavillecittà-dipartimento Brazzaville – VedutaVeduta aerea LocalizzazioneStato Rep. del Congo AmministrazioneAmministratore localeChristian Roger Okemba[1] TerritorioCoordinate4°16′10″S 15°16′16″E4°16′10″S, 15°16′16″E (Brazzaville) Altitudine320 m s.l.m. Superficie263,9 km² Abitanti1 696 392 (2015) Densità6 428,16 ab./km² Altre informazioniPrefisso242 Fuso orarioUTC+1 CartografiaBrazzaville – Localizzazione Sito isti...

 

Ivana Chýlková

Czech actress This biography of a living person needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially libelous.Find sources: Ivana Chýlková – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (September 2021) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Ivana Ch...