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James Phinney Baxter III
James Phinney Baxter III
10th President of Williams College
	In office; 1937–1961
Preceded by	Tyler Dennett
Succeeded by	John Edward Sawyer
Personal details
Born	February 15, 1893; Portland, Maine, U.S.
Died	June 17, 1975 (aged 82); Williamstown, Massachusetts, U.S.
Occupation	Historian, educator, academic
Awards	Pulitzer Prize for History (1947)

James Phinney Baxter III (February 15, 1893 in Portland, Maine – June 17, 1975 in Williamstown, Massachusetts) was an American historian, educator, and academic, who won the 1947 Pulitzer Prize for History for his book Scientists Against Time (1946).^[1] He was also the author of The Introduction of the Ironclad Warship (1933).^[2]

Life

Baxter was the grandson of historian and mayor of Portland, Maine, James Phinney Baxter and the son of James Phinney Baxter, Jr. He was a nephew of former Maine governor and philanthropist Percival Proctor Baxter. He attended Portland High School and Phillips Academy in Andover, Massachusetts, followed by Williams College, where he was graduated as valedictorian with Phi Beta Kappa honors, was a member of The Kappa Alpha Society, and served as president of the Gargoyle Society. He obtained M.A. degrees from both Williams and Harvard University and his Ph.D. from Harvard in 1926.

Baxter taught at Colorado College and then at Harvard, progressing from instructor to full professor in 10 years. He served as the first master of Adams House. In 1928 he was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.^[3] In 1937-1961 he was president of Williams College.^[4] Baxter left Williams for a few years during World War II while he served as research coordinator of information (1941–1943) and director of the Office of Strategic Services (1942–1943). In 1943 he was the part-time official historian of the Office of Scientific Research and Development, where he wrote Scientists Against Time.

He was a member of the board of trustees of the World Peace Foundation.

References

^ Baxter, James Phinney (1946). Scientists against time. Little, Brown. ISBN 9780598553881. Retrieved 24 June 2015.
^ Baxter, James Phinney (2001). The Introduction of the Ironclad Warship. Naval Institute Press. ISBN 9781557502186. Retrieved 24 June 2015.
^ "Book of Members, 1780-2010: Chapter B" (PDF). American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-03-29. Retrieved May 28, 2011.
^ Williams College Archives & Special Collections. "Baxter, James Phinney 1937-1961". williams.edu. Retrieved 24 June 2015.