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Ivan Puni
Ivan Puni
Born	Ivan Albertovich Puni; 3 April 1890; Kuokkala, Grand Duchy of Finland, Russian Empire
Died	28 December 1956 (aged 66); Paris, France

Ivan Albertovich Puni^[1] (Russian: Ива́н Альбе́ртович Пу́ни; also known as Jean Pougny; 3 April [O.S. 22 March] 1890 – 28 December 1956)^[2]^[3]^[4] was a Russian avant-garde (Suprematist, Cubo-Futurist) and French artist, who intensively changed his style until it went into lyric Primitivism in the direction of Pierre Bonnard and Edouard Vuillard.

Biography

Early life

Ivan Puni was born in Kuokkala (then Grand Duchy of Finland in the Russian Empire, now Repino, a part of St. Petersburg in Russia). It was long believed that Ivan Puni was born in 1892 or 1894 until his birth certificate was found in 2019 in a St. Petersburg archive, showing his birth date as 22 March 1890 (old style).^[5] He was the grandson of an eminent Italian composer of ballet music, Cesare Pugni. His father, a cellist, proposed him a military career, but Ivan instead decided to become a painter.

Career

Puni continued his formal training in Paris in 1910–11 at the Académie Julien and other schools, where he painted in a derivative fauviste style. Upon his return to Russia in 1912, he married fellow artist Xenia Boguslavskaya, and met, and exhibited with, members of the St Petersburg avant-garde, including Kazimir Malevich and Vladimir Tatlin.^[1] He made a second trip to Paris in 1914, returning to St. Petersburg with the outbreak of WWI. At this point, he began painting in a Cubist style reminiscent of Juan Gris. In 1915, Puni organized the exhibitions Tramway V and 0.10, both held in St Petersburg, in which Malevich, Tatlin, Aleksandra Ekster, Liubov Popova, Ivan Kliun, Olga Rozanova, Nadezhda Udaltsova, Boguslavskaya and others participated, and to which Puni contributed constructions, readymades, and paintings.^[1]^[6] In 1915-1916 Puni, together with other Suprematist artists, worked at Verbovka Village Folk Centre. In 1919, he taught at the Vitebsk Art School under Marc Chagall.^[1]

Years of exile

Puni and his wife, Xenia Boguslavskaya, emigrated from Russia in 1920 (end of January), first to Finland, then to Berlin,^[1] where his solo exhibition was held at the Galerie der Sturm (February 1920). While in Berlin, Puni also designed costumes and sets for theatrical productions, and published a theoretical book Modern Painting.^[1]

Puni and Boguslavskaya relocated to Paris in 1923, where he carried on with development of his style, which experienced several metamorphoses until it stabilized at approximately 1943 to a variant of Post-Impressionism or lyric Primitivism in the direction of Pierre Bonnard and Edouard Vuillard. In France he became "Jean Pougny" and in 1947 obtained French citizenship. He died in Paris in 1956.

Literature

Herman Berninger: Pougny. Jean Pougny (Iwan Puni) 1892–1956. Catalogue de l’Œuvre. Tome 1: Les Années d`avant-garde, Russie — Berlin, 1910—1923. E. Wasmuth Verlag, Tübingen 1972, ISBN 3-8030-3000-5
Herman Berninger: Pougny. Jean Pougny (Iwan Puni) 1892—1956. Catalogue de l` oeuvre. Tome 2: Paris-Cote d’Azur, 1924—1956, Peintures. E. Wasmuth Verlag, Tübingen, 1992, ISBN 3-8030-3045-5.
Iwan Puni. 1892—1956. Katalog zur Ausstellung des Musée d’Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris und der Berlinischen Galerie. Bearb. v. Jean-Louis Andral, Jean-Claude Marcadé und Marie-Anne Chambost. Hatje, Stuttgart, 1993, ISBN 3-927873-32-2.
Magdalena Nieslony: Bedingtheit der Malerei. Ivan Puni und die moderne Bildkritik. Berlin 2016, ISBN 978-3-7861-2764-2
Herman Berninger, 0,10 Iwan Puni. Werke Aus Der Sammlung Herman Berninger, Zuerich, Und Fotografien Der Russischen Revolution Aus Der Sammlung Ruth Und Peter Herzog, Basel, 2003, ISBN 3-7165-1308-3
W.E. Gröger, Galerie der Sturm, Iwan Puni, Petersburg, Gemälde, Aquarelle, Zeichnungen, Berlin, Februar 1921
André Salmon, Galerie Barbazanges, Œuvres de J. Pougni et Aquarelles de Xana Bougouslavska, Paris, 18.–30. April 1925
Galerie Jaques Bernheim, 30 Œuvres, Paris, 16.–30. April 1928
Galerie Jeanne Castel, Iwan Puni, Vorwort von Paul Guillaume, Paris, Juni 1933
Galerie Louis Carré, Iwan Puni, Paris, 5. Oktober – 20. Oktober 1943
Galerie de France, Iwan Puni, Vorwort zum Katalog von Charles Estienne, Paris, 3.–31. Mai 1947
Galerie Knoedler, Iwan Puni, New York, 26. März – 16. April, 1949
Adams Gallery, Jean Pougny, Vorwort zum Katalog von Alexander Watts, London, 13. April – 12. Mai 1950
Musée National d’Art Moderne, Rétrospective Pougny, Paris, 24. Januar – 23. Februar 1958
Musée Toulouse - Lautrec, Rétrospective Pougny, Vorwort zum Katalog von Édouard Julien und R.V. Gindertael, Albi, 29. März – 30. April 1958

Exhibitions

St. Petersburg, Union of Youth, 1912 and 1913
Paris, Salon des Indépendants, 1914
St. Petersburg, Palais des Beaux Arts, Premiére Exposition Futuriste des Tableaux Tramway V, 1915
St. Petersburg, Galerie Dobytchine, Dernière Exposition Futuriste des Tableaux 0.10, 1915
Berlin, Galerie der Sturm, Iwan Puni, Petersburg, February, 215 Kunstwerke, 1921
Düsseldorf, Erste Internationale Kunstausstellung, 1922
Berlin, Große Berliner Kunstausstellung, Sektion Novembergruppe, 1922
Paris, Salon de Tuileries, 1924
Paris, Salon d'Automne, 1924
Paris, Galerie Barbazanges, Œuvres de J. Pougni et Aquarelles de Xana Bougouslavska, 1925
Brüssel, Palais des Beaux-Arts, Exposition Internationale, 1928
Paris, Galerie Jaques Bernheim, Pougny,1928
Paris, Galerie Jeanne Castel, Iwan Puni, Essay from Paul Guillaume, 1933, Einzelausstellung
Paris, Galerie Charpentier, Salon des Temps Présent, 1934
Paris, Galerie Bernheim Jeune, Exposition des Œuvres des candidates aux Prix Paul Guillaume, 1935
Paris, Exposition Internationale, 1937
Paris, Galerie Louis Carré, Pougny, 1943
Paris, Musée National d'Art Moderne, Exposition Internationale d'Art Moderne organisée pas l'UNESCO, 1946
Paris, Musée de Luxembourg, L'Art francais contemporaine, 1946
Paris, Galerie de France, Pougny, preface from Charles Estienne, 1947
New York, M Knoedler & Co, Jean Pougny, 1949
Paris, Musée National d'Art Moderne, Vente aux Enchéres de Tableaux Modernes, 1950
London, Adams Gallery, Jean Pougny, 1950
Nice, Gallery des Ponchettes, Les Peintres par Témoins de leur Temps, 1953
Turin, Galleria Civica d'Arte Moderna, Peintres d'Aujourd'hui France-Italie, Pougny est invité d'honneur, 1953
Paris, Palais du Louvre, La Demeure Joyeuse - Paul Marrot et ses Amis, 1953
London, Royal Academy, Les Peintres d'aujourd'hui d'Utrillo à Picasso, 1955
Aix-en-Provence, Pavillon de Vendôme, Collection d'un Amateur Parisien (Collection of Madame Marie Cuttoli), 1958
Albi, Musée Toulouse - Lautrec, Rétrospective Pougny, preface from Édouard Julien and R.V. Gindertael, 1958
Zürich, Kunsthaus, Rétrospective Pougny, 247 œuvres, preface from René Wehrli, Gotthard Jedlicka, Werner Weber und R. V. Gindertael, 1960
Amsterdam, Stedelijk Museum, Rétrospective Pougny, 222 œuvres, 1961
Paris, Palais du Louvre, Collections d'Expression Française, 1962
Turin, Galleria Civica d'Arte Moderna, Rétrospective Pougny, 297 œuvres, 1962
Baden-Baden, Staatliche Kunsthalle, Schrift und Bild, Exposition Internationale, 1963
Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale, Rétrospective Pougny, 1964
New York, Metropolitan Museum of Art, Russian Stage and Costume Designs for the Ballet, Opera and Theatre, 1967
London, Royal Academy of Arts, French Painting since 1900 from Private collections in France, 1969
Berlin, Haus am Waldsee, Rétrospective Pougny 100 œuvres, 1975
Leverkusen, Städtisches Museum Schloss Morsbroich, Rétrospective Pougny 100 œuvres, 1975
Venedig, Biennale di Venezia, Ambiente / Arte dal Futurismo alla Body Art, 1977
Paris, Centre Georges Pompidou, Paris - Berlin 1900-1933, Rapports et Contrastes, 1978
Edinburgh, Scottish National Gallery of Modern Art, Libertad Colour and Form: Russian Non-Objective Art 1915-1922, 1978
New York, Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, The Planar Dimension Europe 1912-1932, 1979
Los Angeles, Los Angeles County Museum of Art, The Avant-Garde in Russia, 1910-1930, New Perspectives, 1980
Moscow, Galerie Tretiakov, Moscow - Paris, 1900–1930, 1981
Frankfurt, Schirn Kunsthalle, Die große Utopie, Die Russische und Sovjet Avantgarde 1915-1932, 1992
Basel, Kunstmuseum, TransForm, BildObjekt Skulptur im 20. Jahrhundert, 1992
Paris, Musée d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris, Rétrospective Pougny, 1993
Zürich, Kunsthaus, Chagall, Kandinsky, Malevich & Russian Avantgarde, 1999
Basel, Fondation Beyeler, Auf der Suche nach 0.10, 2015

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Sarabianov, Andrei D. "Ivan Albertovich Puni". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 6 June 2020.
^ "ru: Русская живопись // Пуни Иван Альбертович (1892—1956)". Archived from the original on 2019-09-20. Retrieved 2013-04-04.
^ ru: Пуни Иван Альбертович (1892—1956)
^ ru: ПУНИ Иван (Жан) Альбертович / Pougny Jean
^ А. Родионов. Расшифровывая Пуни. Часть 1. Ранние годы // Вестник истории, литературы, искусства, т. XV, 2022, с. 144-162.
^ Родионов, Алексей. Новое о выставке «0,10» и о ее организаторе Иване Пуни // Искусствознание, №1-2, 2020, с. 232-271.