Interstate 496 (I-496) is an auxiliary Interstate Highway that passes through downtown Lansing in the US state of Michigan. Also a component of the State Trunkline Highway System, the freeway connects I-96 to the downtown area. It has been named the R.E. Olds Freeway (sometimes just Olds Freeway) for Ransom E. Olds, the founder of Oldsmobile and the REO Motor Car Company. I-496 runs east–west from I-96/I-69 near the downtown area and north–south along a section that runs concurrently with US Highway 127 (US 127). The trunkline also passes a former assembly plant used by Oldsmobile and runs along or crosses parts of the Grand and Red Cedar rivers.
Construction of I-496 started in 1963, and the freeway opened on December 18, 1970. Segments of the freeway south of downtown Lansing were built in the location of a historically black neighborhood. This neighborhood was formed based on the segregationist practices of the early 20th century. Community leaders worked for different housing opportunities for the black residents displaced by I-496 rather than fight the freeway. As the trunkline neared completion, competing proposals to name it resulted in two similar, but separate designations applied to I-496. The city originally approved one name in honor of a former mayor. The local historical society proposed that the state name it as a memorial to Olds after the demolition of the Olds Mansion. The city renamed it the Oldsmobile Expressway, the name under which it opened in December 1970. Two years later, the Michigan Legislature restored its preferred name and it has been the Olds Freeway since.
I-496 starts at an interchange with I-96/I-69 at that freeway's exit 95 in Delta Township in Eaton County. The freeway runs eastward through suburban areas of the township adjacent to some residential subdivisions. Continuing eastward, there is an interchange for Creyts Road before I-496 angles to the northeast. At the interchange with Waverly Road, I-496 crosses into Ingham County. The freeway then runs parallel to the Grand River. Near a partial interchange with Lansing Road (old US 27[4]), the freeway gains a pair of service drives: St. Joseph Street runs one-way westbound on the north side, and Malcolm X Street runs eastbound to the south. The next interchange is for the connection to M-99, which runs along Martin Luther King Jr. Boulevard. South of this interchange, M-99 connects to the Lansing Car Assembly plant,[5][6] a former facility for Oldsmobile.[7]
Continuing eastward, I-496 passes north of the assembly plant complex and south of the central business district. East of a partial interchange with Walnut Street, the freeway passes the Michigan Women's Hall of Fame, which is located on I-496's southern service drive. The south side of the freeway is adjacent to Cooley Gardens near the confluence of the Grand and Red Cedar rivers. I-496 crosses the Grand River downstream from the confluence and meets the interchange to Business Loop I-96 (BL I-96, Cedar and Larch streets) and Pennsylvania Avenue. St. Joseph Street ends after the connection to Pennsylvania Avenue.[5][6] The main freeway crosses a rail line owned by CSX Transportation.[8] I-496 runs parallel to the north side of the rail line while Malcolm X Street follows to the south as far as the Clemens Avenue overpass. The freeway then crosses into East Lansing near the Red Cedar Natural Area.[5][6]
After crossing the city line, I-496 turns southward and merges with US 127. The two highways run concurrently,[5][6] and they cross a line of the Canadian National Railway.[8] The freeway runs along the western edge of the campus of Michigan State University. South of campus, I-496/US 127 crosses back into Lansing and has an interchange with Jolly Road before entering Delhi Township. About two-thirds of a mile (1.1 km) south of Jolly Road, I-496 meets I-96 and terminates; US 127 continues southward as a freeway toward Jackson.[5][6]
Like other state highways in Michigan, I-496 is maintained by the Michigan Department of Transportation (MDOT). In 2011, the department's traffic surveys showed that on average, 61,082 vehicles used the freeway between BL I-96 and the Trowbridge Road interchange south of US 127, the highest traffic count along I-496. West of Creyts Road, 17,600 vehicles did so each day, which was the lowest count along the trunkline.[9] As an Interstate Highway, all of I-496 is listed on the National Highway System,[10] a network of roads deemed important to the country's economy, defense, and mobility.[11]
An east–west freeway was originally planned as an Interstate Highway allowing traffic to access downtown Lansing in the 1955 General Location of National System of Interstate Highways (Yellow Book), an early proposal for what would become the Interstate Highway System.[12] As originally proposed by the Michigan State Highway Department in 1958, the freeway was to be called I-296.[13] The department was waiting on approval of a final numbering scheme the next year,[14] before the first Interstates were signed in the state in 1959.[15] By the time construction started on the Lansing freeway, it was numbered I-496.[16]
The section near downtown was to be built through a historically African-American neighborhood. The neighborhood was formed through "unwritten rules of segregation" as real estate agents and mortgage brokers guided black residents to the area when they were looking to buy homes.[17] When the state and federal governments were planning the freeway, the area was chosen for the path of I-496. The neighborhood boasted a community center and several businesses that catered to the black population of Lansing, including the only record store that sold rhythm and blues music. Community leaders did not fight the freeway and instead lobbied for affordable housing and relocation assistance. The construction spurred integration of blacks into the wider community; some were able to move into neighborhoods previously closed to them, purchasing "newer houses near better schools."[17] In total, the construction of the freeway required the demolition or removal of nearly 600 homes, 60 businesses, and 15 farms.[18]
The first section of I-496 was opened in December 1963,[1] and ran from I-96 northerly to M-43/M-78 (Saginaw and Kalamazoo streets) between Lansing and East Lansing. The freeway, comprising the southern two-thirds, was designated I-496/M-78/BL I-96 while the northern portion was on city streets as M-78/BL I-96.[4][19] Some 50 men completed the work by year's end; they went entirely without vacation time to accomplish the feat.[1] Another section of freeway was opened in 1966, and US 127 was rerouted to follow I-496/M-78. BL I-96 was removed from I-496/US 127/M-78 and routed along the former US 127.[20][21] The freeway segment north of the Trowbridge Road interchange continuing northward as part of US 127 was opened in 1969. Another section opened at the same time was the western section from I-96 to Lansing Road (then US 27) in 1969.[22][23] The remaining section between M-99 (then Logan Street, now Martin Luther King Jr. Boulevard) and I-496/US 127 opened on December 18, 1970, completing construction.[2][24]
The freeway underwent a $42.4 million reconstruction (equivalent to $69.7 million in 2023[25]) between April and November 2001 which included the rehabilitation or reconstruction of 35 bridges, 8.5 miles (13.7 km) of freeway, and the addition of a weave-merge lane between Pennsylvania Avenue and US 127.[26][27] Speed limits were raised along I-496 from 55 to 70 mph (89 to 113 km/h) in 2007 to reflect the speeds motorists were driving during studies conducted by MDOT and the Michigan State Police.[28]
The name applied to the freeway was not without controversy. The Lansing City Council named it in September 1966 after Ralph W. Crego, a former city council member and the longest-serving mayor in the city's history. The Historical Society of Greater Lansing wanted it named the "R.E. Olds Expressway", in part because the new road brought about the demolition of the Olds Mansion,[24] which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places,[29] and to "recogniz[e] the contributions of R.E. Olds to the industries of the city."[24] The society approached the Michigan Legislature, which introduced House Resolution 48 in February 1970 using the historical society's preferred name. The city council realized that they had been bypassed and conveniently discovered that their original resolution was not "formally adopted".[24] They named a park for Crego instead in October 1970 and adopted a resolution to name I-496 the "Oldsmobile Expressway". The Legislature approved its resolution resulting in two names, one for the founder of the car company, and one for the company itself. The council member who introduced the city's resolution criticized the Legislature for taking action without consultation. The state resolution was intercepted before it could be sent to the Michigan Department of State Highways, and the freeway opened on December 18, 1970, with the "Oldsmobile Expressway" name. On August 21, 1972, during the celebrations for the 75th anniversary of Oldsmobile, Senate Concurrent Resolution 345 renamed I-496 the "R.E. Olds Freeway".[24]
The Capitol Loop was a state trunkline highway running through Lansing that was commissioned on October 13, 1989.[30] It formed a loop route off I-496 through downtown near the Michigan State Capitol complex, home of the state legislature and several state departments. However, unlike other business loops in Michigan, it had unique reassurance markers—the signs that serve as regular reminders of the name and number of the highway. It was known internally at MDOT as Connector 496 for inventory purposes.[32] The highway followed a series of one-way and two-way streets through downtown Lansing, directing traffic downtown to the State Capitol and other government buildings.[33][34] Unlike the other streets downtown, the seven streets composing the Capitol Loop were under state maintenance and jurisdiction.[35]
The loop was originally proposed in 1986 as part of a downtown revitalization effort.[36] Almost from the beginning before the highway was commissioned in 1989, it was affected by controversial proposals. The first was related to suggestions by community leaders to rename city streets in honor of Martin Luther King Jr.[24] Another controversy dealt with rebuilding the streets as part of a downtown beautification project; the downtown business community protested the original scope of construction,[37] and the Lansing City Council threatened to cancel the project in response to the controversy.[38] In 2010, additional controversies surfaced regarding the posting and enforcement of speed limits on city streets in Michigan, including the streets that make up the Capitol Loop.[39]
The length of the Capitol Loop that ran independent of BL I-96 was transferred to the City of Lansing on March 26, 2024.[31] The city has been converting streets from one-way traffic to two-way since 2022,[40] including plans to convert Ottawa and Allegan streets during 2024.[41] With the transfer, the Capitol Loop designation was removed from the state highway system.
SambonDesaKantor Desa SambonNegara IndonesiaProvinsiJawa TengahKabupatenBoyolaliKecamatanBanyudonoKode pos57373Kode Kemendagri33.09.09.2004 Luas... km²Jumlah penduduk... jiwaKepadatan... jiwa/km² Sambon adalah desa di kecamatan Banyudono, Boyolali, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia. Pembagian wilayah Desa Sambon terdiri dari dukuh: Gemburan Girimarto Harjosumartan Jatisari Jetis Ngaglik Ngemplak Rejoso Rejoso Kidul Sambon Sarimulyo Sorogenen Tohudan Perumahan Di dalam Desa Sambon terdapat perumahan:…
Professional co-ed tennis team Hartford FoxForceSportTeam tennisFounded1999 (1999)LeagueWorld TeamTennisTeam historyHartford FoxForce2000–2006Based inHartford, ConnecticutStadiumState Arsenal and Armory 3,000Blue Fox Run 2,500OwnerLisa Wilson-Foley The Hartford FoxForce were a professional co-ed tennis team in Connecticut that competed in the World TeamTennis (WTT). History In 1999, owner Lisa Wilson-Foley and her husband franchised the World TeamTennis team Hartford FoxForce in Hartford,…
2013 video gameSoul SacrificeNorth American cover artDeveloper(s)Marvelous AQLJapan StudioPublisher(s)Sony Computer EntertainmentDirector(s)Teruhiro ShimokawaProducer(s)Kentarou MotomuraTeruyuki ToriyamaDesigner(s)Keiji InafuneComposer(s)Yasunori MitsudaWataru HokoyamaPlatform(s)PlayStation VitaReleaseSoul SacrificeJP: March 7, 2013NA: April 30, 2013AU: May 2, 2013EU: May 3, 2013Soul Sacrifice DeltaJP: March 6, 2014NA: May 13, 2014PAL: May 14, 2014Genre(s)Action role-playingMode(s)Single-player,…
Kaspar von Steinsdorf (1856) Kaspar von Steinsdorf (* 28. Februar 1797 in Amberg; † 29. November 1879) war ein deutscher Kommunalbeamter und Politiker in Bayern. Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Leben 2 Siehe auch 3 Literatur 4 Weblinks 5 Einzelnachweise Leben Er war der Sohn des adeligen Advokaten Markus von Steinsdorf in Amberg. Er besuchte das Königliche Gymnasium Amberg. Er studierte an der Universität Landshut Rechtswissenschaft und wurde 1817 Mitglied des späteren Corps Palatia München.[1 …
село ФеджернікFegernic Країна Румунія Повіт Біхор Комуна Сирбі Код SIRUTA 31173 Поштові індекси 417524 Телефонний код +40 259 (Romtelecom, TR)+40 359 (інші оператори) Координати 47°12′13″ пн. ш. 22°07′43″ сх. д.H G O Висота 140 м.н.р.м. Населення 366 (2002) Розташування Феджернік (рум. Fegernic) — с
Five Nights at Freddy'sPoster perilisan bioskopSutradara Emma Tammi Produser Scott Cawthon Jason Blum Ditulis oleh Scott Cawthon Seth Cuddeback Emma Tammi Skenario Scott Cawthon Seth Cuddeback Emma Tammi Cerita Scott Cawthon Chris Lee Hill Tyler MacIntyre BerdasarkanFive Nights at Freddy'soleh Scott CawthonPemeran Josh Hutcherson Elizabeth Lail Piper Rubio Mary Stuart Masterson Matthew Lillard Penata musik The Newton Brothers SinematograferLyn MoncriefPenyunting Andrew Wesman William Paley…
Mary Tourtel Mozaiek schilderij van Tourtel in Canterbury, 2018 Algemene informatie Volledige naam Mary Caldwell Geboren 28 januari 1874 Geboorteplaats Canterbury Overleden 15 maart 1948 Overlijdensplaats Canterbury Land Vlag van Verenigd Koninkrijk Verenigd Koninkrijk Beroep stripauteur, illustratrice, schrijfster Werk Jaren actief 1896-1935 Genre stripverhalen, illustraties Bekende werken A Horse Book (1901), Rupert Bear/Nederlandse bewerking Bruintje Beer (1929-1935) Uitgeverij Britse ui…
Берджесс АбернетіНародився 21 лютого 1987 Голд-Кост, Квінсленд, АвстраліяКраїна АвстраліяДіяльність актор, кіноакторВідомий завдяки акторРоки активності 2006 — тепер. часIMDb ID 2097685 Берджесс Абернеті (англ. Burgess Abernethy, нар. 21 лютого 1987, Голд-Кост, Квінсленд, Австралія)
اضغط هنا للاطلاع على كيفية قراءة التصنيف الدوسر ثلاثي البوصات رسم توضيحي لنبات الدوسر ثلاثي البوصات حالة الحفظ أنواع غير مهددة أو خطر انقراض ضعيف جدا[1] المرتبة التصنيفية نوع[2] التصنيف العلمي النطاق: حقيقيات النوى المملكة: النباتات الفرقة العليا: النباتات ال
SC Cottbus-Logo Turner des aus dem SC Cottbus gegründeten Sportclub Cottbus Turnen beim Internationalen Deutschen Turnfest 2017 Turner des SC Cottbus bei einem internationalen Turnier in Budapest Der Sportclub Cottbus war ein Sportclub im DDR-Sportsystem. Er bestand von 1963 bis 1992 in der damaligen Bezirksstadt Cottbus und war ein sportliches Leistungszentrum für den Südosten der DDR. Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Clubentwicklung 2 Boxen 3 Leichtathletik 4 Radsport 5 Fußball 6 Weblinks zur Clubgesc…
Sulawesi Selatan pada Pekan Olahraga Nasional 2024 Jumlah atlet TBD Pembawa bendera TBD Total medali EmasTBD PerakTBD PerungguTBD TBD (Urutan ke-TBD) Sulawesi Selatan akan berkompetisi pada Pekan Olahraga Nasional 2024 di Aceh dan Sumatera Utara. Medali Artikel utama: Pekan Olahraga Nasional 2024 Medali Atlet Cabang olahraga Nomor Tanggal TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD Medali berdasarkan cabang olahraga Olahraga 01 02 03 Total TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD Total TBD TBD TBD TBD Medali berdasarkan jenis kelamin Gende…
Variant of chess Chesquerque gameboard and starting position. In the diagram, archbishops are represented by knight and bishop combined. Chesquerque is a chess variant invented by George R. Dekle Sr. in 1986.[1][2] The game is played on a board composed of four Alquerque boards combined into a square. Like Alquerque, pieces are positioned on points of intersection and make their moves along marked lines (similarly to xiangqi); as such, the board comprises a 9×9 grid with 81 posi…
Leontius served as Greek Patriarch of Alexandria between 1052 and 1059. References Leontius (1052–1059). Official web site of the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Alexandria and All Africa. Retrieved 2011-02-07. Eastern Orthodox Church titles Preceded byGeorge II Greek Patriarch of Alexandria 1052–1059 Succeeded byAlexander II vtePatriarchs of AlexandriaPatriarchs prior to theChalcedonian schism(43–451) Mark I the Evangelist (founder) Anianus Avilius Kedronos Primus Justus Eumenius…
Type of crime based in computer networks Not to be confused with virtual crime. Criminology Main Theories Conflict theory Criminalization Differential association Integrative criminology Rational choice theory Structural functionalism Subcultural theory Symbolic interactionism Methods Comparative Profiling Critical theory Ethnography Uniform Crime Reports Crime mapping Positivist school Qualitative Quantitative BJS NIBRS Subfields and other major theories American Anthropological Biosocial crimi…
Upcoming video game 2018 video gameScumDeveloper(s)GamepiresPublisher(s)JagexEngineUnreal Engine 4Platform(s)Microsoft WindowsRelease29 August 2018 (early access)Genre(s)SurvivalMode(s)Single-player, multiplayer Scum is an upcoming multiplayer online survival game, developed by Croatian studio Gamepires, available under the Steam Early Access program. The game is described as a prison riot survival game[1] and will feature an open world.[2][3] It entered Steam's early acc…
This article does not cite any sources. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Dong Woo Animation – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (March 2022) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Animation studio in Seoul, South Korea Dong Woo AnimationIndustryAnimationFoundedNovember 1991; 32 years ago (1991-11)Headquarte…
Bert Patenaude Informasi pribadiNama lengkap Bertrand Arthur PatenaudeTanggal lahir (1909-11-04)4 November 1909Tempat lahir Fall River, Massachusetts, U.S.Tanggal meninggal 4 November 1974(1974-11-04) (umur 65)Tempat meninggal Fall River, Massachusetts, U.S.Posisi bermain PenyerangKarier senior*Tahun Tim Tampil (Gol)1928 Philadelphia Field Club 8 (6)1928 → J&P Coats 1 (0)1928–1931 Fall River Marksmen 114 (112)1930 → Newark Americans (pinjaman) 5 (7)1933–1934 Philadelphia German*…
Place in GreeceArgostoli ΑργοστόλιView of Argostoli SealArgostoliLocation within the regional unit Coordinates: 38°10′24″N 20°29′27″E / 38.17333°N 20.49083°E / 38.17333; 20.49083CountryGreeceAdministrative regionIonian IslandsRegional unitKefaloniaArea • Municipality377.0 km2 (145.6 sq mi) • Municipal unit151.670 km2 (58.560 sq mi)Highest elevation10 m (30 ft)Lowest elevation0…
Queen of Persia/Iran from 1925 to 1941 Not to be confused with Taj ol-Molouk or Taj al-Mulk. Tâdj ol-MoloukQueen consort of IranTenure15 December 1925 – 16 September 1941BornNimtaj Ayromlou[1](1896-03-17)17 March 1896Baku, Russian Empire(now in Azerbaijan)Died10 March 1982(1982-03-10) (aged 85)Acapulco, MexicoSpouse Reza Shah (m. 1916; died 1944) Gholamhossein Saheb Divani (m. 1945; div. …
Jordanian TV series or program JinnGenre Supernatural Teen drama Fantasy Created by Mir-Jean Bou Chaaya Elan Dassani Rajeev Dassani Directed by Mir-Jean Bou Chaaya Amin Matalqa Starring Salma Malhas Sultan Alkhail Hamzeh Okab Aysha Shahaltough Zaid Zoubi Ban Halaweh Yasser Al Hadi Mohammad Nizar Mohammad Hindieh Karam Tabbaa Abdelrazzaq Jarkas Ralph Richie Hilado ComposerEtyen[1]Country of originJordanOriginal languageArabicNo. of seasons1No. of episodes5 (list of episodes)Productio…
Lokasi Pengunjung: 13.58.82.214