Hot box

For other uses, see Hotbox (disambiguation).
US-style railroad truck with journal bearings inside journal boxes

A hot box is the term used when an axle bearing overheats on a piece of railway rolling stock.[1] The term is derived from the journal-bearing trucks used before the mid-20th century. The axle bearings were housed in a box that used oil-soaked rags or cotton (collectively called "packing") to reduce the friction of the axle against the truck frame. When the oil leaked or dried out, the bearings overheated, often starting a fire that could destroy the entire railroad car (and cars coupled to it) if not detected early enough.

The packing and bearing had to be regularly inspected by yard crews, and packing was often added at major stops. The journal bearing was replaceable, but if neglected, it would heat to a temperature where the babbitt bearing alloy would melt away, leaving the brass carrier riding on the steel axle, and result in a "taper journal". This would eventually lead to the axle fracturing and the car above falling onto the wheel, or failure of the taper journal, causing the side frame and journal box to fall below the level of the rails, either of which could cause a major derailment of the train. Train worker duties consisted partly of inspecting the train as it ran by, looking for smoke, sparks, or fire. They would then sound the audible report "All Black" to mean the train was not giving off any light energy that would indicate combustion or destruction of the wheel bearings. If the train worker saw "Red" or smoke, he would alert other crew members, or else make an emergency stop to the train to prevent further damage.

When this type of axle box was used, any diesel exhaust smells had to be tracked to their source, as a hot-box sometimes smells similar. Most of the larger railroads use defect detectors to scan passing trains for hot box conditions. Some of these detectors also have "automated mile posts" which send an automated radio signal to the train crew listing the train number, track number, number of axles on the train and train speed.

Modern ball, roller or tapered bearings can also overheat, but the likelihood of a roller bearing overheating is usually far smaller than with journal bearings. When modern bearings do fail, the balls or rollers and their races fail, generating heat which can ignite fires or be the ignition source of a dust explosion in grain, coal, sawdust, etc.

See also

References

  1. ^ US 4659043, Gallagher, Cornelius A., "Railroad hot box detector", published 1987-04-21, assigned to Servo Corporation of America 

Bibliography

  • Railway Age magazine April 1, 1957
  • Model Railroader 1980 May 62pp

Read other articles:

Antoine Pinay

Antoine Pinay Antoine Pinay en 1952. Fonctions Médiateur de la République 30 janvier 1973 – 18 mai 1974(1 an, 3 mois et 18 jours) Prédécesseur Fonction créée Successeur Aimé Paquet Député français 9 décembre 1958 – 8 février 1959(1 mois et 30 jours) Élection 30 novembre 1958 Circonscription 3e de la Loire Législature Ire (Cinquième République) Groupe politique IPAS Prédécesseur Circonscription créée Successeur Émile Hémain 11 juin 1946 – 5...

 

中国人民解放军陆军第十四集团军炮兵旅

陆军第十四集团军炮兵旅陆军旗存在時期1950年 - 2017年國家或地區 中国效忠於 中国 中国共产党部門 中国人民解放军陆军種類炮兵功能火力支援規模约90门火炮直屬南部战区陆军參與戰役1979年中越战争 中越边境冲突 老山战役 成都军区对越轮战 紀念日10月25日 陆军第十四集团军炮兵旅（英語：Artillery Brigade, 14th Army），是曾经中国人民解放军陆军第十四集团军下属�...

 

Kraton Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat

Royal palace complex in Yogyakarta, Indonesia Royal Palace of YogyakartaKeraton Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat ꦏꦿꦠꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦔꦪꦺꦴꦒꦾꦏꦂꦠꦲꦢꦶꦤꦶꦔꦿꦠ꧀Pagelaran hall of Kraton YogyakartaLocation in YogyakartaAlternative namesKraton JogjaGeneral informationTypeRoyal PalaceArchitectural styleJavanese ArchitectureLocationJl. Rotowijayan 1 55133, YogyakartaCountry IndonesiaCoordinates7°48′20″S 110°21′51″E / 7.805689°S 110.36406°Eþ...

Don Heffner

American baseball player, coach, and manager Baseball player Don HeffnerSecond baseman / ManagerBorn: (1911-02-08)February 8, 1911Rouzerville, Pennsylvania, U.S.Died: August 1, 1989(1989-08-01) (aged 78)Pasadena, California, U.S.Batted: RightThrew: RightMLB debutApril 17, 1934, for the New York YankeesLast MLB appearanceApril 29, 1944, for the Detroit TigersMLB statisticsBatting average.241Home runs6Runs batted in248Managerial record37–46Winning %.446...

 

Armada Hitam

Surat kabar Australia yang diterbitkan pada September 1945 oleh The Courier-Mail, melaporkan bahwa kapal-kapal Belanda di Brisbane dinyatakan Hitam oleh Komite Sengketa Dewan Perdagangan dan Perburuhan. Armada Hitam adalah nama yang diterapkan untuk kapal dagang dan militer Belanda yang dilarang berlayar ke negara Indonesia yang baru diproklamasikan dari pelabuhan-pelabuhan Australia karena pemogokan daerah pelabuhan atau larangan hitam oleh serikat pekerja maritim dari tahun 1945 sampai 1949...

 

Suresh Gopi

Indian actor and politician In this Indian name, the name Gopi is a patronymic, and the person should be referred to by the given name, Suresh. Suresh GopiMember of Parliament in Rajya Sabha(Nominated)In office29 April 2016 – 24 April 2022 Personal detailsBorn (1958-06-26) 26 June 1958 (age 65)Kollam, Kerala, IndiaPolitical partyBharatiya Janata Party (BJP)Spouse Radhika Nair ​(m. 1990)​Children5, including Gokul Suresh [note 1]ParentsK. Go...

2007 Pennsylvania 500

2007 Pennsylvania 500 Race details Race 21 of 36 in the 2007 NASCAR Nextel Cup Series season The 2007 Pennsylvania 500 program cover.Date August 5, 2007 (2007-August-05)Official name Pennsylvania 500Location Pocono Raceway, Long Pond, PennsylvaniaCourse Permanent racing facility2.5 mi (4.023 km)Distance 200 laps, 500 mi (804.672 km)Weather Temperatures reaching up to 89.1 °F (31.7 °C); wind speeds up to 8 miles per hour (13 km/h)[1]Average speed 131.627...

 

Zach Galifianakis

Zach GalifianakisGalifianakis di penayangan perdana The Hangover Part II, Mei 2011Nama lahirZachary Knight GalifianakisLahir1 Oktober 1969 (umur 54)Wilkesboro, North Carolina, USAMediaPanggung, film, televisi, musikKebangsaanAmerika SerikatTahun aktif1996–sekarangGenreKomedi alternatif, komedi observasi, komedi musikalSubjekKehidupan sehari-hari, penghinaan diriSuami/istriQuinn Lundberg ​(m. 2012)​ Zachary Knight Zach Galifianakis[1] ( GAL-i-fə-NAK...

 

Queensland Rail

Railway operator in Queensland, Australia Not to be confused with QR National. This article's lead section may be too short to adequately summarize the key points. Please consider expanding the lead to provide an accessible overview of all important aspects of the article. (November 2023) For an overview of the South East Queensland rail network, see Railways in South East Queensland. For a general overview of railways in Queensland, see Rail transport in Queensland. Queensland RailAn Electri...

西遊記大結局之仙履奇緣

本條目存在以下問題，請協助改善本條目或在討論頁針對議題發表看法。 此條目需要編修，以確保文法、用詞、语气、格式、標點等使用恰当。 (2013年8月6日)請按照校對指引，幫助编辑這個條目。（幫助、討論） 此條目剧情、虛構用語或人物介紹过长过细，需清理无关故事主轴的细节、用語和角色介紹。 (2020年10月6日)劇情、用語和人物介紹都只是用於了解故事主軸，輔助�...

 

Deep Eddy Pool

Historic public pool in Austin, Texas United States historic placeDeep Eddy Bathing BeachU.S. National Register of Historic PlacesU.S. Historic district Deep Eddy PoolLocation401 Deep Eddy Ave.Austin, Texas, USACoordinates30°16′35″N 97°46′23″W / 30.27639°N 97.77306°W / 30.27639; -97.77306Area9 acres (3.6 ha)BuiltJuly 1936 (1936-07)ArchitectDan Driscoll, Delmar GroosArchitectural styleNPS RusticNRHP reference No.03000560[1&#...

 

Universitas Islam Negeri Saifuddin Zuhri Purwokerto

Universitas Islam NegeriProf. KH. Saifuddin Zuhri PurwokertoLambang UIN Saifuddin Zuhri[1]Nama sebelumnya• Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Negeri Purwokerto (1997-2014)• Institut Agama Islam Negeri Purwokerto (2014-2020)MotoExcellent, Islamic, CivilizedJenisPerguruan tinggi Islam negeri di IndonesiaDidirikan12 Zulkaidah 1417 H21 Maret 1997 M(SK Presiden RI 11/1997)Lembaga indukKementerian Agama Republik IndonesiaAfiliasiIslamRektorProf. Dr. H. Ridwan, M.AgAlamatJalan Ahmad Yani No 40A,...

The Daily (podcast)

News podcast by The New York Times PodcastThe DailyPresentationHosted byMichael BarbaroSabrina TaverniseGenreLong-form journalism, Political podcastLanguageEnglishUpdatesWeekdays, by 6 a.m.[1]Lengthavg. 20–25 minutesProductionProduction Producers Theo Balcomb Andy Mills Lisa Tobin Rachel Quester Lynsea Garrison Annie Brown Clare Toeniskoetter Paige Cowett Michael Simon Johnson Brad Fisher Larissa Anderson Wendy Dorr Chris Wood Jessica Cheung Alexandra Leigh Young Jonathan Wolfe Lisa...

 

Blaž Bertoncelj and Andrea Podlogar

Dancers This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages) The topic of this article may not meet Wikipedia's notability guideline for biographies. Please help to demonstrate the notability of the topic by citing reliable secondary sources that are independent of the topic and provide significant coverage of it beyond a mere trivial mention. If notability cannot be shown, the article is like...

 

Advancement (inheritance)

Wills, trustsand estates Part of the common law series Wills Legal history of wills Joint wills and mutual wills Will contract Codicil Holographic will Oral will Sections Attestation clause Residuary clause Incorporation by reference Contest Testamentary capacity Undue influence Insane delusion Fraud No-contest clause Property disposition Lapse and anti-lapse Ademption Abatement Satisfaction of legacies Acts of independent significance Elective share Pretermitted heir Trusts Express Resulting...

United States at the 1996 Summer Olympics

Sporting event delegationUnited States at the1996 Summer OlympicsFlag of the United StatesIOC codeUSANOCUnited States Olympic Committeein AtlantaCompetitors646 (375 men and 271 women) in 31 sportsFlag bearers Bruce Baumgartner (opening)Michael R. Matz (closing)MedalsRanked 1st Gold 44 Silver 32 Bronze 25 Total 101 Summer Olympics appearances (overview)189619001904190819121920192419281932193619481952195619601964196819721976198019841988199219962000200420082012201620202024Other related appe...

 

تايه في أمريكا (فيلم)

تايه في أمريكاLost in the USA (بالإنجليزية)Lost in America (بالإنجليزية) معلومات عامةالصنف الفني كوميديا درامية — فيلم دراما — فيلم كوميدي تاريخ الصدور مارس 2002اللغة الأصلية لغة عربيةالبلد  مصرمواقع التصوير لوس أنجلوس — هوليوود — كاليفورنيا — الولايات المتحدة الطاقمالمخرج رافي جر...

 

List of bridges on the National Register of Historic Places in Idaho

This is a list of bridges and tunnels on the National Register of Historic Places in the U.S. state of Idaho.[1] Name Image Built Listed Location County Type Boise River and Canal Bridge 1922 2007-02-07 Caldwell43°41′20″N 116°41′10″W / 43.68889°N 116.68611°W / 43.68889; -116.68611 (Boise River and Canal Bridge) Canyon Warren camelback through truss Bullion Tunnel 1910 1984-09-20 Avery47°24′4″N 115°42′4″W / 47.40111...

Myeloblast

Unipotent stem cell in the bone marrow MyeloblastMyeloblastIdentifiersTHH2.00.04.3.04002 FMA83524Anatomical terms of microanatomy[edit on Wikidata] The myeloblast is a unipotent stem cell which differentiates into the effectors of the granulocyte series. It is found in the bone marrow. Stimulation of myeloblasts by G-CSF and other cytokines triggers maturation, differentiation, proliferation and cell survival.[1] Structure Human Myeloblasts Myeloblasts reside extravascularly in th...

 

Sachsen

Bang tự do Sachsen Cờ bang Huy hiệu bang Cờ vạch ngang Huy hiệu lớn Số liệu cơ bản Thủ phủ: Dresden Diện tích: 18.415,51 km² Dân số: 4.043.002 (31/12/2021)[1] Mật độ dân số: 219 người / km² GDP  - Tổng cộng  - Tỷ lệ trong GDP Đức 134,511 tỉ EUR (2021) [2]  tỉ € Nợ trên đầu người: Nợ tổng cộng: 5,552 tỉ € (31/5/2012)[3] ISO 3166-2: DE-SN Trang Web chính thức: www.sachsen.d...