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	The Bombardment of Algiers, 27 August 1816, by George Chambers (1836), portrays HMS Minden
History
United Kingdom
Name	HMS Minden
Ordered	9 July 1801
Builder	Wadia Group
Launched	19 June 1810
Honours and; awards	Naval General Service Medal (1847); "30 July Boat Service 1811"; "Algiers";
Fate	Sold for breaking up, 1861
Notes	Hulked, 1842
General characteristics
Class and type	Ganges-class ship of the line
Tons burthen	1721 bm
Length	169 ft 6 in (51.66 m) (gundeck)
Beam	47 ft 8+1⁄2 in (14.5 m)
Depth of hold	20 ft 3 in (6.17 m)
Propulsion	Sails
Sail plan	Full-rigged ship
Armament	74 guns; Gundeck: 28 × 32 pdrs; Upper gundeck: 28 × 18 pdrs; Quarterdeck: 14 × 9 pdrs; Forecastle: 4 × 9 pdrs;

HMS Minden was a Royal Navy 74-gun Ganges-class third-rate ship of the line, launched on 19 June 1810^[1] from Bombay, India. She was named after the German town Minden and the Battle of Minden of 1759, a decisive victory of British and Prussian forces over France in the Seven Years' War. The town is about 75 km away from Hanover, from where the House of Hanover comes—the dynasty which ruled the United Kingdom from 1714 until 1901.

Construction

Jamsetjee Bomanjee Wadia of the Wadia Group built Minden. She was launched from the Duncan Docks ^[2] in Bombay, India,^[3] and was built of teak.^[4]

The Bombay Courier, 23 June 1810 wrote:

“On Tuesday last His Majesty’s Ship, the Minden built in the new docks (Bombay) by Jamsetji Bomanji Wadia was floated into the stream at high water, after the usual ceremony of breaking the bottle had been performed by the Honorable Governor Jonathan Duncan. Also In having produced the Minden, Bombay is entitled to the distinguished praise of providing the first and only British ship of the line built out of the limits of the Mother Country; and in the opinion of very competent judges, the Minden, for beauty of construction and strength of frame, may stand in competition with any man-o-war that has come out of the most celebrated Dockyards of Great Britain. For the skill of its architects, for the superiority of its timber, and for the excellence of its docks, Bombay may now claim a distinguished place among naval arsenals”.

Service history

Minden sailed from Bombay on 8 February 1811 on her first cruise,^[4] under the command of Edward Wallis Hoare,^[5] and manned by the crew of the Russell. In March she sailed from Madras to take part in the invasion of Java. On 29 July two of her boats, under the command of Lieutenant Edmund Lyons, with only 35 officers and men aboard, attacked and captured the fort covering the harbour of Marrack, to the westward of Batavia.^[5] The Naval General Service Medal with the clasp "30 July Boat Service 1811" was issued to survivors of this action in 1848. The Dutch and French forces in Java surrendered in September. Minden then sailed for the UK and escorted convoys to the East Indies, the Cape of Good Hope, South America, and the coast of Africa.^[4]

Minden sailed from Portsmouth under Captain Alexander Skene on 6 August 1812 arriving at Madras, India on 29 January 1813 where she then served as the flagship of Vice Admiral Sir Samuel Hood, Commander in Chief of the East Indies Station. While there, she was first commanded by Captain William Webley, then by Captain Joseph Prior, and thereafter (20 April 1814) by Captain George Henderson (until 14 January 1815).^[6]^[7]^[8] "In the summer of 1814 [Admiral Hood] made a voyage, in his majesty’s ship Minden, to the eastern parts of his station.”^[9] He eventually arrived at Semarang, Java on 29 June 1814. Hood then "sailed on the Minden from Batavia on 1 August 1814 for Madras, where he [later] died on 24 December of that year.”.^[10]^[11] The Minden remained in the East Indies until September 1815 when she returned to England, arriving at Portsmouth on 4 February 1816.^[12]

[A number of blogs and articles on the internet repeat an old myth that HMS Minden saw service during the War of 1812 in the Chesapeake Bay and that Francis Scott Key was aboard her when he wrote the words which became the lyrics for "The Star-Spangled Banner". ^[13] ^[14] Such claims have been proven wrong by over 100 official British documents, newspaper accounts from that time, and from personal first-hand accounts. (See preceding paragraph and also these sources:) ^[15]^[16]^[17] ]

In late July 1816 Minden sailed from Plymouth Sound, as part of an Anglo-Dutch fleet that made an attack on Algiers on 27 August.^[4] The Naval General Service Medal with the clasp "Algiers" was issued to survivors of this battle in 1848.

Minden then sailed for the East Indies, and was reported to be at Trincomalee in 1819. In July 1830 Minden was at Plymouth. She was commissioned there on 19 March 1836 and sailed for the Tagus joining the British squadron. In 1839 she was at Malta, returning to Plymouth in early 1840.^[4]

She was at Devonport dockyard when it suffered severe damage in a large scale fire on 25 September 1840, it started in the North Dock on HMS Talavera which was completely gutted, spread to the Minden whose fire was successfully put out, and spread to nearby buildings and equipment.^[18]

A typhoon destroyed the shore-based Royal Naval Hospital at Hong Kong on 22 July 1841,^[19] and Minden was commissioned at Plymouth in December 1841 to serve as a hospital ship there.^[4] She was stationed at Hong Kong as a hospital ship from 1842^[4] until she was replaced by HMS Alligator in 1846.^[19] Minden then served there as stores ship until sold for scrapping in August 1861.^[4]

In memory of the ship, two streets were named after her, Minden Row and Minden Avenue, located behind Signal Hill of Tsim Sha Tsui in Kowloon, Hong Kong.

Notes

^ ^a ^b Lavery, Ships of the Line, vol. 1, p. 185.
^ "How Mumbai is linked to America's most famous song". rediff.com. 2010. Retrieved 19 December 2016.
^ Jungalwala, Khorshed. "The Wadias of India: Then and Now". Vohuman Web Journal. Prominent Zarathushtis. Archived from the original on 17 December 2007.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Benyon, P. (2011). "HMS Minden". pbenyon.plus.com. Archived from the original on 2 January 2018.
^ ^a ^b Phillips, Michael (2011). "HMS "MINDEN" (74) [1810]". ageofnelson.org. Retrieved 18 April 2011.
^ "Sir Samuel Hood". more than Nelson. Retrieved 12 September 2023.
^ Winfield, Rif. "British Warships in the Age of Sail 1793-1817 Design, Construction, Careers and Fates" Chatham Publishing, London 2005 (page 77 "Minden").
^ O'Byrne, William R. (1849). A Naval Biographical Dictionary: Comprising the Life and Services of Every Living Officer in Her Majesty's Navy, from the Rank of Admiral of the Fleet to that of Lieutenant Inclusive. Compiled from Authentic and Family Documents. J. Murray.
^ Hall, Basil (1833). Fragments of voyages and travels: third series. Edinburgh : London: R. Cadell; Whittaker, Treacher, & Co.
^ Carey, Peter (Editor). "The British in Java, 1811-1816 : a Javanese account : a text full edition, English synopsis, and commentary on British Library Additional Manuscript 12330 (Babad bedhah ing Ngayogyakarta)" Oxford University Press. 1992. (Page 510, note 535)
^ "Sumatra's Westkust - Java Almanac (ships)". sites.google.com. Retrieved 12 September 2023.
^ London Morning Post 6 February 1816 (page 4, column 2).
^ "Letter from William C. Noyes to Abraham Lincoln". The Abraham Lincoln Papers at the Library of Congress. 3 January 1863. Retrieved 18 April 2011.
^ "Remarks by US Secretary of State Rex Tillerson". YouTube. 18 October 2017.
^ Eshelman, Ralph E.; Sheads, Scott S. (14 September 2020). Chesapeake Legends and Lore from the War of 1812. Arcadia Publishing. ISBN 978-1-62584-524-5.
^ Maryland historical magazine. George A. Smathers Libraries University of Florida. Baltimore, Maryland Historical Society. 1906.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
^ Hinkey, Donald R. (editor). The War of 1812: Writings from America’s Second War of Independence” “The Life and Legend of Francis Scott Key: Maryland, September 1814” 2013 Published by Library of America (pages 547-554) - Roger B.Taney to Charles Howard” 1856. First published in Baltimore by Samuel Tyler in “Memoir of Roger Taney” 1872 https://docs.google.com/viewer?url=http://www.loa.org/images/pdf/Key_Taney.pdf
^ "Dreadful Fire at Devonport". London: The Morning Chronicle. 25 September 1840. Archived from the original on 17 March 2019. Retrieved 26 April 2020.
^ ^a ^b Davis, Peter (2008). "The Royal Naval Hospital, Hong Kong". pdavis.nl. Retrieved 18 April 2011.