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Hürriyet
	First issue, dated 1 May 1948
Type	Daily newspaper
Format	Berliner (Broadsheet prior to 15 October 2012)
Owner(s)	Demirören Holding
Editor	Hasan Kılıç
Founded	1948
Political alignment	Mainstream; Liberalism; Secularism
Language	Turkish
Headquarters	Güneşli, Bağcılar
City	Istanbul
Country	Turkey
Circulation	319,273 (8 January 2018 – 14 January 2018)
Website	www.hurriyet.com.tr
	Media of Turkey; List of newspapers;

Hürriyet (Turkish pronunciation: [hyɾ.ɾiˈjet] ^ⓘ, Liberty) is a major Turkish newspaper, founded in 1948. As of January 2018,^[update] it had the highest circulation of any newspaper in Turkey at around 319,000.^[2] Hürriyet combines entertainment with news coverage and has a mainstream, liberal and conservative outlook.^[1]

Hürriyet has regional offices in Istanbul, Ankara, İzmir, Adana, Antalya and Trabzon, as well as a news network comprising 52 offices and 600 reporters in Turkey and abroad, all affiliated with Doğan News Agency, which primarily serves newspapers and television channels that were previously under the management of Doğan Media Group (Doğan Yayın Holding). Hürriyet is printed in six cities in Turkey and in Frankfurt, Germany.^[3] As of January 2017^[update], according to Alexa, its website was the tenth most visited in Turkey, the second most visited of a newspaper and the fourth most visited news website.^[4] On 21 March 2018, Doğan Yayın Holding, the parent company of Hürriyet, was sold to Demirören Holding for approximately $1.2 billion. The Demirören Group is known for its pro-government stance.^[5]

History

Hürriyet was founded by Sedat Simavi on 1 May 1948 with a staff of 48. Selling 50,000 copies in its first week,^[6] Hürriyet was Simavi's 59th and last publication. On 13 January 1965 the paper was confiscated by the Turkish authorities shortly after the publication of the letter of the US President Lyndon B. Johnson to İsmet İnönü.^[7] In the letter, Johnson overtly stated that Turkey should not organize any military intervention in Cyprus.^[7]

It is considered a high-circulation newspaper in Turkey.^[8]^[9]

In 2018, Hurriyet was bought by Demirören Holding, owned by the Demirören family, who are considered to be close to President Erdoğan.^[10]

Tax fine controversy

In February 2009, the newspaper received an 826.2 million TL (US$523 million) fine for tax evasion by Doğan Group/Petrol Ofisi. Following this, the Istanbul Stock Exchange suspended Doğan Holding's shares,^[11]^[12]^[13] and Fitch downgraded the rating of Hürriyet to 'BB−'.^[14]

Executives at the Doğan Group expressed the opinion that the tax fine was politically motivated "intimidation", caused by Hürriyet's linking of Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan and his political party, AKP, to a charity scandal in Germany. In March 2009, Jose Manuel Barroso, president of the European Commission, expressed public concern about the fine, saying that it threatened "pluralism and freedom of the press."^[15]

In September 2009, Doğan Group was fined a record US$2.5 billion, related to alleged past tax irregularities.^[15]^[16]

The September fine caused further expressions of public concern from the European Commission, as well as the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe.^[17] It also caused some critics and global investors^[18] to compare the fines to then-Russian President Vladimir Putin's use of tax-evasion charges to bankrupt oil company Yukos for allegedly political reasons. In an interview, Erdoğan denied this charge, calling it "very ugly" and "disrespectful" to both himself and Putin.^[17]

Hürriyet headquarters in Güneşli, Istanbul
Hürriyet headquarters in Güneşli, Istanbul

Notable people

Golden Butterfly Awards

Hürriyet, along with Pantene, sponsors the annual Golden Butterfly Awards, in which its readers vote for nominees in the fields of Turkish television and music.^[19]