Global Food Security Index

The Global Food Security Index consists of a set of indices from 113 countries. It measures food security across most of the countries of the world.[1] It was first published in 2012, and is managed and updated annually by The Economist's intelligence unit.

Global food production

Food security differs around the world, with some regions being much more prone to food insecurity due to both lack of fertile land, as well as capital that could procure sufficient food through the purchasing of imports.[2] This demand for food is steadily growing, especially in developing countries, with studies showing it is likely to grow between 70% and 100% over the four decades from 2009.[3] Much research is underway to increase the productivity of crops, and therefore cultivate a greater volume of food.[3] But, unless that research extends to countries characterized by poor, high-density populations, Global Food Security Index scores are likely to decrease in the coming years.[2] Some journals, such as Science, suggest that it is imported that play the biggest role in producing these index scores, as in developing countries, a much greater percentage of the working force is dedicated to agriculture, yet they remain the countries with the lowest Global Food Security Index Scores.[2] This is further illustrated by the fact that the United States and Singapore consistently have the two highest Global Food Security Index scores, even though the portion of their respective economies dealing with agriculture is comparatively negligible.[4]

Criteria

The following parameters are considered for ranking countries in relation to food security:[5]

  1. Nutritional standards
  2. Urban absorption capacity
  3. Food consumption as a share of household expenditure
  4. Food loss
  5. Protein quality
  6. Agricultural import tariffs
  7. Diet diversification
  8. Agricultural infrastructure
  9. Volatility of agricultural production
  10. Proportion of population under the global poverty line
  11. Gross domestic product per capita (US$ PPP)
  12. Presence of food safety net programs
  13. Access to financing for farmers
  14. Public expenditure on agricultural R&D
  15. Corruption
  16. Political stability risk
  17. Sufficiency of supply
  18. Food safety

2022

Source:[6]

Rank Country Overall score Affordability Availability Quality and Safety Sustainability and Adaptation
1st  Finland 83.7 91.9 70.5 88.4 82.6
2nd  Ireland 81.7 92.6 70.5 86.1 75.1
3rd  Norway 80.5 87.2 60.4 86.8 87.4
4th  France 80.2 91.3 69.0 87.7 70.3
5th  Netherlands 80.1 92.7 70.7 84.7 69.2
6th  Japan 79.5 89.8 81.2 77.4 66.1
=7th  Sweden 79.1 91.9 68.3 85.0 68.3
=7th  Canada 79.1 88.3 75.7 89.5 60.1
9th  United Kingdom 78.8 91.5 71.6 77.6 71.1
10th  Portugal 78.7 90.0 77.0 79.8 64.5
11th   Switzerland 78.2 89.2 76.8 73.5 69.5
12th  Austria 78.1 91.3 67.1 81.2 69.7
13th  United States 78.0 87.1 65.1 88.8 69.4
=14th  Denmark 77.8 92.1 63.2 89.1 63.8
=14th  New Zealand 77.8 91.6 67.7 73.1 75.1
16th  Czech Republic 77.7 91.3 69.4 76.3 70.3
17th  Belgium 77.5 92.6 64.6 88.4 61.0
18th  Costa Rica 77.4 83.0 73.0 79.2 73.3
19th  Germany 77.0 87.9 67.0 79.9 70.8
20th  Spain 75.7 89.0 63.1 81.2 66.4
21st  Poland 75.5 87.4 63.8 81.5 66.7
22nd  Australia 75.4 93.3 61.1 84.0 58.8
23rd  United Arab Emirates 75.2 86.7 73.8 81.3 55.2
24th  Israel 74.8 88.6 67.2 87.4 52.2
=25th  Chile 74.2 82.4 68.8 77.0 66.6
=25th  China 74.2 86.4 79.2 72.0 54.5
27th  Italy 74.0 89.5 68.7 75.9 57.3
28th  Singapore 73.1 93.2 77.8 69.7 44.3
29th  Bulgaria 73.0 85.8 66.5 79.5 56.6
30th  Qatar 72.4 88.6 72.9 71.7 51.0
31st  Greece 72.2 88.5 58.3 80.8 57.3
32nd  Kazakhstan 72.1 78.0 67.2 76.3 65.4
33rd  Uruguay 71.8 80.0 65.6 73.8 65.8
34th  Hungary 71.4 86.7 63.3 74.4 57.0
35th  Oman 71.2 88.6 64.3 73.2 53.6
36th  Slovakia 71.1 89.1 55.3 77.9 57.6
37th  Peru 70.8 79.7 58.6 75.2 68.1
38th  Bahrain 70.3 91.3 60.1 76.3 47.3
39th  South Korea 70.2 76.8 71.5 71.5 58.5
40th  Panama 70.0 84.4 63.3 69.7 58.3
=41st  Saudi Arabia 69.9 83.2 67.2 71.6 53.7
=41st  Malaysia 69.9 87.0 59.5 74.7 53.7
=43rd  Russia 69.1 77.8 61.4 78.7 56.6
=43rd  Mexico 69.1 76.0 60.0 78.9 60.2
45th  Romania 68.8 85.1 60.6 77.9 47.1
46th  Vietnam 67.9 84.0 60.7 70.2 52.2
47th  Jordan 66.2 85.3 59.8 55.4 58.9
48th  Ecuador 65.6 70.8 59.3 69.4 62.0
49th  Turkey 65.3 58.4 65.3 78.5 61.2
50th  Kuwait 65.2 80.0 62.9 67.8 45.5
51st  Brazil 65.1 63.0 58.6 83.9 56.3
=52nd  Dominican Republic 65.0 73.4 65.0 65.3 53.5
=52nd  Bolivia 65.0 71.6 61.6 71.7 53.2
54th  Argentina 64.8 62.0 63.4 85.5 49.4
55th  Belarus 64.5 67.8 61.9 69.0 58.5
56th  El Salvador 64.2 72.5 71.2 71.5 38.1
57th  Morocco 63.0 74.6 42.9 73.1 60.0
58th  Guatemala 62.8 65.2 56.7 61.3 67.9
59th  South Africa 61.7 63.4 60.1 66.1 56.9
60th  Honduras 61.5 59.8 61.9 64.9 60.0
61st  Serbia 61.4 81.5 49.3 72.6 37.0
62nd  Tunisia 60.3 74.5 54.1 58.8 49.7
63rd  Indonesia 60.2 81.4 50.9 56.2 46.3
=64th  Thailand 60.1 83.7 52.9 45.3 51.6
=64th  Colombia 60.1 64.6 54.6 63.3 56.9
66th  Azerbaijan 59.8 78.1 56.2 54.5 44.6
67th  Philippines 59.3 71.5 55.2 65.3 41.8
=68th  Algeria 58.9 66.8 57.3 54.7 54.2
=68th  India 58.9 59.3 62.3 62.1 51.2
70th  Paraguay 58.6 74.3 47.0 76.3 32.8
71st  Ukraine 57.9 66.6 48.1 71.3 43.5
72nd  Myanmar 57.6 62.1 53.5 64.4 49.0
73rd  Uzbekistan 57.5 52.7 56.4 64.6 57.9
74th    Nepal 56.9 52.7 70.9 57.8 46.2
75th  Tajikistan 56.7 59.8 56.3 56.5 53.1
76th  Nicaragua 56.6 64.4 50.2 57.5 52.7
77th  Egypt 56.0 65.2 54.2 45.9 55.8
78th  Cambodia 55.7 74.3 54.5 54.0 33.9
79th  Sri Lanka 55.2 61.0 57.2 55.0 45.3
80th  Bangladesh 54.0 52.1 61.5 58.4 43.9
81st  Laos 53.1 59.7 51.8 51.7 47.0
82nd  Kenya 53.0 41.7 52.5 68.8 52.6
83rd  Ghana 52.6 59.9 52.4 50.5 45.1
84th  Pakistan 52.2 59.9 58.3 49.4 37.7
85th  Mali 51.9 53.4 48.7 56.8 48.8
86th  Senegal 51.2 57.9 47.8 53.9 43.5
87th  Botswana 51.1 69.0 40.5 57.3 32.9
88th  Rwanda 50.6 48.4 51.8 50.3 52.7
89th  Burkina Faso 49.6 49.5 49.8 52.8 46.4
90th  Tanzania 49.1 45.8 58.7 50.2 41.7
=91st  Benin 48.1 50.5 53.6 48.1 38.9
=91st  Malawi 48.1 33.6 52.9 52.0 58.2
93rd  Uganda 47.7 48.3 41.0 45.1 57.0
94th  Mozambique 47.3 42.6 49.4 41.8 56.5
95th  Côte d'Ivoire 46.5 54.2 42.1 44.1 43.2
96th  Cameroon 46.4 50.4 31.9 56.5 47.0
97th  Niger 46.3 42.8 41.7 47.0 55.5
98th  Togo 46.2 45.7 51.0 42.3 45.4
99th  Guinea 45.1 37.0 49.0 39.8 56.9
100th  Ethiopia 44.5 32.9 44.7 59.3 44.9
101st  Angola 43.7 35.5 43.5 43.9 54.6
102nd  Zambia 43.5 26.8 46.7 54.2 51.6
103rd  Chad 43.2 50.1 40.0 44.7 35.9
104th  Democratic Republic of Congo 43.0 46.9 40.6 43.5 40.1
105th  Sudan 42.8 35.2 48.2 53.9 35.7
106th  Venezuela 42.6 41.8 36.7 51.5 41.4
107th  Nigeria 42.0 25.0 39.5 55.6 53.7
=108th  Burundi 40.6 32.5 41.4 52.4 38.6
=108th  Madagascar 40.6 39.5 43.0 34.9 44.9
110th  Sierra Leone 40.5 36.6 35.5 41.8 49.8
111th  Yemen 40.1 46.4 26.9 48.7 37.8
112th  Haiti 38.5 32.8 49.6 37.9 34.2
113th  Syria 36.3 32.0 26.6 50.8 38.4

2019

No [7] Country Overall Score Affordability Availability Quality & safety
1st Singapore 87.4 95.4 83.0 79.4
2nd Ireland 84.0 90.5 76.8 87.7
3rd United States 83.7 87.4 78.3 89.1
4th Switzerland 83.1 83.8 84.3 78.2
=5th Finland 82.9 84.1 78.6 91.8
=5th Norway 82.9 81.9 81.0 90.5
7th Sweden 82.7 85.0 78.1 89.4
8th Canada 82.4 83.3 80.0 86.7
9th Australia 82.0 85.6 76.2 88.9
10th Austria 81.7 85.4 78.6 81.1
11th Germany 81.5 84.9 79.1 79.8
12th Netherlands 81.4 86.6 77.1 79.9
13th Qatar 81.2 98.9 64.0 84.1
14th Denmark 81.0 85.4 74.8 87.2
15th Belgium 80.7 84.4 76.2 83.9
16th France 80.4 83.8 74.8 87.1
17th United Kingdom 79.1 83.6 74.4 80.9
18th Israel 79.0 83.0 73.6 83.8
19th New Zealand 78.8 84.6 75.5 73.5
20th Portugal 77.8 81.3 70.9 88.0
=21st Japan 76.5 82.4 71.0 76.7
=21st United Arab Emirates 76.5 89.8 63.7 78.5
23rd Italy 75.8 82.5 68.3 79.7
24th Poland 75.6 81.1 69.3 79.5
=25th Chile 75.5 80.5 71.3 74.7
=25th Spain 75.5 82.3 65.9 84.7
27th Kuwait 74.8 88.1 62.3 75.9
28th Malaysia 73.8 81.7 67.7 70.6
29th South Korea 73.6 75.8 71.2 74.9
30th Saudi Arabia 73.5 86.3 61.8 73.5
31st Greece 73.4 77.8 64.9 86.0
32nd Czech Republic 73.1 82.6 66.3 68.1
33rd Uruguay 72.8 79.3 66.7 73.3
34th Hungary 72.7 80.8 66.1 70.5
35th China 71.0 74.8 66.9 72.6
36th Belarus 70.9 76.0 62.9 80.2
37th Argentina 70.8 78.9 60.2 79.5
38th Romania 70.2 79.3 64.3 64.1
=39th Brazil 70.1 77.0 58.8 84.0
=39th Costa Rica 70.1 75.6 63.1 75.6
41st Turkey 69.8 74.7 64.8 71.1
42nd Russia 69.7 79.8 60.1 70.9
=43rd Colombia 69.4 73.7 65.6 69.3
=43rd Mexico 69.4 74.9 62.3 75.2
45th Panama 68.8 73.8 63.1 71.8
46th Oman 68.4 77.8 57.6 74.4
47th Slovakia 68.3 78.6 62.1 59.4
=48th Kazakhstan 67.3 77.5 57.7 68.3
=48th South Africa 67.3 70.8 64.5 66.2
50th Bahrain 66.6 81.9 56.3 56.9
51st Bulgaria 66.2 79.0 54.2 66.8
52nd Thailand 65.1 77.1 58.7 52.6
53rd Azerbaijan 64.8 75.3 59.2 54.0
54th Vietnam 64.6 75.1 59.7 51.7
55th Egypt 64.5 57.6 70.2 65.9
56th Dominican Republic 64.2 68.4 61.0 62.3
57th Botswana 63.8 69.5 61.3 56.6
58th Peru 63.3 69.1 59.0 60.4
=59th Ghana 62.8 66.3 61.7 57.1
=59th Morocco 62.8 61.5 64.2 61.9
=59th Serbia 62.8 73.9 53.0 61.8
62nd Indonesia 62.6 70.4 61.3 47.1
63rd Ecuador 61.8 69.4 56.1 58.4
=64th Jordan 61.0 70.5 54.8 54.2
=64th Philippines 61.0 68.9 57.7 50.3
66th Sri Lanka 60.8 65.0 60.0 52.4
67th El Salvador 60.7 63.8 58.6 58.9
68th Guatemala 60.6 65.3 57.6 57.5
69th Tunisia 60.1 61.5 58.0 62.2
70th Algeria 59.8 66.9 55.8 53.0
71st Uzbekistan 59.0 65.6 55.1 53.4
72nd India 58.9 64.2 58.4 47.0
73rd Honduras 58.0 57.2 57.8 60.6
74th Paraguay 57.9 72.0 42.4 65.4
75th Bolivia 57.7 65.8 50.0 58.3
76th Ukraine 57.1 63.9 50.0 59.6
77th Myanmar 57.0 59.1 57.2 51.3
78th Pakistan 56.8 63.2 55.7 43.6
79th Nepal 56.4 58.5 55.4 53.7
80th Mali 54.4 45.9 60.1 59.9
81st Senegal 54.3 51.6 56.1 56.1
82nd Nicaragua 54.2 63.5 47.9 48.2
83rd Bangladesh 53.2 60.4 54.8 30.6
84th Côte d'Ivoire 52.3 53.5 58.1 33.1
85th Benin 51.0 48.6 54.9 46.4
86th Kenya 50.7 56.7 48.0 43.2
87th Burkina Faso 50.1 47.0 55.9 41.6
88th Cameroon 49.9 53.7 47.6 47.0
89th Niger 49.6 50.2 53.6 37.4
90th Cambodia 49.4 56.7 48.1 34.6
91st Ethiopia 49.2 49.7 52.6 39.0
92nd Laos 49.1 55.5 47.6 37.4
93rd Tajikistan 49.0 58.8 41.1 46.6
94th Nigeria 48.4 50.4 45.8 50.7
95th Rwanda 48.2 43.8 52.0 48.5
96th Tanzania 47.6 45.1 50.4 45.9
97th Guinea 46.7 47.4 52.4 29.0
98th Uganda 46.2 45.8 45.5 49.1
99th Sudan 45.7 47.1 44.4 46.0
100th Angola 45.5 51.3 40.5 44.9
101st Zambia 44.4 41.8 50.7 33.6
102nd Togo 44.0 45.6 47.2 31.0
103rd Haiti 43.3 50.3 39.6 35.9
104th Malawi 42.5 39.4 48.6 33.1
105th Mozambique 41.4 42.5 47.9 20.6
106th Sierra Leone 39.0 40.8 40.3 30.6
107th Syria 38.4 34.6 38.9 46.4
108th Madagascar 37.9 35.7 45.7 22.1
109th Chad 36.9 40.3 34.9 33.5
110th Congo (Dem. Rep.) 35.7 37.3 40.0 19.8
111th Yemen 35.6 45.5 28.6 30.2
112th Burundi 34.3 36.6 32.2 34.5
113th Venezuela 31.2 15.8 32.2 66.9

References

  1. ^ Gillam, Carey (July 10, 2012). "U.S., Denmark top ranking of world's most "food-secure" countries". Reuters. Retrieved July 15, 2012.
  2. ^ a b c Baryshnikova, Natalia; Klimecka-Tatar, Dorota; Kiriliuk, Olga (March 2019). "The Role of the Foreign Trade in Ensuring Food Security in the Countries of the World: An Empirical Analysis". System Safety: Human – Technical Facility – Environment. 1: 867–874. doi:10.2478/czoto-2019-0111.
  3. ^ a b Baulcombe, David (October 2009). Reaping the benefits: science and the sustainable intensification of global agriculture (PDF). The Royal Society. ISBN 978-0-85403-784-1. RS Policy document 11/09.
  4. ^ Maricic, Milica; Bulajic, Milica; Dobrota, Marina; Jeremic, Veljko (2016). "Redesigning The Global Food Security Index: A Multivariate Composite I-Distance Indicator Approach". International Journal of Food and Agricultural Economics. 4 (1, Special Issue): 69–86.
  5. ^ "Global Food Security Index". Retrieved January 17, 2018.
  6. ^ "Global Food Security Index 2022" (PDF). The Economist Group. 2022.
  7. ^ "Food secure index, 2019 december". November 18, 2022.


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